52
Weferetal.
Rohling EI, Bigg GR (1998) Paleosalinity and 8 18 0: A
critical assessmentJ Geogr Res 103: 1307-1318
Romero 0, Lange CB, Swap RJ, Wefer G (1999) Eoliantransported freshwater diatoms and phytoliths
across the equatorial Atlantic record temporal
changes in Saharan dust transport patterns. J
Geophys Res 104: 3211
Rosell-Mele A, Eglinton G, pflaumann U, Sarnthein M
(1995) Atlantic core-top calibration of the U k ']7 index
as a sea-surface palaeotemperature indicator.
Geochim Cosmochim Acta 59: 3099-3107
Rosenthal Y, Boyle EA (1993) Factors controlling the
fluoride content of planktonic Foraminifers: an evaluation of its paleoceanographic applicability. Geochim
Cosmochim Acta 57: 335-346
Rossignol-Strick M (1983) African monsoons, an immediate climate response to orbital insolation. Nature
303:46-49
Rostek F, Ruhland G, Bassinot FC, Mueller PI, Labeyrie
LD, Lancelot Y, Bard E (1993) Reconstructing sea
surface temperature and salinity using 8 18 0 and
alkenone records. Nature 364: 319-321
Ruddiman WF (1971) Pleistocene sedimentation in the
equatorial Atlantic: stratigraphy and faunal
paleoclimatology. Geol Soc Amer Bull 82: 283-302
RUhlemann C, Frank M, Hale W, Mangini A, Mulitza S,
MUller PI, Wefer G (1996) Late Quaternary productivity changes in the western equatorial Atlantic:
Evidence from 23°Th-normalised carbonate and organic carbon accumulation rates. Mar Geol 135: 127152
Ruhlin DE, Owen RM (1986) The rare-earth element
geochemistry of hydrothermal sediments from the
East Pacific Rise: examination of a seawater scavenging mechanism. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 50:
393-400
Rutgers van der LoeffMM, Berger GW (1993) Scavenging of 23 °Th and 231Pa near the Antarctic Front in the
South Atlantic. Deep-Sea Res 40: 339-357
Ruttenberg KC, Goni MA (1997) Phosphorus distribution, C:N:P ratios, and 8 B C DO in arctic, temperate, and
tropical coastal sediments: tools for characterizing
bulk sedimentary organic matter. Chern Geol139:
123-145
Saager P (1994) On the relationship between dissolved
trace metals and nutrients in seawater. Implications
for the use of cadmium as a paleoceanographic
tracer. PhD Thesis, Free University of Amsterdam,
pp 1-240
Saager PM, de Baar HJW (1993) Limitations to the quantitative application of Cd as a paleoceanographic
tracer, based on results of a multi-box model (MENU)
and statistical considerations. Global Planet Change
8:69-92
Sachs HM (1973) Late Pleistocene history of the North
Pacific: evidence from a quantitative study of
radiolaria in Core V21-173. Quat Res 3: 89-98
Sackett WM (1964) The depositional history and isotopic organic carbon composition of marine
sediments. Mar Geol2: 173-185
Sancetta C (1989) Processes controlling the accumulation of diatoms in sediments: a model derived from
Britisch Columbian fjords. Paleoceanography 4:
235-251
Sanyal A, Bijma I (subm) Are northwest African and
eastern equatorial Pacific upwelling zones sources
or sinks for CO, during glacial periods? An old question revisited with a new approach (boron isotope
paleo-pH estimates). Paleoceanography
Sanyal A, Hemming NG, Hanson GN, Broecker WS (1995)
Evidence for a higher pH in the glacial ocean from
boron isotopes in foraminifers. Nature 373: 234-236
Sanyal A, Hemming NG, Broecker WS, Lea DW, Spero
HJ, Hanson GN (1996) Oceanic pH control on the
boron isotopic composition of foraminifers: evidence from culture experiments. Paleoceanography
II: 513-517
Samthein M (1978) Sand deserts during glacial maximum
and climatic optimum. Nature 271: 43-46
Sarnthein M, Tetzlaff G, Koopmann B, Wolter K,
pflaumann U (l98Ia) Glacial and interglacial wind
regimes over the eastern subtropical Atlantik and
north-west Africa. Nature 293: 193-196
Sarnthein M, Thiede I, Pflaum ann U, Erlenkeuser H,
FUtterer D, Koopmann B, Lange H, Seibold E (1981 b)
Atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns off
Northwest Africa during the past 25 Million years.
In: Rad U von, Hinz K, Sarnthein M, Seibold E (eds)
Geology of the Northwest African continental margin. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York,
pp584-604
Samthein M, Winn K, Zahn R(1987) Paleoproductivity
of oceanic upwelling and the effect on atmospheric
CO" and climatic change during deglaciation times.
In: Berger WH, Labeyrie LD (eds) Abrupt Climatic
Change. NATO ASI Series C 216, Reidel, Dordrecht,
pp311-337
Sarnthein M, Winn K, Duplessy I-C, Fontugne MR
(1988) Global variations of surface ocean productivity in low and middle latitudes: influence on the CO 2
reservoirs of the deep ocean and the atmosphere
during the last 21,000 years. Paleoceanography 3:
361-399
Sarnthein M, Pflaumann U, Ross R, Tiedemann R, Winn
Weferetal.
