231
Dillard RD, Bach NJ, Draheim SE, Berry DR, Carlson DG, Chirgadze NY, Clawson DK, Hartley
LW, Johnson LM, Jones ND, McKinney ER, Mihelich ED, Olkowski JL, Schevitz RW, Smith
AC, Snyder DW, Sommers CD, Wery JP (1996) Indole inhibitors of human nonpancreatic
secretory phospholipase A2. 1. Indole-3-acetamides. J Med Chem 39:5119–5136. doi:10.1021/
jm960485v
Escrig V, Ubeda A, Ferrandiz ML, Darias J, Sanchez JM, Alcaraz MJ, Paya M (1997) Variabilin:
a dual inhibitor of human secretory and cytosolic phospholipase A2 with anti-inflammatory
activity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 282:123–131
Farooqui AA, Horrocks LA, Farooqui T, (2000) Glycerophospholipids in brain: their metabolism,
incorporation into membranes, functions, and involvement in neurological disorders. Chem
Phys Lipids 106: 1–29. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-3084(00)00128-6
Flower RJ (2003) The development of COX2 inhibitors. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2:179–191.
doi:10.1038/nrd1034
Furst R, Zundorf I (2014) Plant-derived anti-inflammatory compounds: hopes and disappointments regarding the translation of preclinical knowledge into clinical progress. Mediat Inflamm
Article ID 146832, 9 pages. doi:10.1155/2014/146832
Garcia-Pastor P, Randazzo A, Gomez-Paloma L, Alcaraz MJ, Paya M (1999) Effects of petrosaspongiolide M, a novel phospholipase A2 inhibitor, on acute and chronic inflammation.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 289:166–172
Gelb MH, Jain MK, Berg OG (1994) Inhibition of phospholipase A2. FASEB J 8(12):916–924
Habeeb AG, Rao PPN, Knaus EE (2000) Design and syntheses of diarylisoxazoles: novel inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) with analgesic-antiinflammatory activity. Drug Dev Res
51(4):273–286. doi:10.1002/ddr.9
Habeeb AG, Rao PPN, Knaus EE (2001) Design and synthesis of 4,5-Diphenyl-4-isoxazolines:
novel inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 with analgesic and antiinflammatory activity. J Med
Chem 44(18):2921–2927. doi:10.1021/jm0101287
Hansford KA, Reid RC, Clark CI, Tyndall JDA, Whitehouse MW, Guthrie T, McGeary RP,
Schafer K, Martin JL, Fairlie DP (2003) D-tyrosine as a chiral precursor to potent inhibitors
of human nonpancreatic secretory phospholipase A2 (Imia) with antiinflammatory activity.
Chembiochem 4:181–185. doi:10.1002/cbic.200390029
Hofmann B, Steinhilber D (2013) 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors: a review of recent patents (2010–
2012). Expert Opin Ther Pat B:895–909. doi:10.1517/13543776.2013.791678
Kang JH, Zheng T, Mr M, Js S, Lee J, Ke D, Hong S, Cui M, Choi S, Hw C, Hy PC, Yim M (2015)
5-lipoxygenase inhibitors suppress RANKL-induced osteoclast formation via NFATc1 expression. Bioorg Med Chem 23:7069–7078. doi:10.1016/j.bmc. 2015.09.025
Kim HH, Kim DH, Kim MH, Oh MH, Kim SR, Park KJ, Lee MW (2013) Flavonoid constituents
in the leaves of Myrica rubra Sieb. Et Zucc. With anti-inflammatory activity. Arch Pharm Res
36:1533–1540. doi:10.1007/s12272-013-0147-x
Leone S, Ottani A, Bertolini A (2007) Dual acting anti-inflammatory drugs. Curr Top Med Chem
7:265–275
Li CS, Brideau C, Chan CC, Savoie C, Claveau D, Charleson S, Gordon R, Greig G, Gauthier JY,
Lau CK, Riendeau D, Thérien M, Wong E, Prasit P (2003) Pyridazinones as selective cyclooxygenase- 2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 13:597–600. doi:10.1016/S0960-894X(02)01045-4
Mayer AM (1989) Manoalide: a new phospholipase A2 inhibitor of marine origin with potential
immunoregulatory effect. Med (B Aires) 49:175–180
Medzhitov R (2008) Origin and physiological roles of inflammation. Nature 454:428–435.
doi:10.1038/nature07201
Meirer K, Steinhilber D, Proschak E (2014) Inhibitors of the arachidonic acid cascade: interfering
with multiple pathways. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 114:83–91. doi:10.1111/bcpt.12134
Montuschi P, Sala A, Dahlén SE, Folco G (2007) Pharmacological modulation of the leukotriene pathway in allergic airway disease. Drug Discov Today 12:404–412. doi:10.1016/j.
