tropical cyclones
328
tropical cyclones relatively small but very deep atmospheric disturbances that occur
in the sub tropics and may cause heavy damage in coastal areas. When they
move over the sea there is a strong interaction with the surface waters: the
latent heat released when water evaporated from the ocean condenses again at
high altitude is a major factor in lowering the atmospheric pressure. They are
also known under the name of hurricane (America) or taifun (Japan).
trough -7trench.
tsunami a long-period wave with the character of a long wave generated by a submarine earthquake. A tsunami can be observed at large distances from the
epicenter and its amplitude may increase due to local topographic factors,
resulting in considerable damage and loss of life when reaching a coast.
When the epicenter and time of occurrence of an earthquake is known, the
time of arrival of a tsunami can be predicted because the wave speed of shallow water waves is a function of depth. On this basis warning systems have
been developed in the Pacific, where tsunamis mainly occur.
Tsunami.
(After Pipkin et aI.1977)
Tunicata (tunicates) -7Urochordata.
Turbellaria class of the phylum Platyhelminthes or flatworms. Mostly free-living,
oval to elongated unsegmented worms, with a gut without anus. The flattened body is covered with cilia, and contains muscle layers with gland cells
providing the mucus for adhesion. The head often has lateral projections or
328
tropical cyclones relatively small but very deep atmospheric disturbances that occur
in the sub tropics and may cause heavy damage in coastal areas. When they
move over the sea there is a strong interaction with the surface waters: the
latent heat released when water evaporated from the ocean condenses again at
high altitude is a major factor in lowering the atmospheric pressure. They are
also known under the name of hurricane (America) or taifun (Japan).
trough -7trench.
tsunami a long-period wave with the character of a long wave generated by a submarine earthquake. A tsunami can be observed at large distances from the
epicenter and its amplitude may increase due to local topographic factors,
resulting in considerable damage and loss of life when reaching a coast.
When the epicenter and time of occurrence of an earthquake is known, the
time of arrival of a tsunami can be predicted because the wave speed of shallow water waves is a function of depth. On this basis warning systems have
been developed in the Pacific, where tsunamis mainly occur.
Tsunami.
(After Pipkin et aI.1977)
Tunicata (tunicates) -7Urochordata.
Turbellaria class of the phylum Platyhelminthes or flatworms. Mostly free-living,
oval to elongated unsegmented worms, with a gut without anus. The flattened body is covered with cilia, and contains muscle layers with gland cells
providing the mucus for adhesion. The head often has lateral projections or