160
Zonneveld et al.
laboratory experiments are nowadays carried out
in which calcareous dinoflagellates are cultured
along gradients of different environmental parameters such as temperature, salinity, nutrient availability and light conditions. Furthermore, studies are
carried out relating the spatial distribution patterns
of calcareous cysts in South Atlantic and Arabian
Sea surface sediments to environmental and
oceanological parameters of the upper water column. Information on transport through the water
column and relocation of already settled cysts, as
well as data on preservation of cysts within the
water column and sediment-water interface can be
obtained by comparing cyst fluxes and associations
of cysts in sediment trap material recovered from
similar sites and different water depths, with those
ofthe underlying sediments. To date, such studies
are carried out at different institutes by studying
traps from sites in the Gulf of Nape Is (Mediterranean Sea), the Chinese Sea, the Equatorial South
Atlantic Ocean and the Arabian Sea.
The studies described above will definitely
greately enhance and refine our current knowledge
about calcareous dinoflagellate cysts. By using this
knowledge in paleoceanological studies, we might
purify paleoceanological reconstructions, leading to
a better understanding ofthe responces and influences of the oceans on global change.
This research was funded by the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (Sonderforschungsbereich 261 at Bremen University, Contribution
No.
184).
Data are available under
www.pangaea.de/Projects/SFB261.
References
An KA, Lassus P, Maggi P, Bardouil M, TruquetP (1992)
Dinoflagellate cyst changes and winter environmental conditions in Villaine Bay, southern Brittany
(France). BotMar35: 61-67
Anderson DM, Kulis DM, Binder BJ (1984) Sexuality
and cyst formation in the dinoflagellate Gonyaulax
tamarensis: cyst yield in batch cultures. J Phycol20:
418-425
Anderson DM, Lively JJ, Reardon EM, Price CA (1985a)
Sinking characteristics of dinoflagellate cysts.
LirnnolOceanogr30: 1000-1009
Anderson DM, Coats DW, Tyler MA (1985b) Encystment ofthe dinoflagellate Gyrodinium uncatenum:
temperature and nutrient effects. J Phycol 21:
200-206
Balech E (1967) Dinoflagellados neuvos 0 interesantes
del Golfo de Mexico y Caribe. Museo Argentino de
ciencias naturales "Bernadino Rivadavia" e Instituto
nacional de investigation de las ciensias naturales.
Rev Hidrobiol2: 77-126
Bickert T (1992) Rekonstruction der Spatquartaren
Bodenwasserzirkulation im ostlichen Siidatlantik
liber stabile Isotope benthischer Foraminiferen. Ber
Fachber Geowiss Univ Bremen 27, pp 1-205
Billups K, Spero HJ (1996) Reconstructing the stable
isotope geochemistry and paleotemperatures ofthe
equatorial Atlantic during the last 150,000 years: results from individual foraminifera. Paleoceanography
11:217-238
Binder BJ (1986) The physiology of dormany and germination in cysts of the marine dinoflagellate
Scrippsiella trochoidea. Doctoral Thesis, Woods
Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts
Institute ofTechnology, pp 1-181
Binder BJ, Anderson DM (1986) Green light mediated
photomorphogenesis in a dinoflagellate resting cyst.
Nature 322: 659-661
Binder BJ, Anderson DM (1987) Physiological and environmental control of germination in Scrippsiella
trochoidea (Dinophyceae) resting cysts. J Phycol
25:99-107
Binder BJ, Anderson DM (1990) Biochemical composition and metabolic activity of Scrippsiella
trochoidea (Dinophyceae) resting cysts. J Phycol
26:289-298
Blanco J (1983) Distribuci6n vertical asociaci6n al
sedimento de los quistes de dinoflage\lados en la ria
de Ares y Betanzos. Inv Pesq 52: 335-344
Blanco J (1989) Quistes de dinoflagellados de las costas
de Galicia. II Dinoflagellados Peridinioides. Scient
Mar 53: 797-812
Blanco J (1995) Cyst production in four species of neritic
dinoflagellates. JPlankton Res 17: 165-182
Bolch CJ, HallegraeffGM (1990) Dinoflagellate cysts in
Recent marine sediments from Tasmania, Australia.
