318
Index
Population (continued)
effective population size, 227, 230,
239, 242–245, 262–267, 278, 283
Potential biological removal parameter,
102, 103, 106
Power (statistical), 3, 4, 7–23, 31, 32–35,
36, 113, 115, 117, 123
Predation, 31, 32, 36, 54, 60, 119, 157,
163, 176, 189, 190, 191, 192, 231,
259, 275, 282, 298
Probability, 149, 200, 201, 204, 205, 206,
207, 208, 211, 223; see also Critical level; Frequency; Matrix
models for population growth,
transition; Reproduction; Risk
analysis; Runs test; Statistical
distribution; Survival
conditional, 3, 4, 6, 9, 49, 87, 129, 130,
132, 136, 137, 207, 212, 217; see
also Matrix models for population
growth
density function, 4, 10, 13, 29, 36, 68,
69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 87–93, 99, 181
cumulative, 61, 65, 70, 71, 73, 84,
110, 136, 209
normalized, 69
geometric distribution, 200, 209, 215,
216, 217, 218
joint likelihood, 112
maximum likelihood estimation, 29, 33,
37, 89
predicted probability surface, 34, 42
prior distribution, 6, 112, 113, 132, 138
probit, 29, 30, 33, 34, 35, 36
relative, 20, 43, 49
subjective, 144
Productivity parameter, 101, 102, 112
Protected species, 20; see also Conservation status; Policy; Reserves
PVA (population viability analysis), 27,
28, 73, 128, 133–145, 157, 169–
185, 199–225, 216–225, 241, 245,
267, 291, 292
Receiver operating characteristic curve,
49, 50, 51, 52
Recovery
habitat, 118, 137, 174, 178, 179, 183,
192
time to recovery, 118, 137, 174, 176,
178, 183
population/species, 27, 28, 68, 101–
103, 106, 107, 114, 118, 120–122,
124, 127, 156–159, 164, 178, 180,
239, 292
time to recovery, 68, 69, 101, 102,
114, 115, 119, 120–122, 148,
156–159, 192
Regulation, see also Management; Policy;
Trade
conservation, 127, 128, 139, 144
harvesting, 102, 123, 127, 259; see also
CLA; Harvesting; Potential biologial removal parameter; TED;
Trade, restrictions
aquatic resources, 66, 101, 109–124
moratorium, 111, 114, 115, 117, 119,
121, 124
introduction of exotic species, 61, 62,
80, 83–87, 90, 93, 259; see also
Policy, exotic species
Reintroduction, 63, 196, 208, 209, 233,
240, 242, 259, 265, 266
Reproduction, 268, 279; see also Captive
breeding; Fecundity; Sex ratio;
Stage, maturity
birth, 101, 153, 154, 193
cooperative, 152, 159, 161
harems, 264
nonrandom mating, 228–230, 234, 235,
241, 244, 260, 264, 265, 266, 274
random mating, 128, 201, 210, 228,
241, 242, 274, 277, 278, 279
selfing, 241, 267, 269
sites, 81, 157, 158, 159, 160, 173–184,
191, 193, 215, 234, 245
natal stream, 68, 69, 73
stage-/age-specific, 149, 153, 154, 158,
162, 165, 242
success rate, 31, 40, 73, 79, 115, 120,
152, 171, 174, 175, 193–195,
202–225, 228–232, 241, 243, 245,
259, 262, 263, 283; see also Fecundity; Genetics, fitness
spawning, 67, 68, 73, 133–145, 161
variation, 156, 159, 165, 188, 190–195,
243, 244, 260
Reserves, 24, 28, 31, 39, 74, 78, 119, 124,
129, 139, 245
design, 45, 49, 240, 244, 291–305
SLOSS, 292, 299
Resolution, see Data; Model,
discrimination
Risk analysis, see also Extinction; Genetics; Impact; Management, decisions, risk-based; Management,
Index
Population (continued)
effective population size, 227, 230,
239, 242–245, 262–267, 278, 283
Potential biological removal parameter,
102, 103, 106
Power (statistical), 3, 4, 7–23, 31, 32–35,
36, 113, 115, 117, 123
Predation, 31, 32, 36, 54, 60, 119, 157,
163, 176, 189, 190, 191, 192, 231,
259, 275, 282, 298
Probability, 149, 200, 201, 204, 205, 206,
207, 208, 211, 223; see also Critical level; Frequency; Matrix
models for population growth,
transition; Reproduction; Risk
analysis; Runs test; Statistical
distribution; Survival
conditional, 3, 4, 6, 9, 49, 87, 129, 130,
132, 136, 137, 207, 212, 217; see
also Matrix models for population
growth
density function, 4, 10, 13, 29, 36, 68,
69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 87–93, 99, 181
cumulative, 61, 65, 70, 71, 73, 84,
110, 136, 209
normalized, 69
geometric distribution, 200, 209, 215,
216, 217, 218
joint likelihood, 112
maximum likelihood estimation, 29, 33,
37, 89
predicted probability surface, 34, 42
prior distribution, 6, 112, 113, 132, 138
probit, 29, 30, 33, 34, 35, 36
relative, 20, 43, 49
subjective, 144
Productivity parameter, 101, 102, 112
Protected species, 20; see also Conservation status; Policy; Reserves
PVA (population viability analysis), 27,
28, 73, 128, 133–145, 157, 169–
185, 199–225, 216–225, 241, 245,
267, 291, 292
Receiver operating characteristic curve,
49, 50, 51, 52
Recovery
habitat, 118, 137, 174, 178, 179, 183,
192
time to recovery, 118, 137, 174, 176,
178, 183
population/species, 27, 28, 68, 101–
103, 106, 107, 114, 118, 120–122,
124, 127, 156–159, 164, 178, 180,
239, 292
time to recovery, 68, 69, 101, 102,
114, 115, 119, 120–122, 148,
156–159, 192
Regulation, see also Management; Policy;
Trade
conservation, 127, 128, 139, 144
harvesting, 102, 123, 127, 259; see also
CLA; Harvesting; Potential biologial removal parameter; TED;
Trade, restrictions
aquatic resources, 66, 101, 109–124
moratorium, 111, 114, 115, 117, 119,
121, 124
introduction of exotic species, 61, 62,
80, 83–87, 90, 93, 259; see also
Policy, exotic species
Reintroduction, 63, 196, 208, 209, 233,
240, 242, 259, 265, 266
Reproduction, 268, 279; see also Captive
breeding; Fecundity; Sex ratio;
Stage, maturity
birth, 101, 153, 154, 193
cooperative, 152, 159, 161
harems, 264
nonrandom mating, 228–230, 234, 235,
241, 244, 260, 264, 265, 266, 274
random mating, 128, 201, 210, 228,
241, 242, 274, 277, 278, 279
selfing, 241, 267, 269
sites, 81, 157, 158, 159, 160, 173–184,
191, 193, 215, 234, 245
natal stream, 68, 69, 73
stage-/age-specific, 149, 153, 154, 158,
162, 165, 242
success rate, 31, 40, 73, 79, 115, 120,
152, 171, 174, 175, 193–195,
202–225, 228–232, 241, 243, 245,
259, 262, 263, 283; see also Fecundity; Genetics, fitness
spawning, 67, 68, 73, 133–145, 161
variation, 156, 159, 165, 188, 190–195,
243, 244, 260
Reserves, 24, 28, 31, 39, 74, 78, 119, 124,
129, 139, 245
design, 45, 49, 240, 244, 291–305
SLOSS, 292, 299
Resolution, see Data; Model,
discrimination
Risk analysis, see also Extinction; Genetics; Impact; Management, decisions, risk-based; Management,