Stable Carbon Isotopes in Benthic Foraminifera
251
Because one of the primary intentions of this
book is giving at hand students a state-of- the-art
compilation of the status of different paleoceanographic proxies, we dare to end up with the following simple statement: Before interpreting benthic
foraminiferal 8 B C-signals, paleoceanographers
need to carefully check whether at the site under
investigation, varibility in new production could have
influenced the stable isotope signal recorded in
the foraminiferal test, even if species are analyzed
that widely are considered as reliable and faithful
tools for paleoceanographic purposes, such as F.
wuellerstorfi·
Acknowledgments
We acknowledge the assistance of our colleagues
and the crews of Research Vessels Polarstern and
Meteor during numerous cruises into the Southern
and South Atlantic Oceans. We thank G. Meyer,
H. Raben and G. Traue for managing the stable isotope laboratory at A WI in Bremerhaven, as well
as M. Warnkross and S. Janisch for sample preparation. The operation of the mass spectrometer in
Bremen was supervised by M. Segl. The final version of this paper greatly benefited from a review
of E. Boyle and his numerous suggestions for
improvement. This is contribution 192 of the
Sonderforschungsbereich 261 at Bremen
University and publication no. 1477 of the Alfred
Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research,
Bremerhaven. Data are available under
www.pangaea.delProjects/SFB261.
References
Belanger PE, Curry WB, Matthews RK (1981) Core-top
evaluation of benthic foraminiferal isotopic ratios for
paleo-oceanographic interpretations. Palaeogeogr
PaiaeoclimatolPalaeoecol33: 205-220
Bennekom AJ van, Berger GW (1984) Hydrography and
silica budget of the Angola Basin. Neth J Sea Res
17(2-4): 149-200
Berger WH (1989) Appendix. Global maps of ocean productivity. In: Berger WH, Smetacek VS, Wefer G (eds)
Productivity of the Ocean: Present and Past. J Wiley
& Sons, New York, pp 429-455
Bickert T (1992) Rekonstruktion der spiitquartiiren
Bodenwasserzirkulation im iistlichen Stidatlantik
tiber stabile Isotope benthischer Foraminiferen. Ber
Fachber Geowiss Univ Bremen 27, pp 1-205
Bickert T, Wefer G (1996) Late Quaternary deep water
circulation in the South Atlantic: Reconstruction
from carbonate dissolution and benthic stable isotopes. In: WeferG, Berger WH, SiedlerG, WebbD
(eds) The South Atlantic: Present and Past Circulation. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York,
pp599-620
BickertT, Berger WH, Bwke S, SchmidtH, WeferG (1993)
Late Quaternary stable isotope record of benthic
foraminifera at sites 805 and 806, Ontong Java Plateau. In: Berger WH, Kroenke L W, Janecek TR, Sliter
WV (eds) Proc ODP Sci Results 130, College Station,
TX,pp411-420
Billett DSM, LampittRS, RiceAL, MantouraFC (1983)
Seasonal sedimentation of phytoplankton to the
deep-sea benthos. Nature 302: 520-522
Boyle EA (1988) The role of vertical chemical
fractionation in controlling late Quaternary atmospheric carbon dioxide. J Geophys Res 93(CI2):
15701-15714
Boyle EA (1992) Cadmium and I5 13 C paleochemical ocean
distributions during the stage 2 glacial maximum.
Ann Rev Earth Planet Sci 20: 245-287
Boyle EA (1994) A comparison of carbon isotopes and
cadmium in the modem and glacial maximum ocean:
can we account for the discrepancies? In: Zalm R,
Pedersen TF, Kaminski MA, Labeyrie L (eds) Carbon Cycling in the Glacial Ocean: Constraints on the
Ocean's Role in Global Change. NATO ASI Series I
17, Springer, Berlin HeidelbergNew York, pp 167-194
Boyle EA, Keigwin L (1987) North Atlantic thermohaline
circulation during the past 20,000 years linked to
high-latitude surface temperature. Nature 330: 35-40
Boyle EA, Rosenthal Y (1996) Chemical hydrography of
the South Atlantic during the last glacial maximum:
Cd vs.15 13 C. In: Wefer G, Berger WH, Siedler G, Webb
DJ (eds) The South Atlantic: Present and Past Circulation. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York,
pp423-443
Boyle EA, Sclater F, Edmond 1M (1976) On the marine
geochemistry of Cadmium. Nature 263: 42-44
Boyle EA, Labeyrie L, Duplessy J-C (1995) Calcitic
foraminiferal data confirmed by cadmium in
aragonitic Hoeglundina: Application to the last glacial maximum in the northern Indian Ocean.
