13 Input from the Deep: Hot Vents and Cold Seeps
476
Economic Geology, 75: 485-627.
Gamo, T., Okamura, K., Charlou, J.L., Urabe, T.,
Auzende, J.M., Ishibashi, J., Shitashima, K., Chiba,
H., ManusFlux Shipboard Scientific Party, 1997.
Acidic and sulfate - rich hydrothermal fluids from the
Manus back-arc basin, Papua New Guinea. Geology,
25: 139-142.
German, C.R., and Von Damm, K.L., 2004, Hydrothermal processes. In: Holland, H.D., and Turekian,
K.K. (eds) Treatise on Geochemistry Volume 6: The
Oceans and Marine Geochemistry, Chapter 6.07,
Elsevier: 181-222.
Ginster, U., Mottl, M.J. and von Herzen, R.P., 1994.
Heat flux from black smokers on the Endeavour and
Cleft segments, Juan de Fuca Ridge. Journal of
Geophysical Research, 99: 4937-4950.
Goldfarb, M.S., Converse, D.R., Holland, H.D. and
Edmond, J.M., 1983. The genesis of hot spring
deposits on the East Pacific Rise, 21°N. Economic
Geology, Monograph, 5: 184-197.
Graham, U.M., Bluth, G.J. and Ohmoto, H., 1988.
Sulfide-sulfate chimneys on the East Pacific Rise, 11°
and 13°N latitudes. Part 1: Mineralogy and
paragenesis. Canadian Mineralogist, 26: 487-504.
Hajash, A., 1975. Hydrothermal processes along MidOcean Ridges: an experimental investigation.
Contributions in Mineralogy and Petrology, 53: 205226.
Halbach, P., Nakamura, K., Wahsner, M., Lange, J.,
Sakai, H., Käselitz, L., Hansen, R.D., Yamano, M.,
Post, J., Prause, B., Seifert, R., Michaelis, W.,
Teichmann, F., Kinoshita, M., Märten, A., Ishibashi,
J., Czerwinski, S. and Blum, N., 1989. Probable
modern analogue of Kuroko - type massiv sulphide
deposits in the Okinawa Trough back-arc basin.
Nature, 338: 496-499.
Hannington, M.D., Herzig, P.M., Scott, S.D., Thompson,
G. and Rona, P.A., 1991. Comparative mineralogy
and geochemistry of gold-bearing sulfide deposits on
the mid-ocean ridges. Marine Geology, 101: 217-248.
Hannington, M.D., Petersen, S., Jonasson, I.R. and
Franklin, J.M., 1994. Hydrothermal activity and
associated mineral deposits on the seafloor. Geological Survey of Canada Open File Report, 2915C:
Map 1:35,000,000 and CD-ROM.
Hannington, M.D., Jonasson, I.R., Herzig, P.M. and
Petersen, S., 1995. Physical, chemical processes of
seafloor mineralization at mid - ocean ridges. In:
Humphris, S.E. et al. (eds) Seafloor Hydrothermal
Systems. Physical, Chemical, Biological and Geological Interactions, AGU Geophysical Monograph, 91:
115-157.
Hannington, M.D., Galley, A.G., Herzig, P.M., and
Petersen, S., 1998. A comparison of the TAG Mound
and stockwork complex with Cyprus-type massive
sulfide deposits. In: Humprhis, S.E., Herzig, P.M.,
and Miller, D.J. (eds) Proceedings of the Ocean
Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 158: 389-415.
Hannington, M.D., de Ronde, C.E.J., and Petersen, S.,
2005. Sea-floor tectonics and submarine hydrothermal systems. 100
th
Anniversary Volume of
Economic Geology (in press).
Elderfield, H., and Schultz, A., 1996. Mid-ocean ridge
hydrothermal fluxes and the chemical composition
of the ocean. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary
Science, 24: 191-224.
Embley, R.W., Jonasson, I.R., Perfit, M.R., Franklin,
J.M., Tivey, M.A., Malahoff, A., Smith, M.F. and
Francis, T.J.G., 1988. Submersible investigation of an
extinct hydrothermal system on the Galapagos Ridge:
Sulfide mounds, stockwork zone, and differentiated
lavas. Canadian Mineralogist, 26: 517-539.
Embley, R.W., Chadwick, W.W., Jonasson, I.R., Petersen,
S., Butterfield, D., Tunnicliffe, V. and Juniper, K.,
1993. Geologic inference from a response to the first
remotely detected eruption on the mid - ocean ridge:
Coaxial Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge. American
Geophysical Union Transactions, 74: 619.
Embley, R.W. and Chadwick, W.W.(jr.), 1994. Volcanic
and hydrothermal processes associated with a recent
phase of seafloor spreading at the northern Cleft
segment: Juan de Fuca Ridge. Journal of Geophysical
Research, 99:4735-4740.