BOIMar33: 173-192
Boyle E, Rosenthal Y (1996) Chemical hydrography of
the South Atlantic during the last glacial maximum
and the intensity of the global ocean circulation. In:
WeferG, BergerWH, SiedlerG, Webb DJ (eds) The
South Atlantic. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New
York,pp423-443
Braarud T (1957) Observations on Peridinium
trochoideum (Stein) Lemm. in culture. Nytt Magasin
for Botanik 6: 39-42
Zonneveld et al.
laboratory experiments are nowadays carried out
in which calcareous dinoflagellates are cultured
along gradients of different environmental parameters such as temperature, salinity, nutrient availability and light conditions. Furthermore, studies are
carried out relating the spatial distribution patterns
of calcareous cysts in South Atlantic and Arabian
Sea surface sediments to environmental and
oceanological parameters of the upper water column. Information on transport through the water
column and relocation of already settled cysts, as
well as data on preservation of cysts within the
water column and sediment-water interface can be
obtained by comparing cyst fluxes and associations
of cysts in sediment trap material recovered from
similar sites and different water depths, with those
ofthe underlying sediments. To date, such studies
are carried out at different institutes by studying
traps from sites in the Gulf of Nape Is (Mediterranean Sea), the Chinese Sea, the Equatorial South
Atlantic Ocean and the Arabian Sea.
The studies described above will definitely
greately enhance and refine our current knowledge
about calcareous dinoflagellate cysts. By using this
knowledge in paleoceanological studies, we might
purify paleoceanological reconstructions, leading to
a better understanding ofthe responces and influences of the oceans on global change.
This research was funded by the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (Sonderforschungsbereich 261 at Bremen University, Contribution
No.
184).
Data are available under
www.pangaea.de/Projects/SFB261.
References
An KA, Lassus P, Maggi P, Bardouil M, TruquetP (1992)
Dinoflagellate cyst changes and winter environmental conditions in Villaine Bay, southern Brittany
(France). BotMar35: 61-67
Anderson DM, Kulis DM, Binder BJ (1984) Sexuality
and cyst formation in the dinoflagellate Gonyaulax
tamarensis: cyst yield in batch cultures. J Phycol20:
418-425
Anderson DM, Lively JJ, Reardon EM, Price CA (1985a)
Sinking characteristics of dinoflagellate cysts.
LirnnolOceanogr30: 1000-1009
Anderson DM, Coats DW, Tyler MA (1985b) Encystment ofthe dinoflagellate Gyrodinium uncatenum:
temperature and nutrient effects. J Phycol 21:
200-206
Balech E (1967) Dinoflagellados neuvos 0 interesantes
del Golfo de Mexico y Caribe. Museo Argentino de
ciencias naturales "Bernadino Rivadavia" e Instituto
nacional de investigation de las ciensias naturales.
Rev Hidrobiol2: 77-126
Bickert T (1992) Rekonstruction der Spatquartaren
Bodenwasserzirkulation im ostlichen Siidatlantik
liber stabile Isotope benthischer Foraminiferen. Ber
Fachber Geowiss Univ Bremen 27, pp 1-205
Billups K, Spero HJ (1996) Reconstructing the stable
isotope geochemistry and paleotemperatures ofthe
equatorial Atlantic during the last 150,000 years: results from individual foraminifera. Paleoceanography
11:217-238
Binder BJ (1986) The physiology of dormany and germination in cysts of the marine dinoflagellate
Scrippsiella trochoidea. Doctoral Thesis, Woods
Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts
Institute ofTechnology, pp 1-181
Binder BJ, Anderson DM (1986) Green light mediated
photomorphogenesis in a dinoflagellate resting cyst.
Nature 322: 659-661
Binder BJ, Anderson DM (1987) Physiological and environmental control of germination in Scrippsiella
trochoidea (Dinophyceae) resting cysts. J Phycol
25:99-107
Binder BJ, Anderson DM (1990) Biochemical composition and metabolic activity of Scrippsiella
trochoidea (Dinophyceae) resting cysts. J Phycol
26:289-298
Blanco J (1983) Distribuci6n vertical asociaci6n al
sedimento de los quistes de dinoflage\lados en la ria
de Ares y Betanzos. Inv Pesq 52: 335-344
Blanco J (1989) Quistes de dinoflagellados de las costas
de Galicia. II Dinoflagellados Peridinioides. Scient
Mar 53: 797-812
Blanco J (1995) Cyst production in four species of neritic
dinoflagellates. JPlankton Res 17: 165-182
Bolch CJ, HallegraeffGM (1990) Dinoflagellate cysts in
Recent marine sediments from Tasmania, Australia.
BOIMar33: 173-192
Boyle E, Rosenthal Y (1996) Chemical hydrography of
the South Atlantic during the last glacial maximum
and the intensity of the global ocean circulation. In:
WeferG, BergerWH, SiedlerG, Webb DJ (eds) The
South Atlantic. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New
York,pp423-443
Braarud T (1957) Observations on Peridinium
trochoideum (Stein) Lemm. in culture. Nytt Magasin
for Botanik 6: 39-42