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ocean dynamics
o
ocean originally the great stream or river supposed to encompass the disk of
the earth and personified in Greek mythology by Oceanus, the God of the
great primeval water, the son of Uranus and Gaia, and husband of Tethys.
Hence the great outer sea as opposed to the Mediterranean. Now the vast
body of water on the surface of the globe, which surrounds the land, covering ca. 70 % of the earth's surface.
ocean-atmosphere exchange ~air-sea exchange.
ocean dumping the marine environment is by many countries considered a disposal region for waste products such as waste effluents, solid wastes from
sewage sludges, dredge sludges, and radioactive and chemical wastes. Since
the birth of the Atomic Age, nuclear nations have deposited part of their
unwanted radioactive waste in the sea. The earliest sea-dumping program was
started in 1946 by the US and was terminated in 1960. European nations
have dumped at sea for many years, particularly at one site in the Atlantic
Ocean, the NEA (Nuclear Energy Agency) dumpsite 400 miles off the coasts
of England and Portugal. Under pressure of public opinion most countries
have stopped sea dumping. Research on the NEA dumpsite continues to
measure possible effects on benthic organisms. The feasibility of deep burial
of high-level radioactive wastes in ocean sediment has so far not resulted in
possibilities that would guarantee the safeguarding of the marine environment. Ocean dumping falls under the restrictions of the Oslo Convention.
ocean dynamics the application of hydrodynamics (fluid mechanics) to the ocean,
where specific problems of large-scale horizontal motion over a rotating
earth play an important role. As in ocean dynamics, the reference framework for the equation of motion is usually a fixed point that rotates with the
earth, a fictitious force has to be introduced: the Coriolis force. Furthermore in
most cases the vertical motions are small enough to be neglected, so that in
the vertical direction the hydrostatic pressure equals the weight of the overlying water per surface unit, as expressed in the hydrostatic equation. The
general Navier-Stokes equation of hydrodynamics is often not practical for solving
oceanographic problems, but they can be reduced to approximate equations applicable to special situations. In the ocean the variations that occur
in water density are often neglected insofar as this does not concern the
pressure distribution via the hydrostatic equation. This approach is called
the Boussinesq-approximation. Another usual approximation is only to consider
ocean dynamics
o
ocean originally the great stream or river supposed to encompass the disk of
the earth and personified in Greek mythology by Oceanus, the God of the
great primeval water, the son of Uranus and Gaia, and husband of Tethys.
Hence the great outer sea as opposed to the Mediterranean. Now the vast
body of water on the surface of the globe, which surrounds the land, covering ca. 70 % of the earth's surface.
ocean-atmosphere exchange ~air-sea exchange.
ocean dumping the marine environment is by many countries considered a disposal region for waste products such as waste effluents, solid wastes from
sewage sludges, dredge sludges, and radioactive and chemical wastes. Since
the birth of the Atomic Age, nuclear nations have deposited part of their
unwanted radioactive waste in the sea. The earliest sea-dumping program was
started in 1946 by the US and was terminated in 1960. European nations
have dumped at sea for many years, particularly at one site in the Atlantic
Ocean, the NEA (Nuclear Energy Agency) dumpsite 400 miles off the coasts
of England and Portugal. Under pressure of public opinion most countries
have stopped sea dumping. Research on the NEA dumpsite continues to
measure possible effects on benthic organisms. The feasibility of deep burial
of high-level radioactive wastes in ocean sediment has so far not resulted in
possibilities that would guarantee the safeguarding of the marine environment. Ocean dumping falls under the restrictions of the Oslo Convention.
ocean dynamics the application of hydrodynamics (fluid mechanics) to the ocean,
where specific problems of large-scale horizontal motion over a rotating
earth play an important role. As in ocean dynamics, the reference framework for the equation of motion is usually a fixed point that rotates with the
earth, a fictitious force has to be introduced: the Coriolis force. Furthermore in
most cases the vertical motions are small enough to be neglected, so that in
the vertical direction the hydrostatic pressure equals the weight of the overlying water per surface unit, as expressed in the hydrostatic equation. The
general Navier-Stokes equation of hydrodynamics is often not practical for solving
oceanographic problems, but they can be reduced to approximate equations applicable to special situations. In the ocean the variations that occur
in water density are often neglected insofar as this does not concern the
pressure distribution via the hydrostatic equation. This approach is called
the Boussinesq-approximation. Another usual approximation is only to consider