511
extent of glaciation limited by marine gas-hydrates:
Geophysical Research Letters, 18: 432-434.
Paull, C.K., Ussler III, W., and Borowski, W., 1994.
Sources of biogenic methane to form marine gas
hydrates - In situ production or upward migration?:
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 715:
392-409.
Paull, C.K., Matsumoto, R., and Wallace, P.J., 1996.
Proceedings of the ODP, Initial Reports: College
Station, TX, 623 pp.
Paull, C.K., Matsumoto, R., Wallace, P.J., and Dillon, W.P.,
2000, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program,
Scientifc Results: College Station TX, 459 pp.
Reed, D.W., Fujita, Y., Delwiche, M.E., Blackwelder,
D.B., Sheridan, P.P., Uchida, T., and Colwell, F.S.
2002. Microbial communities from methane-hydrate
bearing deep marine sediments in a forearc basin.
Applied Environmental Microbiology, 20002, 37593770.
Ritger, S., Carson, B., and Suess, E., 1987. Methanederived authigenic carbonates formed by subductioninduced pore-water expulsion along the Oregon/
Washington margin: Geological Society of America
Bulletin, 98: 147-156.
Ruppel, C., Dickens, G.R., Castellini, D.G., Gilhooly, W.,
and Lizarralde, D., 2005. Heat and salt inhibition of
gas hydrate formation in the northern Gulf of
Mexico: Geophysical Research Letters, 32: L04605,
doi:10.1029/2004GL021909.
Sahling, H., Rickert, D., Lee, R.W., Linke, P., and Suess,
E., 2002. Macrofaunal community structure and
sulfide flux at gas hydrate deposits from the Cascadia
convergent margin: Marine Ecology Progress Series,
231: 121-138.
Sample, J., and Reid, M.R., 1998, Contrasting hydrogeological regimes along strike-slip and thrust faults
in the Oregon convergent margin: Evidence from the
chemistry of syntectonic carbonate cements and
veins: GSA Bulletin, 110: 48-59.
Sassen, R., Mac Donald, I.R., Requejo, A.G., Guinasso Jr,
N.L., Kennicutt II, M.C., Sweet, S.T., and Brooks,
J.M., 1994. Organic geochemistry of sediments from
chemosynthetic communities, Gulf of Mexico slope:
Geo-Marine Letters, 14: 110-119.
Schoell, M., 1988. Multiple origins of methane in the
Earth. Chemical Geology 71 (1-3): 1-10.
Shipley, T.H., Houston, M.H., Buffler, R.T., Shaub, F.J.,
McMillen, K.J., Ladd, J.W., and Worzel, J.L., 1979.
Seismic evidence for widespread possible gas hydrate
horizons on continetal slopes and rises. Am. Assoc.
Petrol. Geol. Bull., 63: 2204-2213.
Shipley, T.H., and Didyk, B.M., 1982. Occurrence of
methane hydrates offshore southern Mexico, in
Watkins, J.S., and Moore, J.C., eds., Initial Reports of
the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Volume 66, U.S.
Government Printing Office, pp. 547-555.
Shoji, H., and Langway, C.C., 1982. Air hydrate
inclusions in fresh ice core. Nature, 298:548-550.
Sloan, E.D.j., 1998. Physical/chemical properties of gas
hydrates and application to world margin stability and
climatic change, in Henriet, J.P., and Mienert, J.,
(eds.), Gas Hydrates: Relevance to World Margin
Stability and Climate Change, Volume 137: Special
Publications: London, Geological Society, pp. 31-50.
Stoll, R.D., Ewing, J.I., and Bryan, G.M., 1971.
Anomalous wave velocities in sediments containing
gas hydrates: Journal Geophys. Res, 76: 2090-2094.
Suess, E., and Whiticar, M.J., 1989. Methane-derived CO 2
in pore fluids expelled from the Oregon subduction
zone. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 71: 119-136.
Suess, E., Torres, M.E., Bohrmann, G., Collier, R.W.,
Greinert, J., Linke, L., Rehder, G., Tréhu, A.,
Wallmann, K., Winckler, G., and Zuleger, E., 1999.
Gas hydrate destabilization: enhanced dewatering,
benthic material turnover and large methane plumes
at the Cascadia convergent margin: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 170: 1-15.
Suess, E., Torres, M.E., Bohrmann, G., Collier, R.W.,
Rickert, D., Goldfinger, C., Linke, P., Heuser, A.,
Sahling, H., Heeschen, K., Jung, C., Nakamura, K.,
Greinert, J., Pfannkuche, O., Tréhu, A., Klinkhammer, G., Whiticar, M.C., Eisenhauer, A.,
Teichert, B., and Elvert, E., 2001. Sea floor methane
hydrates at Hydrate Ridge, Cascadia Margin, in Paull,
C. and Dillon W.P. ed., Natural gas hydrates:
Occurrence, distribution, and detection: Geophysical
Monograph 124: 87-98, American Geophysical
Union.