Feely, R.A., Lewison, M., Massoth, G.J., Robert-Galdo, G.,
Lavelle, J.W., Byrne, R.H., von Damm, K.L. and
Curl, H.C.(jr.), 1987. Composition and dissolution of
black smoker particulates from active vents on the
Juan de Fuca Ridge. Journal of Geophysical Research,
92:11347-11363.
Feely, R.A., Massoth, G.J., Trefry, J.H., Baker, E.T.,
Paulson, A.J. and Lebon, G.T., 1994. Composition
and sedimentation of hydrothermal plume particles
from North Cleft segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge.
Journal of Geophysical Research, 99: 4985-5006.
Feely, R.A., Gedron, J.F., Baker, E.T. and Lebon, G.T.,
1994. Hydrothermal plumes along the East Pacific
Rise, 8°40' to 11°50'N: Particle distribution and
composition. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,
128: 19-36.
Fouquet, Y., von Stackelberg, U., Charlou, J.L.,
Donval, J.L., Erzinger, J., Foucher, J.P., Herzig,
P.M., Mühe, R., Soakai, S., Wiedicke, M. and
Whitechurch, H., 1991. Hydrothermal activity and
metallogenesis in the Lau back - arc basin. Nature,
349: 778-781.
Fouquet, Y., von Stackelberg, U., Charlou, J.L.,
Erzinger, J., Herzig, P.M., Mühe, R. and Wiedicke,
M., 1993a. Metallogenesis in back-arc environment: the Lau Basin example. Economic Geology,
88: 2154-2181.
Fouquet, Y., Auclair, P., Cambon, P. and Etoubleau, J.,
1993b. Geological setting, mineralogical, and
geochemical investigation on sulfide deposits near
13°N on the East Pacific Rise. Marine Geology, 84:
145-178.
Francheteau, J., Needham, H.D., Choukroune, P.,
Juteau, T., Seguret, M., Ballard, R.D., Fox, P.J.,
Normark, W., Carranza, A., Cordoba, D., Guerrero,
J., Rangin, C., Bougault, H., Cambon, P. and
Hekinian, R., 1979. Massiv deep-sea sulphide ore
deposits discovered on the East Pacific Rise.
Nature, 277: 145-178.
Franklin, J.M., Lydon, J.W. and Sangster, D.F., 1981.
Volcanic - associated massiv sulfide deposits.
476
Economic Geology, 75: 485-627.
Gamo, T., Okamura, K., Charlou, J.L., Urabe, T.,
Auzende, J.M., Ishibashi, J., Shitashima, K., Chiba,
H., ManusFlux Shipboard Scientific Party, 1997.
Acidic and sulfate - rich hydrothermal fluids from the
Manus back-arc basin, Papua New Guinea. Geology,
25: 139-142.
German, C.R., and Von Damm, K.L., 2004, Hydrothermal processes. In: Holland, H.D., and Turekian,
K.K. (eds) Treatise on Geochemistry Volume 6: The
Oceans and Marine Geochemistry, Chapter 6.07,
Elsevier: 181-222.
Ginster, U., Mottl, M.J. and von Herzen, R.P., 1994.
Heat flux from black smokers on the Endeavour and
Cleft segments, Juan de Fuca Ridge. Journal of
Geophysical Research, 99: 4937-4950.
Goldfarb, M.S., Converse, D.R., Holland, H.D. and
Edmond, J.M., 1983. The genesis of hot spring
deposits on the East Pacific Rise, 21°N. Economic
Geology, Monograph, 5: 184-197.
Graham, U.M., Bluth, G.J. and Ohmoto, H., 1988.
Sulfide-sulfate chimneys on the East Pacific Rise, 11°
and 13°N latitudes. Part 1: Mineralogy and
paragenesis. Canadian Mineralogist, 26: 487-504.
Hajash, A., 1975. Hydrothermal processes along MidOcean Ridges: an experimental investigation.
Contributions in Mineralogy and Petrology, 53: 205226.
Halbach, P., Nakamura, K., Wahsner, M., Lange, J.,
Sakai, H., Käselitz, L., Hansen, R.D., Yamano, M.,
Post, J., Prause, B., Seifert, R., Michaelis, W.,
Teichmann, F., Kinoshita, M., Märten, A., Ishibashi,
J., Czerwinski, S. and Blum, N., 1989. Probable
modern analogue of Kuroko - type massiv sulphide
deposits in the Okinawa Trough back-arc basin.
Nature, 338: 496-499.
Hannington, M.D., Herzig, P.M., Scott, S.D., Thompson,
G. and Rona, P.A., 1991. Comparative mineralogy
and geochemistry of gold-bearing sulfide deposits on
the mid-ocean ridges. Marine Geology, 101: 217-248.
