Dethleff, D., 2005. Entrainment and export of Laptev Sea ice sediments, Siberian Arctic. Journal Geophysical Research, 110
(C07009), doi:10.1029/2004JC002740.
Duzhikov, O. A., and Strunin, B. M. (eds.), 1992. Geology and
Metallogeny of Sulfide Deposits, Norilisk Region. Moscow:
USSR SEG Special Publication, p. 60.
Ehrmann, W. U., Melles, M., Kuhn, G., and Grobe, H., 1992. Significance of clay mineral assemblages in the Antarctic Ocean.
Marine Geology, 107, 249–273.
Fütterer, D. K., 2006. The solid phase of marine sediments. In
Schulz, H. D., and Zabel, M. (eds.), Marine Geochemistry,
2nd edn. Heidelberg: Springer, p. 574.
Griffin, J. J., and Goldberg, E. D., 1963. Clay-mineral distribution
in the Pacific Ocean. In Hill, M. N. (ed.), The Sea. New York:
Interscience, Vol. 3, pp. 728–741.
Griffin, J. J., Windom, H., and Goldberg, E. D., 1968. The distribution of clay minerals in the World Ocean. Deep-Sea Research,
15, 433–459.
Grim, R. E., 1962. Clay mineralogy. Science, New Series, 135,
890–898.
Heath, G. R., and Pisias, N. G., 1979. A method for the quantitative
estimation of clay minerals in North Pacific deep-sea sediments.
Clays and Clay Minerals, 27, 175–184.
Janecek, T. R., and Rea, D. K., 1983. Eolian deposition in the
northeast Pacific Ocean: Cenozoic history of atmospheric
circulation. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 94,
730–738.
Kolla, V., Henderson, L., and Biscaye, P. E., 1976. Clay mineralogy
and sedimentation in the western Indian Ocean. Deep-Sea
Research, 23, 949–961.
Meunier, A., 2005. Clays. Berlin: Springer, p. 472.
Moore, D. M., and Reynolds, R. C., Jr., 1997. X-Ray Diffraction and
the Identification and Analysis of Clay Minerals, 2nd edn.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 378.
Naidu, A. S., Creager, J. S., and Mowatt, T. C., 1982. Clay mineral
dispersal patterns in the North Bering and Chukchi seas. Marine
Geology, 47, 1–15.
Pfirman, S. L., Colony, R., Nürnberg, D., Eicken, H., and Rigor, I.,
1997. Reconstructing the origin and trajectory of drifting Arctic
sea ice. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102(C6),
12575–12586.
Poppe, L. J., Paskevich, V. F., Hathaway, J. C., and Blackwood,
D. S., 2010. A Laboratory Manual for X-Ray Powder Diffraction. Woods Hole: U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
01-041. http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/of01-041/htmldocs/clays/
kaogr.htm; Webpage 2010.
Rateev, M. A., Gorbunova, Z. N., Lisitzyn, A. P., and Nosov, G. L.,
1969. The distribution of clay minerals in the oceans. Sedimentology, 13, 21–43.
Rateev, M. A., Sadchikova, T. A., and Shabrova, V. P., 2008. Clay
minerals in recent sediments of the World Ocean and their relation to types of lithogenesis. Lithology and Mineral Resources,
43, 125–135.
Robert, C., and Kennett, J. P., 1994. Antarctic subtropical humid
episode at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary: clay mineral evidence. Geology, 22, 211–214.
Shichi, T., and Takagi, K., 2000. Clay minerals as photochemical
reaction
fields.
Journal
of
Photochemistry
and
Photobiology, C, Photochemistry Reviews, 1, 113–130.
Spielhagen, R. F., Bonani, G., Eisenhauer, A., Frank, M.,
Frederichs, T., Kassens, H., Kubik, P. W., Mangini, A., NøgaardPedersen, N., Nowaczyk, N. R., Schäper, S., Stein, R., Thiede, J.,
Tiedemann, R., and Wahsner, M., 1997. Arctic Ocean evidence
for late Quaternary initiation of northern Eurasian ice sheets.
Geology, 25, 783–786.
Spielhagen, R. F., Baumann, K.-H., Erlenkeuser, H., Nowaczyk,
N. R., Nørgaard-Pedersen, N., Vogt, C., and Weiel, D., 2004.
Arctic Ocean deep-sea record of northern Eurasian ice sheet history. Quaternary Science Reviews, 23, 1455–1483.
Stein, R., 1985. The post- Eocene sediment record of DSDP-Site
366: implications for African climate and plate tectonic drift.
Geological Society of America Memoir, 163, 305–315.
