INDEX
563
conic structure, 305, 309, 312
constant stress layer, 62, 178, 193,
209
continuity equation, 5, 6
convection, 2, 8, 72, 76, 77, 78,
80, 88, 91, 105, 120, 143, 197,
221, 246, 263, 266, 267, 278,
344, 351, 352, 355, 371, 374,
385, 386, 390, 391, 392, 442,
461
atmospheric, 286, 388, 502
deep, 386
double diffusion, 235, 251
free, 62, 79, 95, 105, 116, 128,
201, 202, 269, 385
haline, 385
laminar, 267
layering, 232, 235
mesoscale, 220
nighttime, 79, 220, 227
nocturnal, 301
penetrative, 2, 266, 267, 287
thermal, 9, 62, 89, 111, 385
thermo-capillary, 385
thermohaline, 385
turbulent, 9, 388
convective elements. See discrete
convective element
convective rain, 138
convective rains, 295, 302, 303
convective velocity scale, 16
cool skin, 17, 20, 69, 71, 72, 73,
89, 93, 99, 103, 104, 105, 107,
116, 117, 121, 123, 124, 129,
136, 138, 139, 272, 372, 442,
483, 500
boundary-layer model, 104,
106
parameterizations, 71, 118, 141
renewal model, 91
solar radiation effect, 122
coordinate system, 5, 58
connected to the ocean surface,
186
connected to the sea surface,
415
fixed, 153, 186
moving with the average
convection, 355
wave following, 144, 150, 153,
159, 173, 176, 186
Coriolis
acceleration, 55
force, 62, 149, 175, 263, 265,
308
horizontal term, 10
parameter, 8, 41, 146, 176, 332
coupled
climate models, 501
ocean-atmosphere models, 497,
498
parameterization, 91
radiative-transfer models, 29
set of parameterizations, 69, 96,
99
Cox number, 257
cross-frontal
exchange, 344, 345
flow, 295
velocity, 345
curvature spikes, 305
dark chemical processes, 456
density interfaces, 331
density ratio, 327, 329, 346
developed seas, 51, 54, 173, 175,
196
diffusion sublayer, 68, 73, 92
aqueous, 93, 483
diffusive attenuation coefficient,
30
dirty bubbles, 398, 399, 486, See
hydrodynamically dirty bubbles
discrete convective elements, 78,
80, 266, 272
563
conic structure, 305, 309, 312
constant stress layer, 62, 178, 193,
209
continuity equation, 5, 6
convection, 2, 8, 72, 76, 77, 78,
80, 88, 91, 105, 120, 143, 197,
221, 246, 263, 266, 267, 278,
344, 351, 352, 355, 371, 374,
385, 386, 390, 391, 392, 442,
461
atmospheric, 286, 388, 502
deep, 386
double diffusion, 235, 251
free, 62, 79, 95, 105, 116, 128,
201, 202, 269, 385
haline, 385
laminar, 267
layering, 232, 235
mesoscale, 220
nighttime, 79, 220, 227
nocturnal, 301
penetrative, 2, 266, 267, 287
thermal, 9, 62, 89, 111, 385
thermo-capillary, 385
thermohaline, 385
turbulent, 9, 388
convective elements. See discrete
convective element
convective rain, 138
convective rains, 295, 302, 303
convective velocity scale, 16
cool skin, 17, 20, 69, 71, 72, 73,
89, 93, 99, 103, 104, 105, 107,
116, 117, 121, 123, 124, 129,
136, 138, 139, 272, 372, 442,
483, 500
boundary-layer model, 104,
106
parameterizations, 71, 118, 141
renewal model, 91
solar radiation effect, 122
coordinate system, 5, 58
connected to the ocean surface,
186
connected to the sea surface,
415
fixed, 153, 186
moving with the average
convection, 355
wave following, 144, 150, 153,
159, 173, 176, 186
Coriolis
acceleration, 55
force, 62, 149, 175, 263, 265,
308
horizontal term, 10
parameter, 8, 41, 146, 176, 332
coupled
climate models, 501
ocean-atmosphere models, 497,
498
parameterization, 91
radiative-transfer models, 29
set of parameterizations, 69, 96,
99
Cox number, 257
cross-frontal
exchange, 344, 345
flow, 295
velocity, 345
curvature spikes, 305
dark chemical processes, 456
density interfaces, 331
density ratio, 327, 329, 346
developed seas, 51, 54, 173, 175,
196
diffusion sublayer, 68, 73, 92
aqueous, 93, 483
diffusive attenuation coefficient,
30
dirty bubbles, 398, 399, 486, See
hydrodynamically dirty bubbles
discrete convective elements, 78,
80, 266, 272