THE NEAR-SURFACE LAYER OF THE OCEAN
564
dissipation
viscous, 10, 266
dissipation method, 212
dissipation of turbulent kinetic
energy, 208, 431
dissipation of wave energy, 52, 88
dissipation rate of the turbulent
kinetic energy, 59, 60, 68, 104,
147, 149, 151, 153, 154, 167,
169, 170, 173, 179, 187, 190,
193, 195, 197, 198, 201, 202,
207, 323, 382, 383, 401, 403,
484
dissolved organic matter, 75, 76,
452
dissolved oxygen, 457, 490
sensor, 490
diurnal
cycle, 143, 198, 220, 224, 243,
259, 390
jet, 236, 237, 240, 245, 246,
248, 301, 351, 352, 354, 392
mixed layer, 71, 73, 116, 220,
221, 222, 223, 231, 232, 235,
237, 239, 241, 244, 245, 246,
248, 250, 251, 252, 253, 255,
257, 258, 261, 263, 264, 268,
269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274,
275, 276, 278, 348, 373, 392,
490, 491
mixed layer models, 117, 119
thermocline, 2, 71, 116, 117,
118, 213, 219, 220, 221, 222,
224, 226, 231, 232, 235, 238,
240, 241, 242, 243, 245, 246,
248, 250, 252, 253, 257, 270,
275, 276, 287, 346, 349, 489,
491
drag coefficient, 14, 132, 155,
238, 283, 397, 408, 415, 435,
437
drifters, 236, 243, 310
dry particle diameter, 420
dust storms, 203, 408
Ekman’s
length scale, 215, 263, 264
spiral, 56, 59, 362
theory, 55, 56, 57, 59
El Niño, 65, 235, 497
enstrophy, 148, 286, 288
equilibrium buoyancy spectrum,
303
equilibrium supersaturation, 480,
481, 485
evaporation rate, 12
exitance, 20
longwave, 19
spectral, 21
Fick’s law, 7
film, 75, 86, See surface film
film droplets, 411, 414, 421
fine structure, 219, 460
Fourier’s law, 7
Fourier-Stieltjes integral, 50, 156
free convection. See convection
free surface, 46, 71, 76, 144, 147,
364, 385, 393
free-ascending instrument. See
free-rising profiler
free-rising profiler, 71, 78, 114,
156, 159, 173, 196, 236, 248,
253, 254, 269, 275, 362, 363,
492
freshwater cycling, 221, 501, 502
freshwater flux, 12, 35, 65, 68,
120, 129, 131, 219, 227, 235,
286, 314, 472, 496, 499
freshwater skin of the ocean, 54,
73, 120, 124, 129, 131, 140
Fresnel’s formula, 27
friction velocity, 52, 57, 84, 89,
96, 99, 101, 102, 131, 134, 138,
147, 187, 190, 205, 215, 263,
564
dissipation
viscous, 10, 266
dissipation method, 212
dissipation of turbulent kinetic
energy, 208, 431
dissipation of wave energy, 52, 88
dissipation rate of the turbulent
kinetic energy, 59, 60, 68, 104,
147, 149, 151, 153, 154, 167,
169, 170, 173, 179, 187, 190,
193, 195, 197, 198, 201, 202,
207, 323, 382, 383, 401, 403,
484
dissolved organic matter, 75, 76,
452
dissolved oxygen, 457, 490
sensor, 490
diurnal
cycle, 143, 198, 220, 224, 243,
259, 390
jet, 236, 237, 240, 245, 246,
248, 301, 351, 352, 354, 392
mixed layer, 71, 73, 116, 220,
221, 222, 223, 231, 232, 235,
237, 239, 241, 244, 245, 246,
248, 250, 251, 252, 253, 255,
257, 258, 261, 263, 264, 268,
269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274,
275, 276, 278, 348, 373, 392,
490, 491
mixed layer models, 117, 119
thermocline, 2, 71, 116, 117,
118, 213, 219, 220, 221, 222,
224, 226, 231, 232, 235, 238,
240, 241, 242, 243, 245, 246,
248, 250, 252, 253, 257, 270,
275, 276, 287, 346, 349, 489,
491
drag coefficient, 14, 132, 155,
238, 283, 397, 408, 415, 435,
437
drifters, 236, 243, 310
dry particle diameter, 420
dust storms, 203, 408
Ekman’s
length scale, 215, 263, 264
spiral, 56, 59, 362
theory, 55, 56, 57, 59
El Niño, 65, 235, 497
enstrophy, 148, 286, 288
equilibrium buoyancy spectrum,
303
equilibrium supersaturation, 480,
481, 485
evaporation rate, 12
exitance, 20
longwave, 19
spectral, 21
Fick’s law, 7
film, 75, 86, See surface film
film droplets, 411, 414, 421
fine structure, 219, 460
Fourier’s law, 7
Fourier-Stieltjes integral, 50, 156
free convection. See convection
free surface, 46, 71, 76, 144, 147,
364, 385, 393
free-ascending instrument. See
free-rising profiler
free-rising profiler, 71, 78, 114,
156, 159, 173, 196, 236, 248,
253, 254, 269, 275, 362, 363,
492
freshwater cycling, 221, 501, 502
freshwater flux, 12, 35, 65, 68,
120, 129, 131, 219, 227, 235,
286, 314, 472, 496, 499
freshwater skin of the ocean, 54,
73, 120, 124, 129, 131, 140
Fresnel’s formula, 27
friction velocity, 52, 57, 84, 89,
96, 99, 101, 102, 131, 134, 138,
147, 187, 190, 205, 215, 263,