4 Studying the Baltic Sea Circulation with Eulerian Tracers
127
Graham PL (1999) Modeling runoff to the Baltic Sea. Ambio 27:328–334
Guo WJ, Wang YX (2009) A numerical oil spill model based on a hybrid method. Mar Pollut Bull
58:726–734
Gustafsson T, Kullenberg B (1936) Untersuchungen vor Trägheitströmungen in der Ostsee (Investigations of inertial currents in the Baltic Sea). Sven Hydrogr-Biol Komm Skr, Ny Ser Hydr
13:1–28
Höglund A, Meier HEM (2012) Environmentally safe areas and routes in the Baltic Proper using
Eulerian tracers. Mar Pollut Bull 64:1375–1385
Höglund A, Meier HEM, Broman B, Kriezi E (2009) Validation and correction of regionalised
ERA-40 wind fields over the Baltic Sea using the Rossby Centre Atmosphere Model RCA3.0.
Rapport Oceanografi No 97, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping,
Sweden 29 pp
Jakobsen F (1995) The major inflow to the Baltic Sea during January 1993. J Mar Syst 6:227–240
Je ¸drasik J, Cie´ slikiewicz W, Kowalewski M, Bradtke K, Jankowski A (2008) 44 years hindcast of
the sea level and circulation in the Baltic Sea. Coast Eng 55:849–860
Jerlov NG (1968) Optical oceanography. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 194 pp
Kauker F, Meier HEM (2003) Modeling decadal variability of the Baltic Sea: 1. Reconstructing
atmospheric surface data for the period 1902–1998. J Geophys Res—Oceans 108:3267
Krauss W (1973) Dynamics of the homogeneous and the quasihomogeneous ocean. Gebrüder
Bornträger, Berlin, 302 pp
Killworth P, Stainforth D, Webb D, Paterson S (1991) The development of a free-surface Bryan–
Cox–Semtner ocean model. J Phys Oceanogr 21:1333–1348
Large WG, Pond S (1981) Open ocean momentum flux measurements in moderate to strong winds.
J Phys Oceanogr 11:324–336
Large WG, Pond S (1982) Sensible and latent heat flux measurements over the ocean. J Phys
Oceanogr 12:464–482
Lehmann A (1995) A 3-dimensional baroclinic eddy-resolving model of the Baltic Sea. Tellus A
47:1013–1031
Lehmann A, Hinrichsen H-H (2000) On the thermohaline variability of the Baltic Sea. J Mar Syst
25:333–357
Löptien U, Meier HEM (2011) The influence of increasing water turbidity on the sea surface temperature in the Baltic Sea: a model sensitivity study. J Mar Syst 88:323–331
Luhamaa A, Kimmel K, Männik A, Rõõm R (2011) High resolution re-analysis for the Baltic Sea
region during 1965–2005 period. Clim Dyn 36:727–738
Mårtensson S, Meier HEM, Pemberton P, Haapala J (2012) Ridged sea ice characteristics in the
Arctic from a coupled multicategory sea ice model. J Geophys Res—Oceans 117:C00D15
Matthäus W, Lass HU, Tiesel R (1993) The major Baltic inflow in January 1993. ICES Statutory
Meeting. ICES CM 1993/C:51
Meier HEM (2001) On the parameterization of mixing in three-dimensional Baltic Sea models.
J Geophys Res—Oceans 106:30997–31016
Meier HEM (2002) Regional ocean climate simulations with a 3D ice-ocean model for the Baltic
Sea. Part 1: model experiments and results for temperature and salinity. Clim Dyn 19:237–253
Meier HEM (2005) Modeling the age of Baltic Sea water masses: quantification and steady-state
sensitivity experiments. J Geophys Res—Oceans 110:C02006
Meier HEM (2007) Modeling the pathways and ages of inflowing salt- and freshwater in the Baltic
Sea. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 74:610–627
Meier HEM, Kauker F (2003) Modeling decadal variability of the Baltic Sea: 2. The role of
freshwater inflow and large-scale atmospheric circulation for salinity. J Geophys Res—Oceans
108:3368
Meier HEM, Döscher R, Coward AC, Nycander J, Döös K (1999) RCO—Rossby Centre regional
Ocean climate model: Model description (version 1.0) and first results from the hindcast period 1992/93. Rapport Oceanografi No 26, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute,
Norrköping, Sweden, 102 pp
127
Graham PL (1999) Modeling runoff to the Baltic Sea. Ambio 27:328–334
Guo WJ, Wang YX (2009) A numerical oil spill model based on a hybrid method. Mar Pollut Bull
58:726–734
Gustafsson T, Kullenberg B (1936) Untersuchungen vor Trägheitströmungen in der Ostsee (Investigations of inertial currents in the Baltic Sea). Sven Hydrogr-Biol Komm Skr, Ny Ser Hydr
13:1–28
Höglund A, Meier HEM (2012) Environmentally safe areas and routes in the Baltic Proper using
Eulerian tracers. Mar Pollut Bull 64:1375–1385
Höglund A, Meier HEM, Broman B, Kriezi E (2009) Validation and correction of regionalised
ERA-40 wind fields over the Baltic Sea using the Rossby Centre Atmosphere Model RCA3.0.
