228
P.E Landrum and S.w. Fisher
Connell, D.W. Bioaccumulation behavior of persistent organic chemicals with aquatic
organisms. Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 101:117-154; 1988.
Cravedi, J.P.; Tulliez, J. Metabolism of n-alkanes and their incorporation into lipids in
rainbow trout. Environ. Res. 39: 180-187; 1986.
de Boer, J. Chlorobiphenyls in bound and non-bound lipids of fishes: comparison of
different extraction methods. Chemosphere 17: 1803-1810; 1988.
DiPinto, L.M.; Coull, B.C.; Chandler, G.T. Lethal and sublethal effects of sedimentassociated PCB Arochlor 1254 on a meiobenthic copepod. Environ. Toxicol. Chern.
12:1909-1918; 1993.
DiToro, D.M.; Zarba, C.S.; Hansen, D.J.; Berry, W.J.; Swartz, R.c.; Cowan, C.E.; Pavlou,
S.P.; Allen, H.E.; Thomas, N.A.; Paquin, P.R. Technical basis for establishing sediment
quality criteria for nonionic organic chemicals by using equilibrium partitioning. Environ. Toxicol. Chern. 12:1541-1583; 199t:
Ellis, G.S.; Huckins, J.N.; Rostad, C.E.; Schmitt, C.J.; Petty, J.D.; MacCarthy, P. Evaluation of lipid-containing semipermeable membrane devices for monitoring organochlorine contaminants in the Upper Mississippi River. Environ. Toxicol. Chern.
14:1875-1884; 1995.
Ewald, G. Role of lipids in the fate of organochlorine compounds in aquatic ecosystems.
Doctoral dissertation, Department of Ecology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; 1996.
Ewald, G.; Larsson, P. Partitioning of 14C-labelled 2,2', 4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl between
water and fish lipids. Environ. Toxicol. Chern. 13:1577-1580; 1994.
Fisher, S.W.; Gossiaux, D.C.; Bruner, K.A.; Landrum, P.E Investigations of the toxicokinetics of hydrophobic contaminants in the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha). In:
Nalepa, T.E; Schloesser, D.W., eds. Zebra Mussels: Biology, Impacts and Control. Boca
Raton, FL: CRC Press; 1993:p. 453-464.
FoIch, J.; Lees, M.; Cloane Stanley, G .H. A simple method for the isolation and purification
of total lipids from animal tissues. J. BioI. Chern. 226:497-509; 1957.
Gardner, W.S.; Landrum, P.E; Chandler, J.E Lipid-partitioning and disposition of benzo(a)pyrene and hexachlrorbiphenyl in Lake Michigan, Pontoporeia hoyi. Environ. Toxicol. Chern. 10:35-46; 1990.
Gardner, W.S.; Frez, w.A.; Cichocki, E.A.; Parrish, c.c. Micromethod for lipids in aquatic
invertebrates. Limnol. Oceanogr. 30:1100-1105; 1985.
Geyer, H.J.; Scheunert, 1.; Bruggeman, R.; Matthies, M.; Steinberg, c.E.w.; Zitko, Y.;
Kettrup, A.; Garrison, W. The relevance of aquatic organisms lipid content to the toxicity
oflipophilic chemicals: toxicity oflindane to different fish species. Ecotoxicol. Environ.
Safety 28:53-70; 1994.
Geyer, H.J.; Scheunert, 1.; Rapp, K.; Gebefugi, I.; Steinberg, c.; Kettrup, A. The relevance
of fat content in toxicity of lipophilic chemicals to terrestrial animals with special
reference to dieldrin and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Ecotoxicol. Environ.
Safety 26:45-60; 1993.
Gobas, EA.P.C.; Mackay, D. Dynamics of hydrophobic organic chemical bioconcentration
in fish. Environ. Toxicol. Chern. 6:495-504; 1987.
Gobas, EA.P.C.; Zhang, X.; Wells, R. Gastrointestinal magnification: the mechanism of
biomagnification and food chain accumulation of organic chemicals. Environ. Sci. Technol. 27:2855-2864; 1993a.
Gobas, EA.P.C.; McCorquodale, J.R.; Haffner, G.D. Intestinal absorption and biomagnification of organochlorines. Environ. Toxicol. Chern. 12:567-577; 1993b.
