340
RUhlemann et al.
Bramlette, MN (1961) Pelagic sediments. In: Sears M (ed)
Oceanography. Amer Assoc Adv Sci Pub 67,
pp345-366
Broecker WS (1982) Ocean chemistry during glacial time.
Geochim Cosmochim Acta 46: 1689-1699
Broecker WS, Peng T-H (1993) What caused the glacial
to interglacial CO 2 change? In: Heimann M (ed) The
Global Carbon Cycle. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg
NewYork,pp95-115
Broecker WS, Takahashi T (1978) The relationship between lysocline depth and in situ carbonate ion concentration. Deep-Sea Res 25: 65-95
Bruland KW, Bienfang PK, Bishop JKB, Eglinton G,
Ittekkot VA W, Lampitt, Samthein M, Thiede J, Walsh
n, Wefer G (1989) Flux to the seafloor. In: Berger WH,
Smetacek VS, Wefer G (eds) Productivity of the
ocean: Present and Past. J Wiley & Sons, Chichester,pp 193-219
Brummer GJA, van Eijden AJM (1992) "Blue ocean"
paleoproductivity estimates from pelagic carbonate
mass accumulation rates. Mar Micropaleontol 19:
99-117
Brumsack H-J (1980) Geochemistry of Cretaceous black
shales from the Atlantic Ocean (DSDP Legs 11, 14,
36, and 41). ChemGeol31: 1-25
Cai W-J, Sayles FL (1996) Oxygen penetration depths
and fluxes in marine sediments. Mar Chern 52:
123-131
Canfield DE (1994) Factors influencing organic carbon
preservation in marine sediments. Chern Geol 114:
315-329
Cepek M, Wefer G (1998) Lateral distribution and depth
stratification ofliving coccolithophorids in the subtropical South Atlantic: differences between
Benguela Current and subtropical gyre with respect
to temperature and nutrients. J Mar Res, subm
Charles CD, Froehlich PN, Zibello MA, Mortlock RA,
Morely JJ (1991) Biogenic opal in southern ocean
sediments over the last 450,000 years: Implications
for surface water chemistry and circulation.
Paleoceanography 6: 697-728
Curry WB, Lohmann GP (1985) Carbon deposition rates
and deep water residence time in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean throughout the last 160,000 years. In:
SundquistET, Broecker WS (eds) The Carbon Cycle and Atmospheric CO,: Natural Variations
Archean to Present. Geophys Monogr 32, Amer
Geophys Union, Washington DC, pp 285-301
Curry WB, Lohmann GP (1990) Reconstructing past
particle fluxes in the tropical Atlantic Ocean.
Paleoceanography 5: 487-505
De Lange GJ, van Os B, Pruysers PA, Middleburg n,
Castradori D, van Santvoort P, Muller P J, Eggenkamp
H, Prahl FG (1994) Possible early diagenetic alteration of palaeo proxies. In: Zahn R, Pedersen TF,
Kaminski MA, Labeyrie L (eds) Carbon Cycling in
the Glacial Ocean: Constraints on the Ocean's Role
in Global Change. NATO ASI Series, Vol 17, Springer,
Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 225-258
DeVries T J, Schrader H (1981) Variation of upwelling/
oceanic conditions during the latest Pleistocene
through Holocene offthe central Peruvian coast: a
diatom record. Mar Micropaleontol6: 157-167
Diester-Haass L (1985) Late Quaternary sedimentation
on the eastern Walvis Ridge, SE Atlantic (HPC 532
and four piston cores). Mar Geo165: 145-189
Diester-Haass L, MUller P J (1979): Processes influencing sand fraction composition and organic matter
content in surface sediments off W Africa (12-19°
N). "Meteor" ForschErgebn Reihe C 31: 21-47
Duce RA, Liss PS, Merrill JT, Atlas EL, Buat-Menard P,
Hicks BB, Miller JM, Pro spero JM, Arimoto R,
Church TM, Ellis W, Galloway IN, Hansen L, J ickells
TD, Knap AH, Reinhardt KH, Schneider B, Soudine
A, Tokos n, Tsunogai S, WollastR, Zhou M (1991)
The atmospheric input of trace species to the world
ocean. Global Biogeochem Cycles 5: 193-259
Duplessy J-D, Shackleton NJ, Fairbanks RG, Labeyrie
L, Oppo D, Kallel N (1988) Deepwater source
variations during the last climatic cycle and their
impact on the global deepwater circulation.
Paleoceanography 3: 343-360
Elderfield H (1990) Tracers of ocean paleoproductivity
and paleochemistry: An introduction. Paleoceanography5:71l-717
Emerson S (1985) Organic carbon preservation in marine sediments. In: SundquistET, BroeckerWS (eds)
The Carbon Cycle and Atmospheric CO,: Natural
Variations Archean to Present. Geophys Monogr 32,
Amer Geophys Union, Washington DC,
pp78-87
Emerson S, Bender M (1981) Carbon fluxes at the sediment water interface of the deep-sea: Calcium carbonate preservation. J Mar Res 39: 139-162
Emerson S, Hedges II (1988) Processes controlling the
organic carbon content of open ocean sediments.
Paleoceanography 3: 621-634
Engel MH, Macko SA (eds) (1993) Organic Geochemistry. Plenum, New York, pp 1-861
Eppley R W (1980) Autotrophic production of particulate
matter. In: Longhurst A (ed) Analysis of Marine Ecosystems. Academic Press, London, pp 343-361
Eppley RW, Peterson BJ (1979) Particulate organic matter flux and planktonic new production in the deep
RUhlemann et al.