drudis.2007.03.004
9 Anti-inflammatory Molecules: Enzyme Inhibitors
Dillard RD, Bach NJ, Draheim SE, Berry DR, Carlson DG, Chirgadze NY, Clawson DK, Hartley
LW, Johnson LM, Jones ND, McKinney ER, Mihelich ED, Olkowski JL, Schevitz RW, Smith
AC, Snyder DW, Sommers CD, Wery JP (1996) Indole inhibitors of human nonpancreatic
secretory phospholipase A2. 1. Indole-3-acetamides. J Med Chem 39:5119–5136. doi:10.1021/
jm960485v
Escrig V, Ubeda A, Ferrandiz ML, Darias J, Sanchez JM, Alcaraz MJ, Paya M (1997) Variabilin:
a dual inhibitor of human secretory and cytosolic phospholipase A2 with anti-inflammatory
activity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 282:123–131
Farooqui AA, Horrocks LA, Farooqui T, (2000) Glycerophospholipids in brain: their metabolism,
incorporation into membranes, functions, and involvement in neurological disorders. Chem
Phys Lipids 106: 1–29. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-3084(00)00128-6
Flower RJ (2003) The development of COX2 inhibitors. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2:179–191.
doi:10.1038/nrd1034
Furst R, Zundorf I (2014) Plant-derived anti-inflammatory compounds: hopes and disappointments regarding the translation of preclinical knowledge into clinical progress. Mediat Inflamm
Article ID 146832, 9 pages. doi:10.1155/2014/146832
Garcia-Pastor P, Randazzo A, Gomez-Paloma L, Alcaraz MJ, Paya M (1999) Effects of petrosaspongiolide M, a novel phospholipase A2 inhibitor, on acute and chronic inflammation.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 289:166–172
Gelb MH, Jain MK, Berg OG (1994) Inhibition of phospholipase A2. FASEB J 8(12):916–924
Habeeb AG, Rao PPN, Knaus EE (2000) Design and syntheses of diarylisoxazoles: novel inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) with analgesic-antiinflammatory activity. Drug Dev Res
51(4):273–286. doi:10.1002/ddr.9
Habeeb AG, Rao PPN, Knaus EE (2001) Design and synthesis of 4,5-Diphenyl-4-isoxazolines:
novel inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 with analgesic and antiinflammatory activity. J Med
Chem 44(18):2921–2927. doi:10.1021/jm0101287
Hansford KA, Reid RC, Clark CI, Tyndall JDA, Whitehouse MW, Guthrie T, McGeary RP,
Schafer K, Martin JL, Fairlie DP (2003) D-tyrosine as a chiral precursor to potent inhibitors
of human nonpancreatic secretory phospholipase A2 (Imia) with antiinflammatory activity.
Chembiochem 4:181–185. doi:10.1002/cbic.200390029
Hofmann B, Steinhilber D (2013) 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors: a review of recent patents (2010–
2012). Expert Opin Ther Pat B:895–909. doi:10.1517/13543776.2013.791678
Kang JH, Zheng T, Mr M, Js S, Lee J, Ke D, Hong S, Cui M, Choi S, Hw C, Hy PC, Yim M (2015)
5-lipoxygenase inhibitors suppress RANKL-induced osteoclast formation via NFATc1 expression. Bioorg Med Chem 23:7069–7078. doi:10.1016/j.bmc. 2015.09.025
Kim HH, Kim DH, Kim MH, Oh MH, Kim SR, Park KJ, Lee MW (2013) Flavonoid constituents
in the leaves of Myrica rubra Sieb. Et Zucc. With anti-inflammatory activity. Arch Pharm Res
36:1533–1540. doi:10.1007/s12272-013-0147-x
Leone S, Ottani A, Bertolini A (2007) Dual acting anti-inflammatory drugs. Curr Top Med Chem
7:265–275
Li CS, Brideau C, Chan CC, Savoie C, Claveau D, Charleson S, Gordon R, Greig G, Gauthier JY,
Lau CK, Riendeau D, Thérien M, Wong E, Prasit P (2003) Pyridazinones as selective cyclooxygenase- 2 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 13:597–600. doi:10.1016/S0960-894X(02)01045-4
Mayer AM (1989) Manoalide: a new phospholipase A2 inhibitor of marine origin with potential
immunoregulatory effect. Med (B Aires) 49:175–180
Medzhitov R (2008) Origin and physiological roles of inflammation. Nature 454:428–435.
doi:10.1038/nature07201
Meirer K, Steinhilber D, Proschak E (2014) Inhibitors of the arachidonic acid cascade: interfering
with multiple pathways. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 114:83–91. doi:10.1111/bcpt.12134
Montuschi P, Sala A, Dahlén SE, Folco G (2007) Pharmacological modulation of the leukotriene pathway in allergic airway disease. Drug Discov Today 12:404–412. doi:10.1016/j.
drudis.2007.03.004
9 Anti-inflammatory Molecules: Enzyme Inhibitors