312
Index
Genetics (continued)
population delineation, 28, 116, 117,
226, 232–235, 238, 239, 240, 243,
244
quantitative genetic variation, 227, 228,
230, 260, 261, 263, 264, 268, 288
phenotype variation, 227, 241, 244,
261, 263
selection, 227–232, 240–242, 259, 260,
274, 276–279, 286
artificial, 231, 260, 261, 265, 266
coefficient, 275, 278, 287
purging, 229, 265, 275, 282, 285,
287
GLM, 29, 37, 40–54
Government, see Management, agencies;
NGOs; Policy
Gower metric, 42
Grimson’s equation, 9–19
Growth, individual, 79, 112, 122, 153,
193, 228; see also Age; Stage
matrix models, 148–165, 177
Habitat, 137, 291; see also Ecosystem;
Forest; Recovery; Variation,
environmental
degradation, 1, 6, 7, 8, 20, 21, 24, 25,
59, 60, 128, 137, 138, 139, 144,
163, 176, 178, 179, 192, 292, 303;
see also Catastrophe; Forest, forestry; Impact, habitat degradation
deforestation, 8, 30, 37
fragmented, 24, 25, 26, 28, 37, 128,
298, 300
patch arrangement, 28, 40, 114, 116,
120, 123, 172, 175, 189, 190, 196,
218, 245, 292, 298–300; see also
Islands; Population, structure,
spatial
population isolation, 24, 25, 26, 31,
117, 128, 152, 226, 229, 232, 233,
240–245, 259
improvement, 138, 160, 164, 174, 178,
179, 180, 192, 240, 259; see also
Recovery
index, 42, 43
Habitat suitability indices, 40, 41
measurement, 7, 8, 15, 21, 22, 29, 39–
54, 69, 73, 117, 129, 136–138,
173, 190, 192; see also Habitat, index; Habitat model; Variation,
environmental
models, see also ANUCLIM; Bioclimatic envelope; CCA; Climate, modeling; Decision, trees; DOMAIN;
GAM; GARP; GLM; Habitat, index; Model, ecological realism;
Neural networks; Reserves, Design
comparison, 39–54
matrix, 293, 295, 296
quantitative, 29, 39–54, 69, 196, 299,
303
representative reserve networks,
291–305
potential, 39, 40, 42, 48, 49, 54, 63,
141, 165, 174, 176, 178, 183, 296
specificity, 7, 8, 12, 24, 31, 39, 42, 51,
53, 54, 69, 192, 219, 245, 246,
303; see also Reproduction, sites
environmental envelope, 42, 50
generalist, 33, 128
range size, 20, 31, 32, 37, 46, 51, 59,
63, 80, 116, 136, 189, 293, 299,
300
restricted range, 21, 24 –26, 39, 127,
159, 160, 161, 171–184, 246, 294,
296, 298, 300
suitability, 39–54, 59, 89, 90, 160, 170,
173, 174, 178, 179, 184, 291–305;
see also Habitat, index; Habitat,
specificity
graphical analysis, 173
location, 39, 40, 49, 50, 81, 127, 136,
141, 160, 173, 192, 291, 292, 298,
299
quality, 42, 43, 64, 128, 130–138,
141, 144, 189, 192, 292, 303
Harvesting, 66, 83, 129, 149; see also
Forest, forestry; Impact;
Sustainability
fish, 6, 59–73, 96, 101, 107, 111, 120,
122, 137, 156–159, 161, 163, 164;
see also Economics, fisheries; Impact, commercial fishing; Management, agencies, fish and aquatic
resources; Regulation, harvesting,
aquatic resources
overharvesting, 2, 59, 107, 109–124,
128, 148, 259
whales, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101–107, 109–
124; see also Economics, fisheries;
Impact, commercial fishing; Management, agencies, fish and
aquatic resources; Regulation, harvesting, aquatic resources
Hazard identification, 63, 79, 80
Hendry method, 31, 32
Herbaria, 1, 8, 10, 15, 21, 22, 23, 39
