Index
Light detection and ranging (LIDAR), 12, 19, 243
Lignins, 49, 127, 187
Lindeman, Raymond, 374
Line quantum sensors, 11
Litter
collection of, 110
decomposition, 106-110
definition, 23
pools, 32, 34-35
woody detritus decomposition, 109
Litter bags, 107-108, 320--321
Litterfall, 36, 40
Loam, 201
Logistic equation dynamics, 377
Latium rigidum, 152
Long-path fourier-transform infrared spectrometry,
243-244
Long-term ecological research (LTER), 252
Loop analysis, 383
LTER (long-term ecological research), 252
LVIS (laser vegetation and imaging sensor), 12
Lysimetry, 253-258
Macronutrients, 391
Macrophytes, 310--311
Magnesium (Mg), 88, 269, 293, 299
Manganese (Mn), 86-87, 91, 92-95
Marine snow, 79
Marshes, 127
MAS, 13
Mass water content, 199
Mass water content of soils (qm), 201-202
Mass water percentage, 199
Mass-balance techniques, 271-272
Material flow, 376-378, 378-381, 385
Material transfer models, 384-385
Mean residence time (MRT), 225
Mercury (Hg), 334
Mesocosms, 332-333, 355-356
Meteoric water lines (MWL), 183
Methane (CRt)
early studies, 244
ebullition, 88
fluxes, 240
methods of analysis, 243
in the redox sequence, 86-87
Methanogenesis, 86-87, 96
Methanotrophy, 218
Methylene blue, 309
4-Methylumbelliferyl (MUF), 145
Microautoradiography, 142
Microbes, 138-150,318,356,400--401. See also
Bacteria; Planktonic systems
Microcosms, 355-356, 374
Micrometeorological techniques, 161,242,267
Microwave radiometers, 201, 206-207
Microwaves, 9, 14-18,21,320
Migration, 195,355
Mineral horizons, 110, 119
Mineralization
assays, 89-90
benthic flux measurements, 88-89
carbon, 87, 112
definition, 215
nitrogen, 218
organic matter, 86
oxygen, 88-89
phosphorous, 218-219
Minirhizotrons, 63--65, 67--68
Minnows, 309
Missing sink question, 44
Mites, 322
Modeling phase, ecosystem modeling, 375
MODIS (moderate resolution imaging
spectroradiometer), 14, 45
Monarch butterflies, 195
Monochromatic light, 12
Monolith lysimeters, 256-258
Monoterpenes, 241
Monte Carlo analysis, 65--69
Moorlands, 168
Mortality,376
Mossbauerspectroscopy, 93
Moth balls. See Naphthalene
Mud flats, 239
MUF (4-methylumbelliferyl), 145
Multi-box isotope models, 126-128
Multi-leaf model, deposition, 269-270
Multiple commodity models, 374
Multiple community models, 383-386
Multispectral imagery, 22
Multispectral scanners, 13-14
Multivariate techniques, 279
NfPratios, 391-392, 393, 394,395-397, 302
415
NADP. See National Atmospheric Deposition Program
Naphthalene, 322
NASA (National Aeronautics and Space
Administration), 12, 14,44,50--51
National Atmospheric Deposition Program, 331
AIRMoN,268
National Trends Network (NADPINTN), 267
Natural abundance methods, 230--231
NCP (net community productivity), 31
NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index), 22, 24,
45
Near-infrared (NIR), 12, 13
Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS), 402
Light detection and ranging (LIDAR), 12, 19, 243
Lignins, 49, 127, 187
Lindeman, Raymond, 374
Line quantum sensors, 11
Litter
collection of, 110
decomposition, 106-110
definition, 23
pools, 32, 34-35
woody detritus decomposition, 109
Litter bags, 107-108, 320--321
Litterfall, 36, 40
Loam, 201
Logistic equation dynamics, 377
Latium rigidum, 152
Long-path fourier-transform infrared spectrometry,
243-244
Long-term ecological research (LTER), 252
Loop analysis, 383
LTER (long-term ecological research), 252
LVIS (laser vegetation and imaging sensor), 12
Lysimetry, 253-258
Macronutrients, 391
Macrophytes, 310--311
Magnesium (Mg), 88, 269, 293, 299
Manganese (Mn), 86-87, 91, 92-95
Marine snow, 79
Marshes, 127
MAS, 13
Mass water content, 199
Mass water content of soils (qm), 201-202
Mass water percentage, 199
Mass-balance techniques, 271-272
Material flow, 376-378, 378-381, 385
Material transfer models, 384-385
Mean residence time (MRT), 225
Mercury (Hg), 334
Mesocosms, 332-333, 355-356
Meteoric water lines (MWL), 183
Methane (CRt)
early studies, 244
ebullition, 88
fluxes, 240
methods of analysis, 243
in the redox sequence, 86-87
Methanogenesis, 86-87, 96
Methanotrophy, 218
Methylene blue, 309
4-Methylumbelliferyl (MUF), 145
Microautoradiography, 142
Microbes, 138-150,318,356,400--401. See also
Bacteria; Planktonic systems
Microcosms, 355-356, 374
Micrometeorological techniques, 161,242,267
Microwave radiometers, 201, 206-207
Microwaves, 9, 14-18,21,320
Migration, 195,355
Mineral horizons, 110, 119
Mineralization
assays, 89-90
benthic flux measurements, 88-89
carbon, 87, 112
definition, 215
nitrogen, 218
organic matter, 86
oxygen, 88-89
phosphorous, 218-219
Minirhizotrons, 63--65, 67--68
Minnows, 309
Missing sink question, 44
Mites, 322
Modeling phase, ecosystem modeling, 375
MODIS (moderate resolution imaging
spectroradiometer), 14, 45
Monarch butterflies, 195
Monochromatic light, 12
Monolith lysimeters, 256-258
Monoterpenes, 241
Monte Carlo analysis, 65--69
Moorlands, 168
Mortality,376
Mossbauerspectroscopy, 93
Moth balls. See Naphthalene
Mud flats, 239
MUF (4-methylumbelliferyl), 145
Multi-box isotope models, 126-128
Multi-leaf model, deposition, 269-270
Multiple commodity models, 374
Multiple community models, 383-386
Multispectral imagery, 22
Multispectral scanners, 13-14
Multivariate techniques, 279
NfPratios, 391-392, 393, 394,395-397, 302
415
NADP. See National Atmospheric Deposition Program
Naphthalene, 322
NASA (National Aeronautics and Space
Administration), 12, 14,44,50--51
National Atmospheric Deposition Program, 331
AIRMoN,268
National Trends Network (NADPINTN), 267
Natural abundance methods, 230--231
NCP (net community productivity), 31
NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index), 22, 24,
45
Near-infrared (NIR), 12, 13
Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS), 402