Rapport Oceanografi No 97, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping,
Sweden 29 pp
Jakobsen F (1995) The major inflow to the Baltic Sea during January 1993. J Mar Syst 6:227–240
Je ¸drasik J, Cie´ slikiewicz W, Kowalewski M, Bradtke K, Jankowski A (2008) 44 years hindcast of
the sea level and circulation in the Baltic Sea. Coast Eng 55:849–860
Jerlov NG (1968) Optical oceanography. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 194 pp
Kauker F, Meier HEM (2003) Modeling decadal variability of the Baltic Sea: 1. Reconstructing
atmospheric surface data for the period 1902–1998. J Geophys Res—Oceans 108:3267
Krauss W (1973) Dynamics of the homogeneous and the quasihomogeneous ocean. Gebrüder
Bornträger, Berlin, 302 pp
Killworth P, Stainforth D, Webb D, Paterson S (1991) The development of a free-surface Bryan–
Cox–Semtner ocean model. J Phys Oceanogr 21:1333–1348
Large WG, Pond S (1981) Open ocean momentum flux measurements in moderate to strong winds.
J Phys Oceanogr 11:324–336
Large WG, Pond S (1982) Sensible and latent heat flux measurements over the ocean. J Phys
Oceanogr 12:464–482
Lehmann A (1995) A 3-dimensional baroclinic eddy-resolving model of the Baltic Sea. Tellus A
47:1013–1031
Lehmann A, Hinrichsen H-H (2000) On the thermohaline variability of the Baltic Sea. J Mar Syst
25:333–357
Löptien U, Meier HEM (2011) The influence of increasing water turbidity on the sea surface temperature in the Baltic Sea: a model sensitivity study. J Mar Syst 88:323–331
Luhamaa A, Kimmel K, Männik A, Rõõm R (2011) High resolution re-analysis for the Baltic Sea
region during 1965–2005 period. Clim Dyn 36:727–738
Mårtensson S, Meier HEM, Pemberton P, Haapala J (2012) Ridged sea ice characteristics in the
Arctic from a coupled multicategory sea ice model. J Geophys Res—Oceans 117:C00D15
Matthäus W, Lass HU, Tiesel R (1993) The major Baltic inflow in January 1993. ICES Statutory
Meeting. ICES CM 1993/C:51
Meier HEM (2001) On the parameterization of mixing in three-dimensional Baltic Sea models.
J Geophys Res—Oceans 106:30997–31016
Meier HEM (2002) Regional ocean climate simulations with a 3D ice-ocean model for the Baltic
Sea. Part 1: model experiments and results for temperature and salinity. Clim Dyn 19:237–253
Meier HEM (2005) Modeling the age of Baltic Sea water masses: quantification and steady-state
sensitivity experiments. J Geophys Res—Oceans 110:C02006
Meier HEM (2007) Modeling the pathways and ages of inflowing salt- and freshwater in the Baltic
Sea. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 74:610–627
Meier HEM, Kauker F (2003) Modeling decadal variability of the Baltic Sea: 2. The role of
freshwater inflow and large-scale atmospheric circulation for salinity. J Geophys Res—Oceans
108:3368
Meier HEM, Döscher R, Coward AC, Nycander J, Döös K (1999) RCO—Rossby Centre regional
Ocean climate model: Model description (version 1.0) and first results from the hindcast period 1992/93. Rapport Oceanografi No 26, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute,
Norrköping, Sweden, 102 pp