origin 8, 33ff
volume, spreading rate, sea level 150
hydrothermal circulation 292
(see also hot vents)
mid-Pleistocene revolution 253
Milankovitch, mechanism 246, 251
Cretaceous cycles 273
minerals, tables 318
Millepora (hydrozoan) 330
Minamata Disease 302
Miocene, cooling step 262
silica switch 263
duration 317
miogeosync1ine (= downwarp in crust
containing little deformed shallow marine
sediments) 53
Mississippi Delta 48, 140
mixed layer, sea floor 177 ff
mixing rate of ocean (ca 1000 yrs) 118
mixing of sediments by organisms 178ff
mobilism, concept 7
Moho (= Mohorovicic sound velocity
discontinuity) 23,41
molecular markers 159
molluscs, types 331
monoplacophorans 331
monsoonal climate 188
Monterey Canyon 61
Monterey Formation of California 84
montmorillonite (= smectite) 82, 223
formula 318
moraines 55
mountain building 40, 303
and sea level 150
and Sr isotopes 240
mud, definition 79, 321
mud volcanoes 76
mud (= clay + terrigenous silt)
deep sea 79
definition 321
muddy sea floor, substrate 172
Mya (bivalve) 117, 172
burrow 177
Mytilus (bivalve) 172
Nankai trough, seismic profile 54
nannofossils, definition 216
nasselarians (radiolarians) 218, 329
Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (foram) 189
neritic, definition 44
nickel in manganese deposits 289, 290
Niger Delta 48
-overlap 38, 51
Nile Valley 62
Subject Index 349
Ninety-East Ridge 32
nitrogen, abundance 322
Nitzschia (diatom) 159,329
Nome, Alaska, gold placers 287, 288
Nordic heat pump 261, 263
North Atlantic, circulation 111ff
gyre 113
anti-estuarine circulation 208
Deep Water (NADW) 120, 121ff, 226, 249
North Sea 55,108, 110, 114, 131
intertidal 132, 172, 173
petroleum 282
benthic biota 299
North Atlantic Basin, North American Basin 17
map 18
spreading rate 31
sea floor age map 36
fit of borders 38
margin structure 50
margin morphology 46, 47, 49
evaporite deposits 49
margin stratigraphy 149,284,271
ice-rafted sediments 71, 72
surface currents 112
deep currents 121ff
turbidity currents 64
glacial conditions 190
ice age sediments
Norwegian Sea 123
nuclear waste, disposal 301
nutrients 161, 188
trapping in humid basin 204
-depletion 186, 206
fast stripping of 222
see also productivity, upwelling
OAE, see oceanic anoxic events
obduction 53
obliquity of Earth's axis 252
ocean crust, composition 322
ocean gateways 260
ocean margins, see continental margins
ocean history and deep sea drilling II
Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) 4, 13
oceanic anoxic events 271, 273
oceanic crust, illustration 23
chemical composition 41
oceans, drainage areas 44
geographic statistics 315
offshore bars 103, 140
oil, fields, offshore 280
formation 274
exploration 283
pollution 284, 300
volume, spreading rate, sea level 150
hydrothermal circulation 292
(see also hot vents)
mid-Pleistocene revolution 253
Milankovitch, mechanism 246, 251
Cretaceous cycles 273
minerals, tables 318
Millepora (hydrozoan) 330
Minamata Disease 302
Miocene, cooling step 262
silica switch 263
duration 317
miogeosync1ine (= downwarp in crust
containing little deformed shallow marine
sediments) 53
Mississippi Delta 48, 140
mixed layer, sea floor 177 ff
mixing rate of ocean (ca 1000 yrs) 118
mixing of sediments by organisms 178ff
mobilism, concept 7
Moho (= Mohorovicic sound velocity
discontinuity) 23,41
molecular markers 159
molluscs, types 331
monoplacophorans 331
monsoonal climate 188
Monterey Canyon 61
Monterey Formation of California 84
montmorillonite (= smectite) 82, 223
formula 318
moraines 55
mountain building 40, 303
and sea level 150
and Sr isotopes 240
mud, definition 79, 321
mud volcanoes 76
mud (= clay + terrigenous silt)
deep sea 79
definition 321
muddy sea floor, substrate 172
Mya (bivalve) 117, 172
burrow 177
Mytilus (bivalve) 172
Nankai trough, seismic profile 54
nannofossils, definition 216
nasselarians (radiolarians) 218, 329
Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (foram) 189
neritic, definition 44
nickel in manganese deposits 289, 290
Niger Delta 48
-overlap 38, 51
Nile Valley 62
Subject Index 349
Ninety-East Ridge 32
nitrogen, abundance 322
Nitzschia (diatom) 159,329
Nome, Alaska, gold placers 287, 288
Nordic heat pump 261, 263
North Atlantic, circulation 111ff
gyre 113
anti-estuarine circulation 208
Deep Water (NADW) 120, 121ff, 226, 249
North Sea 55,108, 110, 114, 131
intertidal 132, 172, 173
petroleum 282
benthic biota 299
North Atlantic Basin, North American Basin 17
map 18
spreading rate 31
sea floor age map 36
fit of borders 38
margin structure 50
margin morphology 46, 47, 49
evaporite deposits 49
margin stratigraphy 149,284,271
ice-rafted sediments 71, 72
surface currents 112
deep currents 121ff
turbidity currents 64
glacial conditions 190
ice age sediments
Norwegian Sea 123
nuclear waste, disposal 301
nutrients 161, 188
trapping in humid basin 204
-depletion 186, 206
fast stripping of 222
see also productivity, upwelling
OAE, see oceanic anoxic events
obduction 53
obliquity of Earth's axis 252
ocean crust, composition 322
ocean gateways 260
ocean margins, see continental margins
ocean history and deep sea drilling II
Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) 4, 13
oceanic anoxic events 271, 273
oceanic crust, illustration 23
chemical composition 41
oceans, drainage areas 44
geographic statistics 315
offshore bars 103, 140
oil, fields, offshore 280
formation 274
exploration 283
pollution 284, 300