Takahashi, H., Japan Petroleum Exploration Co., L.,
Yonezawa, T., Corporation, J.N.O., Takedomi, Y.,
and Ministry of Economy, T.A.I., 2001. Exploration
for Natural Gas Hydrate in Nankai-Trough Wells
Offshore Japan, Offshore Technology Conference,
Volume 13040: Houston, Texas, OTC.
Teichert, B.M.A., Gussone, N., Eisenhauer, A., and
Bohrmann, G., 2004. Clathrites - Archives of nearseafloor pore water evolutions (
44 Ca,
13 C,
18 O) in seep
environments. Geology, 33: 213-216.
Teichert, B.M.A., Bohrmann, G., and Suess, E., 2005a.
Chemoherms on Hydrate Ridge: Unique microbially
mediated carbonate build ups in cold seep settings.
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,
227: 67-85.
Teichert, B.M.A., Bohrmann, G., Torres, M., and
Eisenhauer, A., 2005b. Fluid sources, fluid pathways
and diagenetic reactions across an accretionary prism
revealed by Sr and B geochemistry. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 239: 106-121.
Tissot, B., and Welte, H., 1992. Petroleum formation
and occurrence. Springer-Verlag, 536 pp.
Tomaru, H., Matsumoto, R., Torres, M.E., and Borowski,
W.S., subm., Geological and geochemical constraints
on the isotopic composition of interstitial waters
from the Hydrate Ridge region, Cascadia continental
margin.
Torres, M.E., Wallmann, K., Tréhu, A.M., Bohrmann, G.,
Borowski, W.S., and Tomaru, H., 2004. Gas hydrate
growth, methane transport, and chloride enrichment
at the southern summit of Hydrate Ridge, Cascadia
margin off Oregon. Earth and Planetary Science
Letters, 226: 225-241.
Tréhu, A.M, Bohrmann, G., Rack, F.R., Torres, M.E., et
al., 2003. Proc. ODP, Init. Repts., 204 [CD-ROM].
References
extent of glaciation limited by marine gas-hydrates:
Geophysical Research Letters, 18: 432-434.
Paull, C.K., Ussler III, W., and Borowski, W., 1994.
Sources of biogenic methane to form marine gas
hydrates - In situ production or upward migration?:
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 715:
392-409.
Paull, C.K., Matsumoto, R., and Wallace, P.J., 1996.
Proceedings of the ODP, Initial Reports: College
Station, TX, 623 pp.
Paull, C.K., Matsumoto, R., Wallace, P.J., and Dillon, W.P.,
2000, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program,
Scientifc Results: College Station TX, 459 pp.
Reed, D.W., Fujita, Y., Delwiche, M.E., Blackwelder,
D.B., Sheridan, P.P., Uchida, T., and Colwell, F.S.
2002. Microbial communities from methane-hydrate
bearing deep marine sediments in a forearc basin.
Applied Environmental Microbiology, 20002, 37593770.
Ritger, S., Carson, B., and Suess, E., 1987. Methanederived authigenic carbonates formed by subductioninduced pore-water expulsion along the Oregon/
Washington margin: Geological Society of America
Bulletin, 98: 147-156.
Ruppel, C., Dickens, G.R., Castellini, D.G., Gilhooly, W.,
and Lizarralde, D., 2005. Heat and salt inhibition of
gas hydrate formation in the northern Gulf of
Mexico: Geophysical Research Letters, 32: L04605,
doi:10.1029/2004GL021909.
Sahling, H., Rickert, D., Lee, R.W., Linke, P., and Suess,
E., 2002. Macrofaunal community structure and
sulfide flux at gas hydrate deposits from the Cascadia
convergent margin: Marine Ecology Progress Series,
231: 121-138.
Sample, J., and Reid, M.R., 1998, Contrasting hydrogeological regimes along strike-slip and thrust faults
in the Oregon convergent margin: Evidence from the
chemistry of syntectonic carbonate cements and
veins: GSA Bulletin, 110: 48-59.
Sassen, R., Mac Donald, I.R., Requejo, A.G., Guinasso Jr,
N.L., Kennicutt II, M.C., Sweet, S.T., and Brooks,
J.M., 1994. Organic geochemistry of sediments from
chemosynthetic communities, Gulf of Mexico slope:
Geo-Marine Letters, 14: 110-119.
