Index
315
stage-based, 148–165, 171–185; see
also Stage
stochastic, 149–165, 172, 174, 175,
181, 199–219
substochastic, 207, 217, 224, 225
time step, 149–156, 161, 163, 165, 171,
177, 178, 180, 183, 201–225
transition, 149–154, 159, 161, 164, 192,
205, 207, 216, 224
probability, 149–155, 160, 161, 165,
174, 201
replacement individuals, 201–225
variable dependence, 149, 157, 159
transposition, 152
McKendrick-von Foerster equation, 188
Migration, 59, 60, 64 –74, 84, 88, 117,
152, 171, 179, 180, 189, 190, 208,
232, 239, 240, 242, 245, 259, 260,
265; see also Dispersal
Mining, 25, 127, 128, 139
Model, see also CLA; Decision, trees;
Habitat, models; Matrix models for
population growth; PVA; Power
distribution; Probability; Risk analysis; Sensitivity analysis; Statistical distribution; Variable, selection
accuracy, 19, 23, 49, 87, 92, 111, 149,
157, 181, 182, 183, 185, 218
analysing output, 23, 44, 53, 66, 93,
200
qualitatively, 51, 54, 149, 154, 155,
158, 164, 165, 199, 204, 216, 218,
260, 262, 285
uncertainty, 51, 196, 278
assumptions, 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 23, 29, 36,
45, 69, 103, 115, 130, 139, 179,
183, 185, 192, 196, 200, 209, 217,
218, 243, 287; see also Data, limitations; Model, ecological realism;
Model, population growth; Sample, bias; VariableUncertaiinty
mild, 19, 201, 205, 212
population dynamics, 5, 7, 112, 119,
152, 171–185, 188, 189; see also
Behavior; Competition;
Demographic patterns; Density dependence; Equilibrium; Feeding,
modeling; Migration; Physiology
modeling; Population, change; Reproduction; Survival; Vital rates
statistical, 1, 3, 29, 32, 42, 44, 49,
52, 64, 67, 87–93, 96, 98, 102,
112–114, 128, 133, 188, 200, 213,
218
variable correlation, 27–37, 44, 48,
54, 104, 165, 177; see also
Correlation
complexity, 4, 44, 49, 52, 84, 129,
132, 133, 141, 144, 149–161, 174,
189, 190, 196, 197, 199, 211, 216,
267, 278, 294 –299, 302, 303,
305
deterministic, 15, 156, 201, 214, 241,
279, 280, 281, 282, 283; see also
Matrix models for population
growth
discrimination, 7–23, 29, 31, 32, 34,
35, 44, 49–53, 73, 88, 182; see
also Power distribution
scale of data resolution, 7, 12, 13, 14,
43, 50, 51, 53, 73, 136, 298
ecological realism, 28, 31, 37, 42, 45,
53, 64, 66, 68, 88, 111, 136, 145,
160, 173, 179, 189–197, 199, 200,
207–216, 259–261, 268, 276, 288,
292; see also Ecosystem, complexity, modeling
catastrophe, 176, 178, 179, 183
habitat condition, 41, 54, 128, 130–
145, 174, 178, 179, 180, 183, 184,
191
limited resources, 81, 122, 189–197
extinction risk, 1–6, 7–23, 27–37, 118,
133, 152, 169–185, 199–219, 262,
274 –288; see also BPs; Extinction; PVA
flexibility, 64, 114, 152, 214, 297, 298,
303, 304
mechanistic, 64, 145, 191, 196, 197
number of iterations, 10, 12, 31, 48, 66,
92, 104, 115, 123, 136, 177, 178,
179, 183, 205, 283, 286, 297
population growth, 7, 12, 29, 65, 66,
69, 71, 96–107, 113, 121, 131,
135, 136, 144, 148, 152, 153, 160,
161, 180, 242, 275, 276, 278, 283,
287; see also Matrix models for
population growth; Population,
change;
asymptotic, 148, 149, 154, 177, 205–
225
ceiling, 171, 175, 178, 179, 215
diffusion approximations, 218
growth parameter, 101–106, 112,
136, 153, 210, 212, 216, 276, 286,
287
individual-based, 149, 150–152, 157,
171, 174, 188–197, 199–219, 287;
