422
Index
Approximation error, 227
Archipelago, 34, 41, 186, 397
Archipelago Sea, 34, 55, 158
Arctic region, 3, 92, 99
Area of reduced risk, 18, 19, 284–286, 319,
321, 323, 324, 345
Argo (float), 138
Argos (satellite), 138, 253, 254
Ariane (algorithm), 226, 238–240, 247
Arkona Basin, 22, 34, 35, 37, 55, 143, 144,
150, 151, 156, 157, 162, 286–288,
328
ARPEGE-Climate model, 160
Asia, 2
Asymmetry, asymmetric, 9, 10, 12, 53, 200,
340, 349, 351
Asymptotic value, 338, 340, 361, 418
Atlantic, Atlantic Ocean, 13, 16, 21, 32, 53,
85, 99, 134–137, 148, 149, 156,
160, 198, 331, 382
Atlantic water, 148, 149, 157, 160, 161, 169
Atmospheric conditions, 60, 157, 287, 389
Atmospheric data, 114, 115, 159, 161
Atmospheric forcing, 32, 37, 57, 112,
114–116, 138, 159, 160, 169, 189,
191, 197, 201, 286, 290
Atmospheric model, 66, 68, 114, 146, 225,
255, 295, 327, 375, 383
regional, 59, 112, 115, 256, 295, 330
Atmospheric pressure, 57, 108, 135, 146, 198,
253, 259, 330, 331
Autocorrelation function, 258, 264, 265
Automotive industry, 66
Avalanche, 66
AVISO, 143
Azores high, 198
Azov Sea, 134
B
Backward difference scheme, 75–77, 79–82
Backward Euler method, 76, 79, 82
Ballistic law, 271, 273
BALTEX, 59, 116
BALTEX Hydrological Data Centre, BHDC,
59, 116, 161
Baltic Carrier, 372
Baltic Environment Database, BED, 59
Baltic Marine Environment Protection
Commission, HELCOM, viii, 14,
331, 348
Baltic Operational Oceanographic System,
BOOS, 378
Baltic Proper, 22, 23, 34, 102, 116–118, 121,
143, 150, 182, 261, 270, 274, 275,
287, 300, 307, 328, 329, 332, 334,
335, 348–350, 354, 399–401, 409
Baltic Sea, vii, 13, 14, 16, 18, 21, 22, 24,
32–39, 41–51, 53–61, 85, 102, 103,
110–119, 125, 131, 133–139,
141–144, 150, 154–158, 161–163,
172, 181–185, 187–189, 191, 193,
195, 198, 199, 201, 203, 208, 213,
215–217, 226, 247, 251–256, 261,
262, 269, 270, 273, 274, 276–278,
283–288, 294, 295, 319, 320,
325–332, 336, 370, 371, 373,
378–381, 383, 385, 397, 400, 405,
418
dynamics, 42–44, 46, 53, 57, 59, 61, 106,
181, 182
geometry, 32, 33, 45, 134
sub-basins, 32–34, 37, 38, 44, 45, 59, 61,
113, 144, 158, 182, 185, 199, 284,
385
SW region of, 22, 23, 34, 44, 183, 283,
285–287, 290, 300, 304, 313, 326,
327, 329, 331, 332, 335, 351, 353,
358
volume, 34, 35, 185
Baltic Sea Action Plan, viii
Baltic Sea Index, BSI, 57
Baltic Sea protected areas, BSPA, 14
BalticWay, xi
Barents Sea, 21
Baroclinic eddy, 152, 158
Baroclinic instability, 148, 214
Baroclinic mode, 43, 44, 86
Baroclinic motion, 43, 51, 56, 86, 107, 138,
146, 154, 214
Baroclinic response, effects, 43, 51, 99, 206,
214
Barometer, 251, 253
Barometric pressure, 146
Barotropic forcing, 142
Barotropic mode, 43, 44, 51, 52, 86
Barotropic motion, 43, 51, 58, 86, 99, 107,
114, 152, 158, 206, 213, 214, 244
Barotropic pressure, 135, 150
Barotropic surge, 381
Bathymetry, 32, 33, 45, 56, 61, 113, 122, 134,
142, 147, 151, 162, 183, 185, 186,
211, 216, 254, 288–290, 299, 329,
330, 340, 341, 350, 351, 362, 380
Batumi eddy, 137, 158
Belt, see Great Belt
Belt Sea, 22, 34, 37, 55, 118, 144, 287, 288,
290, 291, 328
Benthic invertebrate, 124
