Contents
VII
5.5
Biotic Interactions in a Lanice conchilega-Dominated
Tidal Flat ........................................................................................ 153
S. Dittmann
5.5.1 Introduction ......................................................................... 153
5.5.2 Methods ............................................................................... 154
5.5.3 Species Composition and Macrobenthos Abundances ......... 155
5.5.4 Lanice conchilega: Density and Distribution ....................... 156
5.5.5 Benthos Associated with Lanice conchilega ....................... 157
5.5.6 Discussion ........................................................................... 160
5.6
Size Frequency, Distribution and Colour Variation of Carcinus
maenas in the Spiekeroog Backbarrier System ................................ 163
S. Dittmann & M. Villbrandt
5.6.1 Introduction ......................................................................... 163
5.6.2 Material and Methods .......................................................... 164
5.6.3 Results ................................................................................. 165
5.6.4 Discussion ........................................................................... 169
6
Recolonization of Tidal Flats After Disturbance ................................... 175
S. Dittmann, C. -Po Gunther & U. Schleier
6.1
Introduction .................................................................................... 175
6.2
Material and Methods ..................................................................... 177
6.3
Recolonization After Experimental Disturbances ........................... 178
6.3.1 The Course of Recolonization ............................................. 178
6.3.2 Mode of Recolonization ...................................................... 183
6.4
Recolonization Following the Ice Winter 1995/96 ......................... 185
6.5
Discussion ....................................................................................... 186
6.5.1 Recolonization in Dependence of the Sediment
Chemistry ............................................................................. 187
6.5.2 Temporal Development of Recolonization .......................... 188
6.5.3 Comparison of Recolonization After the Ice Winter
and After Experimental Disturbances .................................. 189
7
Effects of the Ice Winter 1995/96 ............................................................ 193
c.-P. Gunther & V. Niesel
7.1
Introduction .................................................................................... 194
7.2
The "Disturbing" Effects of the Ice Winter 1995/96 ...................... 194
7.2. I Mechanical Effects .............................................................. 194
7.2.2 Direct Effects of Low Temperatures ................................... 195
7.3
The Seasonal Development 1996 (Regeneration) ........................... 196
7.3.1 The Pelagic System ............................................................. 196
7.3.2 The Benthic System ............................................................. 197
7.4
The "Black Area Event" 1996 ........................................................ 199
7.5
Comparison of Ice Winter Effects in Different Parts of the
Wadden Sea .................................................................................... 201