Hannington, M.D., Petersen, S., Jonasson, I.R. and
Franklin, J.M., 1994. Hydrothermal activity and
associated mineral deposits on the seafloor. Geological Survey of Canada Open File Report, 2915C:
Map 1:35,000,000 and CD-ROM.
Hannington, M.D., Jonasson, I.R., Herzig, P.M. and
Petersen, S., 1995. Physical, chemical processes of
seafloor mineralization at mid - ocean ridges. In:
Humphris, S.E. et al. (eds) Seafloor Hydrothermal
Systems. Physical, Chemical, Biological and Geological Interactions, AGU Geophysical Monograph, 91:
115-157.
Hannington, M.D., Galley, A.G., Herzig, P.M., and
Petersen, S., 1998. A comparison of the TAG Mound
and stockwork complex with Cyprus-type massive
sulfide deposits. In: Humprhis, S.E., Herzig, P.M.,
and Miller, D.J. (eds) Proceedings of the Ocean
Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 158: 389-415.
Hannington, M.D., de Ronde, C.E.J., and Petersen, S.,
2005. Sea-floor tectonics and submarine hydrothermal systems. 100
th
Anniversary Volume of
Economic Geology (in press).
Elderfield, H., and Schultz, A., 1996. Mid-ocean ridge
hydrothermal fluxes and the chemical composition
of the ocean. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary
Science, 24: 191-224.
Embley, R.W., Jonasson, I.R., Perfit, M.R., Franklin,
J.M., Tivey, M.A., Malahoff, A., Smith, M.F. and
Francis, T.J.G., 1988. Submersible investigation of an
extinct hydrothermal system on the Galapagos Ridge:
Sulfide mounds, stockwork zone, and differentiated
lavas. Canadian Mineralogist, 26: 517-539.
Embley, R.W., Chadwick, W.W., Jonasson, I.R., Petersen,
S., Butterfield, D., Tunnicliffe, V. and Juniper, K.,
1993. Geologic inference from a response to the first
remotely detected eruption on the mid - ocean ridge:
Coaxial Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge. American
Geophysical Union Transactions, 74: 619.
Embley, R.W. and Chadwick, W.W.(jr.), 1994. Volcanic
and hydrothermal processes associated with a recent
phase of seafloor spreading at the northern Cleft
segment: Juan de Fuca Ridge. Journal of Geophysical
Research, 99:4735-4740.
Feely, R.A., Lewison, M., Massoth, G.J., Robert-Galdo, G.,
Lavelle, J.W., Byrne, R.H., von Damm, K.L. and
Curl, H.C.(jr.), 1987. Composition and dissolution of
black smoker particulates from active vents on the
Juan de Fuca Ridge. Journal of Geophysical Research,
92:11347-11363.
Feely, R.A., Massoth, G.J., Trefry, J.H., Baker, E.T.,
Paulson, A.J. and Lebon, G.T., 1994. Composition
and sedimentation of hydrothermal plume particles
from North Cleft segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge.
Journal of Geophysical Research, 99: 4985-5006.
Feely, R.A., Gedron, J.F., Baker, E.T. and Lebon, G.T.,
1994. Hydrothermal plumes along the East Pacific
Rise, 8°40' to 11°50'N: Particle distribution and
composition. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,
128: 19-36.
Fouquet, Y., von Stackelberg, U., Charlou, J.L.,
Donval, J.L., Erzinger, J., Foucher, J.P., Herzig,
P.M., Mühe, R., Soakai, S., Wiedicke, M. and
Whitechurch, H., 1991. Hydrothermal activity and
metallogenesis in the Lau back - arc basin. Nature,
349: 778-781.
Fouquet, Y., von Stackelberg, U., Charlou, J.L.,
Erzinger, J., Herzig, P.M., Mühe, R. and Wiedicke,
M., 1993a. Metallogenesis in back-arc environment: the Lau Basin example. Economic Geology,
88: 2154-2181.
Fouquet, Y., Auclair, P., Cambon, P. and Etoubleau, J.,
1993b. Geological setting, mineralogical, and
geochemical investigation on sulfide deposits near
13°N on the East Pacific Rise. Marine Geology, 84:
145-178.
Francheteau, J., Needham, H.D., Choukroune, P.,
Juteau, T., Seguret, M., Ballard, R.D., Fox, P.J.,
Normark, W., Carranza, A., Cordoba, D., Guerrero,
J., Rangin, C., Bougault, H., Cambon, P. and
Hekinian, R., 1979. Massiv deep-sea sulphide ore
deposits discovered on the East Pacific Rise.
Nature, 277: 145-178.
Franklin, J.M., Lydon, J.W. and Sangster, D.F., 1981.
Volcanic - associated massiv sulfide deposits.