Stein, R., 2008. Arctic Ocean Sediments: Processes, Proxies, and
Palaeoenvironment. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Developments in
Marine Geology, Vol. 2, p. 587.
Stein, R., Robert, C., et al., 1985. Siliciclastic sediments at Sites
588, 590, and 591: Neogene and Paleogene evolution in the
Southwest Pacific and Australian climate. In Kennett, J. P., and
van der Borch, C. (eds.), Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling
Project. Washington: U.S. Govt. Printing Office, Vol.
90, pp. 1437–1455.
Venkatarathnam, K., and Biscaye, P. E., 1973. Clay mineralogy and
sedimentation in the eastern Indian Ocean. Deep-Sea Research,
20, 727–738.
Vogt, C., 1997. Regional and temporal variations of mineral assemblages in Arctic Ocean sediments as climatic indicator during
glacial/interglacial changes. Reports on Polar Research, 251,
309.
Vogt, C., 2004. Mineralogy of sediment core p S2185–3. Data
Report, doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.138269.
Vyssotski, A. V., Vyssotski, V. N., and Nezhdanov, A. A., 2006.
Evolution of the West Siberian basin. Marine and Petroleum
Geology, 23, 93–126.
Wahsner, M., Müller, C., Stein, R., Ivanov, G., Levitan, M.,
Shelekova, E., and Tarasov, G., 1999. Clay mineral distributions
in surface sediments from the Central Arctic Ocean and the Eurasian continental margin as indicator for source areas and transport pathways: a synthesis. Boreas, 28, 215–233.
Windom, H. L., 1976. Lithogeneous material in marine sediments.
In Riley, J. P., and Chester, R. (eds.), Chemical Oceanography.
New York/London: Academic, pp. 103–155.
Cross-references
Deep-sea Sediments
COASTAL BIO-GEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
Jing Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research,
East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
Definition
The “Coastal Biogeochemical Cycles” is dealing with the
transformation of chemical speciation of elements (i.e.,
chemical form and valence) and flow (e.g., flux) of materials between biotic and abiotic compartments of coastal
and marine environments (here after the coastal ocean)
that is defined by landmass (e.g., continents) on one side
and the open ocean on another side. The study of biogeochemical cycles in this domain needs an approach that
provides an integrated view of the physical, biological,
geological, and chemical aspects of materials in the changing marine environment.
COASTAL BIO-GEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
93
(C07009), doi:10.1029/2004JC002740.
Duzhikov, O. A., and Strunin, B. M. (eds.), 1992. Geology and
Metallogeny of Sulfide Deposits, Norilisk Region. Moscow:
USSR SEG Special Publication, p. 60.
Ehrmann, W. U., Melles, M., Kuhn, G., and Grobe, H., 1992. Significance of clay mineral assemblages in the Antarctic Ocean.
Marine Geology, 107, 249–273.
Fütterer, D. K., 2006. The solid phase of marine sediments. In
Schulz, H. D., and Zabel, M. (eds.), Marine Geochemistry,
2nd edn. Heidelberg: Springer, p. 574.
Griffin, J. J., and Goldberg, E. D., 1963. Clay-mineral distribution
in the Pacific Ocean. In Hill, M. N. (ed.), The Sea. New York:
Interscience, Vol. 3, pp. 728–741.
Griffin, J. J., Windom, H., and Goldberg, E. D., 1968. The distribution of clay minerals in the World Ocean. Deep-Sea Research,
15, 433–459.
Grim, R. E., 1962. Clay mineralogy. Science, New Series, 135,
890–898.
Heath, G. R., and Pisias, N. G., 1979. A method for the quantitative
estimation of clay minerals in North Pacific deep-sea sediments.
Clays and Clay Minerals, 27, 175–184.
Janecek, T. R., and Rea, D. K., 1983. Eolian deposition in the
northeast Pacific Ocean: Cenozoic history of atmospheric
circulation. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 94,
730–738.
Kolla, V., Henderson, L., and Biscaye, P. E., 1976. Clay mineralogy
and sedimentation in the western Indian Ocean. Deep-Sea
Research, 23, 949–961.
Meunier, A., 2005. Clays. Berlin: Springer, p. 472.
Moore, D. M., and Reynolds, R. C., Jr., 1997. X-Ray Diffraction and
the Identification and Analysis of Clay Minerals, 2nd edn.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 378.
Naidu, A. S., Creager, J. S., and Mowatt, T. C., 1982. Clay mineral
dispersal patterns in the North Bering and Chukchi seas. Marine
Geology, 47, 1–15.