Bramlette, MN (1961) Pelagic sediments. In: Sears M (ed)
Oceanography. Amer Assoc Adv Sci Pub 67,
pp345-366
Broecker WS (1982) Ocean chemistry during glacial time.
Geochim Cosmochim Acta 46: 1689-1699
Broecker WS, Peng T-H (1993) What caused the glacial
to interglacial CO 2 change? In: Heimann M (ed) The
Global Carbon Cycle. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg
NewYork,pp95-115
Broecker WS, Takahashi T (1978) The relationship between lysocline depth and in situ carbonate ion concentration. Deep-Sea Res 25: 65-95
Bruland KW, Bienfang PK, Bishop JKB, Eglinton G,
Ittekkot VA W, Lampitt, Samthein M, Thiede J, Walsh
n, Wefer G (1989) Flux to the seafloor. In: Berger WH,
Smetacek VS, Wefer G (eds) Productivity of the
ocean: Present and Past. J Wiley & Sons, Chichester,pp 193-219
Brummer GJA, van Eijden AJM (1992) "Blue ocean"
paleoproductivity estimates from pelagic carbonate
mass accumulation rates. Mar Micropaleontol 19:
99-117
Brumsack H-J (1980) Geochemistry of Cretaceous black
shales from the Atlantic Ocean (DSDP Legs 11, 14,
36, and 41). ChemGeol31: 1-25
Cai W-J, Sayles FL (1996) Oxygen penetration depths
and fluxes in marine sediments. Mar Chern 52:
123-131
Canfield DE (1994) Factors influencing organic carbon
preservation in marine sediments. Chern Geol 114:
315-329
Cepek M, Wefer G (1998) Lateral distribution and depth
stratification ofliving coccolithophorids in the subtropical South Atlantic: differences between
Benguela Current and subtropical gyre with respect
to temperature and nutrients. J Mar Res, subm
Charles CD, Froehlich PN, Zibello MA, Mortlock RA,
Morely JJ (1991) Biogenic opal in southern ocean
sediments over the last 450,000 years: Implications
for surface water chemistry and circulation.
Paleoceanography 6: 697-728
Curry WB, Lohmann GP (1985) Carbon deposition rates
and deep water residence time in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean throughout the last 160,000 years. In:
SundquistET, Broecker WS (eds) The Carbon Cycle and Atmospheric CO,: Natural Variations
Archean to Present. Geophys Monogr 32, Amer
Geophys Union, Washington DC, pp 285-301
Curry WB, Lohmann GP (1990) Reconstructing past
particle fluxes in the tropical Atlantic Ocean.
Paleoceanography 5: 487-505
De Lange GJ, van Os B, Pruysers PA, Middleburg n,
Castradori D, van Santvoort P, Muller P J, Eggenkamp
H, Prahl FG (1994) Possible early diagenetic alteration of palaeo proxies. In: Zahn R, Pedersen TF,
Kaminski MA, Labeyrie L (eds) Carbon Cycling in
the Glacial Ocean: Constraints on the Ocean's Role
in Global Change. NATO ASI Series, Vol 17, Springer,
Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 225-258
DeVries T J, Schrader H (1981) Variation of upwelling/
oceanic conditions during the latest Pleistocene
through Holocene offthe central Peruvian coast: a
diatom record. Mar Micropaleontol6: 157-167
Diester-Haass L (1985) Late Quaternary sedimentation
on the eastern Walvis Ridge, SE Atlantic (HPC 532
and four piston cores). Mar Geo165: 145-189
Diester-Haass L, MUller P J (1979): Processes influencing sand fraction composition and organic matter
content in surface sediments off W Africa (12-19°
N). "Meteor" ForschErgebn Reihe C 31: 21-47
Duce RA, Liss PS, Merrill JT, Atlas EL, Buat-Menard P,
Hicks BB, Miller JM, Pro spero JM, Arimoto R,
Church TM, Ellis W, Galloway IN, Hansen L, J ickells
TD, Knap AH, Reinhardt KH, Schneider B, Soudine
A, Tokos n, Tsunogai S, WollastR, Zhou M (1991)
The atmospheric input of trace species to the world
ocean. Global Biogeochem Cycles 5: 193-259
Duplessy J-D, Shackleton NJ, Fairbanks RG, Labeyrie
L, Oppo D, Kallel N (1988) Deepwater source
variations during the last climatic cycle and their
impact on the global deepwater circulation.
Paleoceanography 3: 343-360
Elderfield H (1990) Tracers of ocean paleoproductivity
and paleochemistry: An introduction. Paleoceanography5:71l-717
Emerson S (1985) Organic carbon preservation in marine sediments. In: SundquistET, BroeckerWS (eds)
The Carbon Cycle and Atmospheric CO,: Natural
Variations Archean to Present. Geophys Monogr 32,
Amer Geophys Union, Washington DC,
pp78-87
Emerson S, Bender M (1981) Carbon fluxes at the sediment water interface of the deep-sea: Calcium carbonate preservation. J Mar Res 39: 139-162
Emerson S, Hedges II (1988) Processes controlling the
organic carbon content of open ocean sediments.
Paleoceanography 3: 621-634
Engel MH, Macko SA (eds) (1993) Organic Geochemistry. Plenum, New York, pp 1-861
Eppley R W (1980) Autotrophic production of particulate
matter. In: Longhurst A (ed) Analysis of Marine Ecosystems. Academic Press, London, pp 343-361
Eppley RW, Peterson BJ (1979) Particulate organic matter flux and planktonic new production in the deep