Schoell, M., 1988. Multiple origins of methane in the
Earth. Chemical Geology 71 (1-3): 1-10.
Shipley, T.H., Houston, M.H., Buffler, R.T., Shaub, F.J.,
McMillen, K.J., Ladd, J.W., and Worzel, J.L., 1979.
Seismic evidence for widespread possible gas hydrate
horizons on continetal slopes and rises. Am. Assoc.
Petrol. Geol. Bull., 63: 2204-2213.
Shipley, T.H., and Didyk, B.M., 1982. Occurrence of
methane hydrates offshore southern Mexico, in
Watkins, J.S., and Moore, J.C., eds., Initial Reports of
the Deep Sea Drilling Project, Volume 66, U.S.
Government Printing Office, pp. 547-555.
Shoji, H., and Langway, C.C., 1982. Air hydrate
inclusions in fresh ice core. Nature, 298:548-550.
Sloan, E.D.j., 1998. Physical/chemical properties of gas
hydrates and application to world margin stability and
climatic change, in Henriet, J.P., and Mienert, J.,
(eds.), Gas Hydrates: Relevance to World Margin
Stability and Climate Change, Volume 137: Special
Publications: London, Geological Society, pp. 31-50.
Stoll, R.D., Ewing, J.I., and Bryan, G.M., 1971.
Anomalous wave velocities in sediments containing
gas hydrates: Journal Geophys. Res, 76: 2090-2094.
Suess, E., and Whiticar, M.J., 1989. Methane-derived CO 2
in pore fluids expelled from the Oregon subduction
zone. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 71: 119-136.
Suess, E., Torres, M.E., Bohrmann, G., Collier, R.W.,
Greinert, J., Linke, L., Rehder, G., Tréhu, A.,
Wallmann, K., Winckler, G., and Zuleger, E., 1999.
Gas hydrate destabilization: enhanced dewatering,
benthic material turnover and large methane plumes
at the Cascadia convergent margin: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 170: 1-15.
Suess, E., Torres, M.E., Bohrmann, G., Collier, R.W.,
Rickert, D., Goldfinger, C., Linke, P., Heuser, A.,
Sahling, H., Heeschen, K., Jung, C., Nakamura, K.,
Greinert, J., Pfannkuche, O., Tréhu, A., Klinkhammer, G., Whiticar, M.C., Eisenhauer, A.,
Teichert, B., and Elvert, E., 2001. Sea floor methane
hydrates at Hydrate Ridge, Cascadia Margin, in Paull,
C. and Dillon W.P. ed., Natural gas hydrates:
Occurrence, distribution, and detection: Geophysical
Monograph 124: 87-98, American Geophysical
Union.
Takahashi, H., Japan Petroleum Exploration Co., L.,
Yonezawa, T., Corporation, J.N.O., Takedomi, Y.,
and Ministry of Economy, T.A.I., 2001. Exploration
for Natural Gas Hydrate in Nankai-Trough Wells
Offshore Japan, Offshore Technology Conference,
Volume 13040: Houston, Texas, OTC.
Teichert, B.M.A., Gussone, N., Eisenhauer, A., and
Bohrmann, G., 2004. Clathrites - Archives of nearseafloor pore water evolutions (
44 Ca,
13 C,
18 O) in seep
environments. Geology, 33: 213-216.
Teichert, B.M.A., Bohrmann, G., and Suess, E., 2005a.
Chemoherms on Hydrate Ridge: Unique microbially
mediated carbonate build ups in cold seep settings.
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,
227: 67-85.
Teichert, B.M.A., Bohrmann, G., Torres, M., and
Eisenhauer, A., 2005b. Fluid sources, fluid pathways
and diagenetic reactions across an accretionary prism
revealed by Sr and B geochemistry. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 239: 106-121.
Tissot, B., and Welte, H., 1992. Petroleum formation
and occurrence. Springer-Verlag, 536 pp.
Tomaru, H., Matsumoto, R., Torres, M.E., and Borowski,
W.S., subm., Geological and geochemical constraints
on the isotopic composition of interstitial waters
from the Hydrate Ridge region, Cascadia continental
margin.
Torres, M.E., Wallmann, K., Tréhu, A.M., Bohrmann, G.,
Borowski, W.S., and Tomaru, H., 2004. Gas hydrate
growth, methane transport, and chloride enrichment
at the southern summit of Hydrate Ridge, Cascadia
margin off Oregon. Earth and Planetary Science
Letters, 226: 225-241.
Tréhu, A.M, Bohrmann, G., Rack, F.R., Torres, M.E., et
al., 2003. Proc. ODP, Init. Repts., 204 [CD-ROM].
References