Rohling EI, Bigg GR (1998) Paleosalinity and 8 18 0: A
critical assessmentJ Geogr Res 103: 1307-1318
Romero 0, Lange CB, Swap RJ, Wefer G (1999) Eoliantransported freshwater diatoms and phytoliths
across the equatorial Atlantic record temporal
changes in Saharan dust transport patterns. J
Geophys Res 104: 3211
Rosell-Mele A, Eglinton G, pflaumann U, Sarnthein M
(1995) Atlantic core-top calibration of the U k ']7 index
as a sea-surface palaeotemperature indicator.
Geochim Cosmochim Acta 59: 3099-3107
Rosenthal Y, Boyle EA (1993) Factors controlling the
fluoride content of planktonic Foraminifers: an evaluation of its paleoceanographic applicability. Geochim
Cosmochim Acta 57: 335-346
Rossignol-Strick M (1983) African monsoons, an immediate climate response to orbital insolation. Nature
303:46-49
Rostek F, Ruhland G, Bassinot FC, Mueller PI, Labeyrie
LD, Lancelot Y, Bard E (1993) Reconstructing sea
surface temperature and salinity using 8 18 0 and
alkenone records. Nature 364: 319-321
Ruddiman WF (1971) Pleistocene sedimentation in the
equatorial Atlantic: stratigraphy and faunal
paleoclimatology. Geol Soc Amer Bull 82: 283-302
RUhlemann C, Frank M, Hale W, Mangini A, Mulitza S,
MUller PI, Wefer G (1996) Late Quaternary productivity changes in the western equatorial Atlantic:
Evidence from 23°Th-normalised carbonate and organic carbon accumulation rates. Mar Geol 135: 127152
Ruhlin DE, Owen RM (1986) The rare-earth element
geochemistry of hydrothermal sediments from the
East Pacific Rise: examination of a seawater scavenging mechanism. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 50:
393-400
Rutgers van der LoeffMM, Berger GW (1993) Scavenging of 23 °Th and 231Pa near the Antarctic Front in the
South Atlantic. Deep-Sea Res 40: 339-357
Ruttenberg KC, Goni MA (1997) Phosphorus distribution, C:N:P ratios, and 8 B C DO in arctic, temperate, and
tropical coastal sediments: tools for characterizing
bulk sedimentary organic matter. Chern Geol139:
123-145
Saager P (1994) On the relationship between dissolved
trace metals and nutrients in seawater. Implications
for the use of cadmium as a paleoceanographic
tracer. PhD Thesis, Free University of Amsterdam,
pp 1-240
Saager PM, de Baar HJW (1993) Limitations to the quantitative application of Cd as a paleoceanographic
tracer, based on results of a multi-box model (MENU)
and statistical considerations. Global Planet Change
8:69-92
Sachs HM (1973) Late Pleistocene history of the North
Pacific: evidence from a quantitative study of
radiolaria in Core V21-173. Quat Res 3: 89-98
Sackett WM (1964) The depositional history and isotopic organic carbon composition of marine
sediments. Mar Geol2: 173-185
Sancetta C (1989) Processes controlling the accumulation of diatoms in sediments: a model derived from
Britisch Columbian fjords. Paleoceanography 4:
235-251
Sanyal A, Bijma I (subm) Are northwest African and
eastern equatorial Pacific upwelling zones sources
or sinks for CO, during glacial periods? An old question revisited with a new approach (boron isotope
paleo-pH estimates). Paleoceanography
Sanyal A, Hemming NG, Hanson GN, Broecker WS (1995)
Evidence for a higher pH in the glacial ocean from
boron isotopes in foraminifers. Nature 373: 234-236
Sanyal A, Hemming NG, Broecker WS, Lea DW, Spero
HJ, Hanson GN (1996) Oceanic pH control on the
boron isotopic composition of foraminifers: evidence from culture experiments. Paleoceanography
II: 513-517
Samthein M (1978) Sand deserts during glacial maximum
and climatic optimum. Nature 271: 43-46
Sarnthein M, Tetzlaff G, Koopmann B, Wolter K,
pflaumann U (l98Ia) Glacial and interglacial wind
regimes over the eastern subtropical Atlantik and
north-west Africa. Nature 293: 193-196
Sarnthein M, Thiede I, Pflaum ann U, Erlenkeuser H,
FUtterer D, Koopmann B, Lange H, Seibold E (1981 b)
Atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns off
Northwest Africa during the past 25 Million years.
In: Rad U von, Hinz K, Sarnthein M, Seibold E (eds)
Geology of the Northwest African continental margin. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York,
pp584-604
Samthein M, Winn K, Zahn R(1987) Paleoproductivity
of oceanic upwelling and the effect on atmospheric
CO" and climatic change during deglaciation times.
In: Berger WH, Labeyrie LD (eds) Abrupt Climatic
Change. NATO ASI Series C 216, Reidel, Dordrecht,
pp311-337
Sarnthein M, Winn K, Duplessy I-C, Fontugne MR
(1988) Global variations of surface ocean productivity in low and middle latitudes: influence on the CO 2
reservoirs of the deep ocean and the atmosphere
during the last 21,000 years. Paleoceanography 3:
361-399
Sarnthein M, Pflaumann U, Ross R, Tiedemann R, Winn