Index
Genetics (continued)
population delineation, 28, 116, 117,
226, 232–235, 238, 239, 240, 243,
244
quantitative genetic variation, 227, 228,
230, 260, 261, 263, 264, 268, 288
phenotype variation, 227, 241, 244,
261, 263
selection, 227–232, 240–242, 259, 260,
274, 276–279, 286
artificial, 231, 260, 261, 265, 266
coefficient, 275, 278, 287
purging, 229, 265, 275, 282, 285,
287
GLM, 29, 37, 40–54
Government, see Management, agencies;
NGOs; Policy
Gower metric, 42
Grimson’s equation, 9–19
Growth, individual, 79, 112, 122, 153,
193, 228; see also Age; Stage
matrix models, 148–165, 177
Habitat, 137, 291; see also Ecosystem;
Forest; Recovery; Variation,
environmental
degradation, 1, 6, 7, 8, 20, 21, 24, 25,
59, 60, 128, 137, 138, 139, 144,
163, 176, 178, 179, 192, 292, 303;
see also Catastrophe; Forest, forestry; Impact, habitat degradation
deforestation, 8, 30, 37
fragmented, 24, 25, 26, 28, 37, 128,
298, 300
patch arrangement, 28, 40, 114, 116,
120, 123, 172, 175, 189, 190, 196,
218, 245, 292, 298–300; see also
Islands; Population, structure,
spatial
population isolation, 24, 25, 26, 31,
117, 128, 152, 226, 229, 232, 233,
240–245, 259
improvement, 138, 160, 164, 174, 178,
179, 180, 192, 240, 259; see also
Recovery
index, 42, 43
Habitat suitability indices, 40, 41
measurement, 7, 8, 15, 21, 22, 29, 39–
54, 69, 73, 117, 129, 136–138,
173, 190, 192; see also Habitat, index; Habitat model; Variation,
environmental
models, see also ANUCLIM; Bioclimatic envelope; CCA; Climate, modeling; Decision, trees; DOMAIN;
GAM; GARP; GLM; Habitat, index; Model, ecological realism;
Neural networks; Reserves, Design
comparison, 39–54
matrix, 293, 295, 296
quantitative, 29, 39–54, 69, 196, 299,
303
representative reserve networks,
291–305
potential, 39, 40, 42, 48, 49, 54, 63,
141, 165, 174, 176, 178, 183, 296
specificity, 7, 8, 12, 24, 31, 39, 42, 51,
53, 54, 69, 192, 219, 245, 246,
303; see also Reproduction, sites
environmental envelope, 42, 50
generalist, 33, 128
range size, 20, 31, 32, 37, 46, 51, 59,
63, 80, 116, 136, 189, 293, 299,
300
restricted range, 21, 24 –26, 39, 127,
159, 160, 161, 171–184, 246, 294,
296, 298, 300
suitability, 39–54, 59, 89, 90, 160, 170,
173, 174, 178, 179, 184, 291–305;
see also Habitat, index; Habitat,
specificity
graphical analysis, 173
location, 39, 40, 49, 50, 81, 127, 136,
141, 160, 173, 192, 291, 292, 298,
299
quality, 42, 43, 64, 128, 130–138,
141, 144, 189, 192, 292, 303
Harvesting, 66, 83, 129, 149; see also
Forest, forestry; Impact;
Sustainability
fish, 6, 59–73, 96, 101, 107, 111, 120,
122, 137, 156–159, 161, 163, 164;
see also Economics, fisheries; Impact, commercial fishing; Management, agencies, fish and aquatic
resources; Regulation, harvesting,
aquatic resources
overharvesting, 2, 59, 107, 109–124,
128, 148, 259
whales, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101–107, 109–
124; see also Economics, fisheries;
Impact, commercial fishing; Management, agencies, fish and
aquatic resources; Regulation, harvesting, aquatic resources
Hazard identification, 63, 79, 80
Hendry method, 31, 32
Herbaria, 1, 8, 10, 15, 21, 22, 23, 39