Paleoceanography 10(5): 881-900
251
Because one of the primary intentions of this
book is giving at hand students a state-of- the-art
compilation of the status of different paleoceanographic proxies, we dare to end up with the following simple statement: Before interpreting benthic
foraminiferal 8 B C-signals, paleoceanographers
need to carefully check whether at the site under
investigation, varibility in new production could have
influenced the stable isotope signal recorded in
the foraminiferal test, even if species are analyzed
that widely are considered as reliable and faithful
tools for paleoceanographic purposes, such as F.
wuellerstorfi·
Acknowledgments
We acknowledge the assistance of our colleagues
and the crews of Research Vessels Polarstern and
Meteor during numerous cruises into the Southern
and South Atlantic Oceans. We thank G. Meyer,
H. Raben and G. Traue for managing the stable isotope laboratory at A WI in Bremerhaven, as well
as M. Warnkross and S. Janisch for sample preparation. The operation of the mass spectrometer in
Bremen was supervised by M. Segl. The final version of this paper greatly benefited from a review
of E. Boyle and his numerous suggestions for
improvement. This is contribution 192 of the
Sonderforschungsbereich 261 at Bremen
University and publication no. 1477 of the Alfred
Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research,
Bremerhaven. Data are available under
www.pangaea.delProjects/SFB261.
References
Belanger PE, Curry WB, Matthews RK (1981) Core-top
evaluation of benthic foraminiferal isotopic ratios for
paleo-oceanographic interpretations. Palaeogeogr
PaiaeoclimatolPalaeoecol33: 205-220
Bennekom AJ van, Berger GW (1984) Hydrography and
silica budget of the Angola Basin. Neth J Sea Res
17(2-4): 149-200
Berger WH (1989) Appendix. Global maps of ocean productivity. In: Berger WH, Smetacek VS, Wefer G (eds)
Productivity of the Ocean: Present and Past. J Wiley
& Sons, New York, pp 429-455
Bickert T (1992) Rekonstruktion der spiitquartiiren
Bodenwasserzirkulation im iistlichen Stidatlantik
tiber stabile Isotope benthischer Foraminiferen. Ber
Fachber Geowiss Univ Bremen 27, pp 1-205
Bickert T, Wefer G (1996) Late Quaternary deep water
circulation in the South Atlantic: Reconstruction
from carbonate dissolution and benthic stable isotopes. In: WeferG, Berger WH, SiedlerG, WebbD
(eds) The South Atlantic: Present and Past Circulation. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York,
pp599-620
BickertT, Berger WH, Bwke S, SchmidtH, WeferG (1993)
Late Quaternary stable isotope record of benthic
foraminifera at sites 805 and 806, Ontong Java Plateau. In: Berger WH, Kroenke L W, Janecek TR, Sliter
WV (eds) Proc ODP Sci Results 130, College Station,
TX,pp411-420
Billett DSM, LampittRS, RiceAL, MantouraFC (1983)
Seasonal sedimentation of phytoplankton to the
deep-sea benthos. Nature 302: 520-522
Boyle EA (1988) The role of vertical chemical
fractionation in controlling late Quaternary atmospheric carbon dioxide. J Geophys Res 93(CI2):
15701-15714
Boyle EA (1992) Cadmium and I5 13 C paleochemical ocean
distributions during the stage 2 glacial maximum.
Ann Rev Earth Planet Sci 20: 245-287
Boyle EA (1994) A comparison of carbon isotopes and
cadmium in the modem and glacial maximum ocean:
can we account for the discrepancies? In: Zalm R,
Pedersen TF, Kaminski MA, Labeyrie L (eds) Carbon Cycling in the Glacial Ocean: Constraints on the
Ocean's Role in Global Change. NATO ASI Series I
17, Springer, Berlin HeidelbergNew York, pp 167-194
Boyle EA, Keigwin L (1987) North Atlantic thermohaline
circulation during the past 20,000 years linked to
high-latitude surface temperature. Nature 330: 35-40
Boyle EA, Rosenthal Y (1996) Chemical hydrography of
the South Atlantic during the last glacial maximum:
Cd vs.15 13 C. In: Wefer G, Berger WH, Siedler G, Webb
DJ (eds) The South Atlantic: Present and Past Circulation. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York,
pp423-443
Boyle EA, Sclater F, Edmond 1M (1976) On the marine
geochemistry of Cadmium. Nature 263: 42-44
Boyle EA, Labeyrie L, Duplessy J-C (1995) Calcitic
foraminiferal data confirmed by cadmium in
aragonitic Hoeglundina: Application to the last glacial maximum in the northern Indian Ocean.
Paleoceanography 10(5): 881-900