Index
Approximation error, 227
Archipelago, 34, 41, 186, 397
Archipelago Sea, 34, 55, 158
Arctic region, 3, 92, 99
Area of reduced risk, 18, 19, 284–286, 319,
321, 323, 324, 345
Argo (float), 138
Argos (satellite), 138, 253, 254
Ariane (algorithm), 226, 238–240, 247
Arkona Basin, 22, 34, 35, 37, 55, 143, 144,
150, 151, 156, 157, 162, 286–288,
328
ARPEGE-Climate model, 160
Asia, 2
Asymmetry, asymmetric, 9, 10, 12, 53, 200,
340, 349, 351
Asymptotic value, 338, 340, 361, 418
Atlantic, Atlantic Ocean, 13, 16, 21, 32, 53,
85, 99, 134–137, 148, 149, 156,
160, 198, 331, 382
Atlantic water, 148, 149, 157, 160, 161, 169
Atmospheric conditions, 60, 157, 287, 389
Atmospheric data, 114, 115, 159, 161
Atmospheric forcing, 32, 37, 57, 112,
114–116, 138, 159, 160, 169, 189,
191, 197, 201, 286, 290
Atmospheric model, 66, 68, 114, 146, 225,
255, 295, 327, 375, 383
regional, 59, 112, 115, 256, 295, 330
Atmospheric pressure, 57, 108, 135, 146, 198,
253, 259, 330, 331
Autocorrelation function, 258, 264, 265
Automotive industry, 66
Avalanche, 66
AVISO, 143
Azores high, 198
Azov Sea, 134
B
Backward difference scheme, 75–77, 79–82
Backward Euler method, 76, 79, 82
Ballistic law, 271, 273
BALTEX, 59, 116
BALTEX Hydrological Data Centre, BHDC,
59, 116, 161
Baltic Carrier, 372
Baltic Environment Database, BED, 59
Baltic Marine Environment Protection
Commission, HELCOM, viii, 14,
331, 348
Baltic Operational Oceanographic System,
BOOS, 378
Baltic Proper, 22, 23, 34, 102, 116–118, 121,
143, 150, 182, 261, 270, 274, 275,
287, 300, 307, 328, 329, 332, 334,
335, 348–350, 354, 399–401, 409
Baltic Sea, vii, 13, 14, 16, 18, 21, 22, 24,
32–39, 41–51, 53–61, 85, 102, 103,
110–119, 125, 131, 133–139,
141–144, 150, 154–158, 161–163,
172, 181–185, 187–189, 191, 193,
195, 198, 199, 201, 203, 208, 213,
215–217, 226, 247, 251–256, 261,
262, 269, 270, 273, 274, 276–278,
283–288, 294, 295, 319, 320,
325–332, 336, 370, 371, 373,
378–381, 383, 385, 397, 400, 405,
418
dynamics, 42–44, 46, 53, 57, 59, 61, 106,
181, 182
geometry, 32, 33, 45, 134
sub-basins, 32–34, 37, 38, 44, 45, 59, 61,
113, 144, 158, 182, 185, 199, 284,
385
SW region of, 22, 23, 34, 44, 183, 283,
285–287, 290, 300, 304, 313, 326,
327, 329, 331, 332, 335, 351, 353,
358
volume, 34, 35, 185
Baltic Sea Action Plan, viii
Baltic Sea Index, BSI, 57
Baltic Sea protected areas, BSPA, 14
BalticWay, xi
Barents Sea, 21
Baroclinic eddy, 152, 158
Baroclinic instability, 148, 214
Baroclinic mode, 43, 44, 86
Baroclinic motion, 43, 51, 56, 86, 107, 138,
146, 154, 214
Baroclinic response, effects, 43, 51, 99, 206,
214
Barometer, 251, 253
Barometric pressure, 146
Barotropic forcing, 142
Barotropic mode, 43, 44, 51, 52, 86
Barotropic motion, 43, 51, 58, 86, 99, 107,
114, 152, 158, 206, 213, 214, 244
Barotropic pressure, 135, 150
Barotropic surge, 381
Bathymetry, 32, 33, 45, 56, 61, 113, 122, 134,
142, 147, 151, 162, 183, 185, 186,
211, 216, 254, 288–290, 299, 329,
330, 340, 341, 350, 351, 362, 380
Batumi eddy, 137, 158
Belt, see Great Belt
Belt Sea, 22, 34, 37, 55, 118, 144, 287, 288,
290, 291, 328
Benthic invertebrate, 124