Pfirman, S. L., Colony, R., Nürnberg, D., Eicken, H., and Rigor, I.,
1997. Reconstructing the origin and trajectory of drifting Arctic
sea ice. Journal of Geophysical Research, 102(C6),
12575–12586.
Poppe, L. J., Paskevich, V. F., Hathaway, J. C., and Blackwood,
D. S., 2010. A Laboratory Manual for X-Ray Powder Diffraction. Woods Hole: U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
01-041. http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2001/of01-041/htmldocs/clays/
kaogr.htm; Webpage 2010.
Rateev, M. A., Gorbunova, Z. N., Lisitzyn, A. P., and Nosov, G. L.,
1969. The distribution of clay minerals in the oceans. Sedimentology, 13, 21–43.
Rateev, M. A., Sadchikova, T. A., and Shabrova, V. P., 2008. Clay
minerals in recent sediments of the World Ocean and their relation to types of lithogenesis. Lithology and Mineral Resources,
43, 125–135.
Robert, C., and Kennett, J. P., 1994. Antarctic subtropical humid
episode at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary: clay mineral evidence. Geology, 22, 211–214.
Shichi, T., and Takagi, K., 2000. Clay minerals as photochemical
reaction
fields.
Journal
of
Photochemistry
and
Photobiology, C, Photochemistry Reviews, 1, 113–130.
Spielhagen, R. F., Bonani, G., Eisenhauer, A., Frank, M.,
Frederichs, T., Kassens, H., Kubik, P. W., Mangini, A., NøgaardPedersen, N., Nowaczyk, N. R., Schäper, S., Stein, R., Thiede, J.,
Tiedemann, R., and Wahsner, M., 1997. Arctic Ocean evidence
for late Quaternary initiation of northern Eurasian ice sheets.
Geology, 25, 783–786.
Spielhagen, R. F., Baumann, K.-H., Erlenkeuser, H., Nowaczyk,
N. R., Nørgaard-Pedersen, N., Vogt, C., and Weiel, D., 2004.
Arctic Ocean deep-sea record of northern Eurasian ice sheet history. Quaternary Science Reviews, 23, 1455–1483.
Stein, R., 1985. The post- Eocene sediment record of DSDP-Site
366: implications for African climate and plate tectonic drift.
Geological Society of America Memoir, 163, 305–315.
Stein, R., 2008. Arctic Ocean Sediments: Processes, Proxies, and
Palaeoenvironment. Amsterdam: Elsevier. Developments in
Marine Geology, Vol. 2, p. 587.
Stein, R., Robert, C., et al., 1985. Siliciclastic sediments at Sites
588, 590, and 591: Neogene and Paleogene evolution in the
Southwest Pacific and Australian climate. In Kennett, J. P., and
van der Borch, C. (eds.), Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling
Project. Washington: U.S. Govt. Printing Office, Vol.
90, pp. 1437–1455.
Venkatarathnam, K., and Biscaye, P. E., 1973. Clay mineralogy and
sedimentation in the eastern Indian Ocean. Deep-Sea Research,
20, 727–738.
Vogt, C., 1997. Regional and temporal variations of mineral assemblages in Arctic Ocean sediments as climatic indicator during
glacial/interglacial changes. Reports on Polar Research, 251,
309.
Vogt, C., 2004. Mineralogy of sediment core p S2185–3. Data
Report, doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.138269.
Vyssotski, A. V., Vyssotski, V. N., and Nezhdanov, A. A., 2006.
Evolution of the West Siberian basin. Marine and Petroleum
Geology, 23, 93–126.
Wahsner, M., Müller, C., Stein, R., Ivanov, G., Levitan, M.,
Shelekova, E., and Tarasov, G., 1999. Clay mineral distributions
in surface sediments from the Central Arctic Ocean and the Eurasian continental margin as indicator for source areas and transport pathways: a synthesis. Boreas, 28, 215–233.
Windom, H. L., 1976. Lithogeneous material in marine sediments.
In Riley, J. P., and Chester, R. (eds.), Chemical Oceanography.
New York/London: Academic, pp. 103–155.
Cross-references
Deep-sea Sediments
COASTAL BIO-GEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
Jing Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research,
East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
Definition
The “Coastal Biogeochemical Cycles” is dealing with the
transformation of chemical speciation of elements (i.e.,
chemical form and valence) and flow (e.g., flux) of materials between biotic and abiotic compartments of coastal
and marine environments (here after the coastal ocean)
that is defined by landmass (e.g., continents) on one side
and the open ocean on another side. The study of biogeochemical cycles in this domain needs an approach that
provides an integrated view of the physical, biological,
geological, and chemical aspects of materials in the changing marine environment.
COASTAL BIO-GEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
93