315
stage-based, 148–165, 171–185; see
also Stage
stochastic, 149–165, 172, 174, 175,
181, 199–219
substochastic, 207, 217, 224, 225
time step, 149–156, 161, 163, 165, 171,
177, 178, 180, 183, 201–225
transition, 149–154, 159, 161, 164, 192,
205, 207, 216, 224
probability, 149–155, 160, 161, 165,
174, 201
replacement individuals, 201–225
variable dependence, 149, 157, 159
transposition, 152
McKendrick-von Foerster equation, 188
Migration, 59, 60, 64 –74, 84, 88, 117,
152, 171, 179, 180, 189, 190, 208,
232, 239, 240, 242, 245, 259, 260,
265; see also Dispersal
Mining, 25, 127, 128, 139
Model, see also CLA; Decision, trees;
Habitat, models; Matrix models for
population growth; PVA; Power
distribution; Probability; Risk analysis; Sensitivity analysis; Statistical distribution; Variable, selection
accuracy, 19, 23, 49, 87, 92, 111, 149,
157, 181, 182, 183, 185, 218
analysing output, 23, 44, 53, 66, 93,
200
qualitatively, 51, 54, 149, 154, 155,
158, 164, 165, 199, 204, 216, 218,
260, 262, 285
uncertainty, 51, 196, 278
assumptions, 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 23, 29, 36,
45, 69, 103, 115, 130, 139, 179,
183, 185, 192, 196, 200, 209, 217,
218, 243, 287; see also Data, limitations; Model, ecological realism;
Model, population growth; Sample, bias; VariableUncertaiinty
mild, 19, 201, 205, 212
population dynamics, 5, 7, 112, 119,
152, 171–185, 188, 189; see also
Behavior; Competition;
Demographic patterns; Density dependence; Equilibrium; Feeding,
modeling; Migration; Physiology
modeling; Population, change; Reproduction; Survival; Vital rates
statistical, 1, 3, 29, 32, 42, 44, 49,
52, 64, 67, 87–93, 96, 98, 102,
112–114, 128, 133, 188, 200, 213,
218
variable correlation, 27–37, 44, 48,
54, 104, 165, 177; see also
Correlation
complexity, 4, 44, 49, 52, 84, 129,
132, 133, 141, 144, 149–161, 174,
189, 190, 196, 197, 199, 211, 216,
267, 278, 294 –299, 302, 303,
305
deterministic, 15, 156, 201, 214, 241,
279, 280, 281, 282, 283; see also
Matrix models for population
growth
discrimination, 7–23, 29, 31, 32, 34,
35, 44, 49–53, 73, 88, 182; see
also Power distribution
scale of data resolution, 7, 12, 13, 14,
43, 50, 51, 53, 73, 136, 298
ecological realism, 28, 31, 37, 42, 45,
53, 64, 66, 68, 88, 111, 136, 145,
160, 173, 179, 189–197, 199, 200,
207–216, 259–261, 268, 276, 288,
292; see also Ecosystem, complexity, modeling
catastrophe, 176, 178, 179, 183
habitat condition, 41, 54, 128, 130–
145, 174, 178, 179, 180, 183, 184,
191
limited resources, 81, 122, 189–197
extinction risk, 1–6, 7–23, 27–37, 118,
133, 152, 169–185, 199–219, 262,
274 –288; see also BPs; Extinction; PVA
flexibility, 64, 114, 152, 214, 297, 298,
303, 304
mechanistic, 64, 145, 191, 196, 197
number of iterations, 10, 12, 31, 48, 66,
92, 104, 115, 123, 136, 177, 178,
179, 183, 205, 283, 286, 297
population growth, 7, 12, 29, 65, 66,
69, 71, 96–107, 113, 121, 131,
135, 136, 144, 148, 152, 153, 160,
161, 180, 242, 275, 276, 278, 283,
287; see also Matrix models for
population growth; Population,
change;
asymptotic, 148, 149, 154, 177, 205–
225
ceiling, 171, 175, 178, 179, 215
diffusion approximations, 218
growth parameter, 101–106, 112,
136, 153, 210, 212, 216, 276, 286,
287
individual-based, 149, 150–152, 157,
171, 174, 188–197, 199–219, 287;