Gobas, EA.P.C.; McNeil, E.J.; Lovett-Doust, L.; Haffner, G.D. Bioconcentration of chlori-
P.E Landrum and S.w. Fisher
Connell, D.W. Bioaccumulation behavior of persistent organic chemicals with aquatic
organisms. Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 101:117-154; 1988.
Cravedi, J.P.; Tulliez, J. Metabolism of n-alkanes and their incorporation into lipids in
rainbow trout. Environ. Res. 39: 180-187; 1986.
de Boer, J. Chlorobiphenyls in bound and non-bound lipids of fishes: comparison of
different extraction methods. Chemosphere 17: 1803-1810; 1988.
DiPinto, L.M.; Coull, B.C.; Chandler, G.T. Lethal and sublethal effects of sedimentassociated PCB Arochlor 1254 on a meiobenthic copepod. Environ. Toxicol. Chern.
12:1909-1918; 1993.
DiToro, D.M.; Zarba, C.S.; Hansen, D.J.; Berry, W.J.; Swartz, R.c.; Cowan, C.E.; Pavlou,
S.P.; Allen, H.E.; Thomas, N.A.; Paquin, P.R. Technical basis for establishing sediment
quality criteria for nonionic organic chemicals by using equilibrium partitioning. Environ. Toxicol. Chern. 12:1541-1583; 199t:
Ellis, G.S.; Huckins, J.N.; Rostad, C.E.; Schmitt, C.J.; Petty, J.D.; MacCarthy, P. Evaluation of lipid-containing semipermeable membrane devices for monitoring organochlorine contaminants in the Upper Mississippi River. Environ. Toxicol. Chern.
14:1875-1884; 1995.
Ewald, G. Role of lipids in the fate of organochlorine compounds in aquatic ecosystems.
Doctoral dissertation, Department of Ecology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; 1996.
Ewald, G.; Larsson, P. Partitioning of 14C-labelled 2,2', 4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl between
water and fish lipids. Environ. Toxicol. Chern. 13:1577-1580; 1994.
Fisher, S.W.; Gossiaux, D.C.; Bruner, K.A.; Landrum, P.E Investigations of the toxicokinetics of hydrophobic contaminants in the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha). In:
Nalepa, T.E; Schloesser, D.W., eds. Zebra Mussels: Biology, Impacts and Control. Boca
Raton, FL: CRC Press; 1993:p. 453-464.
FoIch, J.; Lees, M.; Cloane Stanley, G .H. A simple method for the isolation and purification
of total lipids from animal tissues. J. BioI. Chern. 226:497-509; 1957.
Gardner, W.S.; Landrum, P.E; Chandler, J.E Lipid-partitioning and disposition of benzo(a)pyrene and hexachlrorbiphenyl in Lake Michigan, Pontoporeia hoyi. Environ. Toxicol. Chern. 10:35-46; 1990.
Gardner, W.S.; Frez, w.A.; Cichocki, E.A.; Parrish, c.c. Micromethod for lipids in aquatic
invertebrates. Limnol. Oceanogr. 30:1100-1105; 1985.
Geyer, H.J.; Scheunert, 1.; Bruggeman, R.; Matthies, M.; Steinberg, c.E.w.; Zitko, Y.;
Kettrup, A.; Garrison, W. The relevance of aquatic organisms lipid content to the toxicity
oflipophilic chemicals: toxicity oflindane to different fish species. Ecotoxicol. Environ.
Safety 28:53-70; 1994.
Geyer, H.J.; Scheunert, 1.; Rapp, K.; Gebefugi, I.; Steinberg, c.; Kettrup, A. The relevance
of fat content in toxicity of lipophilic chemicals to terrestrial animals with special
reference to dieldrin and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Ecotoxicol. Environ.
Safety 26:45-60; 1993.
Gobas, EA.P.C.; Mackay, D. Dynamics of hydrophobic organic chemical bioconcentration
in fish. Environ. Toxicol. Chern. 6:495-504; 1987.
Gobas, EA.P.C.; Zhang, X.; Wells, R. Gastrointestinal magnification: the mechanism of
biomagnification and food chain accumulation of organic chemicals. Environ. Sci. Technol. 27:2855-2864; 1993a.
Gobas, EA.P.C.; McCorquodale, J.R.; Haffner, G.D. Intestinal absorption and biomagnification of organochlorines. Environ. Toxicol. Chern. 12:567-577; 1993b.
Gobas, EA.P.C.; McNeil, E.J.; Lovett-Doust, L.; Haffner, G.D. Bioconcentration of chlori-