Particulate organic matter (POM)
fatty acids and, 25, 28, 30-32
in water-surface microlayers, 248, 251252
Pavlova lutheri, 178t
PCB, see Polychlorinated biphenyls
PCP, see Pentachlorophenol
Peak splitting, 11-12
Pecten maximus, 188t
Penaeus esculentus, see Tiger prawn
Penaeus japonicus, 266
Penaeus kerathurus, 266, 274t
Penaeus monodon, 268, 282
Pentachlorophenol (PCP), 207,
215
Pentose phosphate pathway, 46
Perea jlavescens, see Yellow perch
Percajluviatilis, 151
Perch
white, 136
yellow, 134-135, 137, 142
Peridinium cinctum, 24t
Peridinium willei, 26
Peridinopsis penardii, 26
Periphyton, 78
Pesticides, 147-148, 152,215
Petroleum hydrocarbons, 78, 248-249,
251
pH, 152,207
Phaeodactylumpt ricomutum, 178t
Phoca hispida, see Ringed seal
Phoca vitulina, see Harbor seal
Phosphatidylcholine
in algae, 23
in aquatic samples, 5f
in fish, 135, 152
in food webs/chains, 165
in marine versus freshwater organisms,
269-270
structure of, 264f
in zooplankton, 94
Phosphatidylethanolamine
in algae, 23
in fish, 152
in food webs/chains, 165
in marine versus freshwater organisms,
266,269-270
structure of, 264f
Phosphatidylglycerol, 23
Phosphatidylinositol, 23, 165
Phosphatidylserine, 23
Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA), 30
Phospholipids
in algae, 23
Index
315
in aquatic samples, 4-5
in benthic invertebrates, 117-119
contaminants and, 148, 211, 215
in fish, 133-134, 147-148, 186, 189,
193
in food webs/chains, 165, 170-171,
176,180-181,186,189,193-195
irradiance and, 48, 49, 55-57
in marine versus freshwater organisms,
265-266,272,278-279,282,285
reallocation among, 55-57
in water-surface microlayers and foam,
248-251
in zooplankton, 71, 78, 94, 180-181
Phosphorus
algae and, 45, 49, 53, 62
in food webs/chains, 196
zooplankton and, 97-98, 101-102, 105
Phosphorus deficiency index (POI), 49, 53
Photosynthates, 45-46, 66
lipid metabolism and reallocation and,
47-57
Photosynthesis, 47-49
parameters of, 57-58
production efficiency parameter in, 6062
Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR),
46,48, 54-55~ 58, 75, 77f
Phytoplankton, 73-74, 223, 277
Picked dogfish, 188t
Pike, 283t, 284
northern, see Esox lucius
Plaice, 188t
Plasmalogens, 285-286
Plateau border, 242
Plecoglossus altivelis, 273t
Pleuronectes platessa, 188t
Poecilia latipinna, 147
Poecilia reticulata, 220
Polar lipids
contaminants and, 211
in marine versus freshwater organisms,
266,270,278-279,285
in water-surface microlayers and foam,
249-250
Pollachius pollachius, 188t
Pollachius virens, 188t
Pollack, 188t
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), 147-148,
152,208,213,221-222,224,269
Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, 224
Polychlorinated dibenzofurans, 224
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH),
213,221,269
fatty acids and, 25, 28, 30-32
in water-surface microlayers, 248, 251252
Pavlova lutheri, 178t
PCB, see Polychlorinated biphenyls
PCP, see Pentachlorophenol
Peak splitting, 11-12
Pecten maximus, 188t
Penaeus esculentus, see Tiger prawn
Penaeus japonicus, 266
Penaeus kerathurus, 266, 274t
Penaeus monodon, 268, 282
Pentachlorophenol (PCP), 207,
215
Pentose phosphate pathway, 46
Perea jlavescens, see Yellow perch
Percajluviatilis, 151
Perch
white, 136
yellow, 134-135, 137, 142
Peridinium cinctum, 24t
Peridinium willei, 26
Peridinopsis penardii, 26
Periphyton, 78
Pesticides, 147-148, 152,215
Petroleum hydrocarbons, 78, 248-249,
251
pH, 152,207
Phaeodactylumpt ricomutum, 178t
Phoca hispida, see Ringed seal
Phoca vitulina, see Harbor seal
Phosphatidylcholine
in algae, 23
in aquatic samples, 5f
in fish, 135, 152
in food webs/chains, 165
in marine versus freshwater organisms,
269-270
structure of, 264f
in zooplankton, 94
Phosphatidylethanolamine
in algae, 23
in fish, 152
in food webs/chains, 165
in marine versus freshwater organisms,
266,269-270
structure of, 264f
Phosphatidylglycerol, 23
Phosphatidylinositol, 23, 165
Phosphatidylserine, 23
Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA), 30
Phospholipids
in algae, 23
Index
315
in aquatic samples, 4-5
in benthic invertebrates, 117-119
contaminants and, 148, 211, 215
in fish, 133-134, 147-148, 186, 189,
193
in food webs/chains, 165, 170-171,
176,180-181,186,189,193-195
irradiance and, 48, 49, 55-57
in marine versus freshwater organisms,
265-266,272,278-279,282,285
reallocation among, 55-57
in water-surface microlayers and foam,
248-251
in zooplankton, 71, 78, 94, 180-181
Phosphorus
algae and, 45, 49, 53, 62
in food webs/chains, 196
zooplankton and, 97-98, 101-102, 105
Phosphorus deficiency index (POI), 49, 53
Photosynthates, 45-46, 66
lipid metabolism and reallocation and,
47-57
Photosynthesis, 47-49
parameters of, 57-58
production efficiency parameter in, 6062
Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR),
46,48, 54-55~ 58, 75, 77f
Phytoplankton, 73-74, 223, 277
Picked dogfish, 188t
Pike, 283t, 284
northern, see Esox lucius
Plaice, 188t
Plasmalogens, 285-286
Plateau border, 242
Plecoglossus altivelis, 273t
Pleuronectes platessa, 188t
Poecilia latipinna, 147
Poecilia reticulata, 220
Polar lipids
contaminants and, 211
in marine versus freshwater organisms,
266,270,278-279,285
in water-surface microlayers and foam,
249-250
Pollachius pollachius, 188t
Pollachius virens, 188t
Pollack, 188t
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), 147-148,
152,208,213,221-222,224,269
Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, 224
Polychlorinated dibenzofurans, 224
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH),
213,221,269