53
Chloromonadida
chemotrophs ~metabolic diversity.
chert lithified siliceous ooze.
cheta (also chaeta; pI. ch(a)etae), chitinous stiff hair or bristle, present in, e.g.,
Chaetognatha, Polychaeta and Oligochaeta.
chitin in the marine environment the commonest biopolymer, probably second
only to cellulose as the most abundant biogenic substance on earth. Chitin
belongs to the group of mucopolysaccharides, i.e., polysaccharides built up
by amino-sugars (sugars in which a hydroxyl group is replaced by an amino
group), in the case of chitin: N-acetyl glucosamines. It forms the hard shell
of crustaceans and insects, and is in many respects analogous to cellulose.
Chitinozoa extinct group probably belonging to the kingdom Protoctista. The
organic microfossils are found in old Paleozoic rocks.
chlorinity in 1902 the Swedish chemist S.P.L. S0rensen gave the definition:
"Chlorinity stands for the weight of the collected halogens present in one
kilogram of seawater". Chlorinity is chemically determined by argentometric titration. In 1940, Knudsen and Jacobsen redefined: "The number giving
the chlorinity in permille of a seawater sample is by definition identical with
the number of gramatoms silver just necessary to precipitate the halogens
in 0.3285234 kilogram of the seawater sample". Until 1966 chlorinity was
used to calculate salinity. The basis of the salinity estimation from the determination of a single major element is the long-known concept of constant
relative composition of seawater.
chlorite a group of platy, greenish clay minerals consisting of a 2 : 1 layer (~clay
minerals), whose negative charge is balanced by an extra interlayer consisting
of a positively charged octahedrally coordinated hydroxide sheet. The structure unit thus contains two octahedral sheets and two tetrahedral sheets.
The general formula is: (Mg, Fe 2 +, Fe3+)6AlSi301Q(OH)s. Chlorites are distributed in low-grade metamorphic rocks or as alteration products of ferromagnesian minerals. ~clay minerals. (Figure see p. 54)
Chlorobacteriaceae ~Chlorobiaceae.
Chlorobiaceae (syn. Chlorobacteriaceae) phototrophic (~metabolic diversity)
green bacteria.
Chloromonadida ~Raphidophyta.
Chloromonadida
chemotrophs ~metabolic diversity.
chert lithified siliceous ooze.
cheta (also chaeta; pI. ch(a)etae), chitinous stiff hair or bristle, present in, e.g.,
Chaetognatha, Polychaeta and Oligochaeta.
chitin in the marine environment the commonest biopolymer, probably second
only to cellulose as the most abundant biogenic substance on earth. Chitin
belongs to the group of mucopolysaccharides, i.e., polysaccharides built up
by amino-sugars (sugars in which a hydroxyl group is replaced by an amino
group), in the case of chitin: N-acetyl glucosamines. It forms the hard shell
of crustaceans and insects, and is in many respects analogous to cellulose.
Chitinozoa extinct group probably belonging to the kingdom Protoctista. The
organic microfossils are found in old Paleozoic rocks.
chlorinity in 1902 the Swedish chemist S.P.L. S0rensen gave the definition:
"Chlorinity stands for the weight of the collected halogens present in one
kilogram of seawater". Chlorinity is chemically determined by argentometric titration. In 1940, Knudsen and Jacobsen redefined: "The number giving
the chlorinity in permille of a seawater sample is by definition identical with
the number of gramatoms silver just necessary to precipitate the halogens
in 0.3285234 kilogram of the seawater sample". Until 1966 chlorinity was
used to calculate salinity. The basis of the salinity estimation from the determination of a single major element is the long-known concept of constant
relative composition of seawater.
chlorite a group of platy, greenish clay minerals consisting of a 2 : 1 layer (~clay
minerals), whose negative charge is balanced by an extra interlayer consisting
of a positively charged octahedrally coordinated hydroxide sheet. The structure unit thus contains two octahedral sheets and two tetrahedral sheets.
The general formula is: (Mg, Fe 2 +, Fe3+)6AlSi301Q(OH)s. Chlorites are distributed in low-grade metamorphic rocks or as alteration products of ferromagnesian minerals. ~clay minerals. (Figure see p. 54)
Chlorobacteriaceae ~Chlorobiaceae.
Chlorobiaceae (syn. Chlorobacteriaceae) phototrophic (~metabolic diversity)
green bacteria.
Chloromonadida ~Raphidophyta.