10 Influence of Geochemical Processes on Stable Isotope Distribution in Marine Sediments
364
Bickert, T., Mackensen, A., 2003. Last Glacial to Holocene changes in South Atlantic deep water
circulation. In: Wefer, G., Mulitza, S., Rathmeyer,
V., (eds), The South Atlantic during the Late Quaternary. Springer, Berlin, pp. 671-695.
Bickert, T., Wefer, G., 1999. South Atlantic and benthic
foraminifer δ
13 C-deviations: Implications for reconstructing the Late Quaternary deep-water circulation. Deep-Sea Research, 46: 437-452.
Bidigare, R.R., Fluegge, A., Freeman, K.H., Hanson,
K.L., Hayes, J.M., Hollander, D., Jasper, J., King,
L.L., Laws, E.A., Milder, J., Millero, F.J., Pancost,
R., Popp, B.N., Steinberg, P.A., Wakeham, S.G.,
1997. Consistent fractionation of
13 C in nature and
in the laboratory: Growth rate effects in some
haptophyte algae. Global Biogeochem Cycles 11:
279-292.
Birchfield, G.E., 1987. Changes in deep-ocean water δ
18 O
and temperature from last glacial maximum to the
present. Paleoceanography 2: 431-442.
Bolliger, C., Schroth, M.H., Bernasconi, S.M., Kleikemper, J., and Zeyer, J., 2001. Sulfur isotope
fractionation during microbial sulfate reduction by
toluene-degrading bacteria. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 65: 3289–3298.
Broecker, W.S., 1982. Ocean chemistry during glacial
time. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 46: 16891 7 0 5 .
Broecker, W.S., Maier-Reimer, E., 1992. The influence
of air and sea exchange on the carbon isotope
distribution in the sea. Global Biogeochemical Cycles
6: 315-320.
Burkhardt, S., Riebesell, U., Zondervan, I., 1999. Stable
carbon isotope fractionation by marine phytoplankton in response to daylength, growth rate, and
CO 2 availability. Marine Ecology Progress Series
184: 31-41.
Canfield, D.E., 2001. Biogeochemistry of sulfur
isotopes. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry
43: 607-636.
Carpenter, S.J., Lohmann, K.C., Holden, P., Walter,
L.M., Huston, T.J., Halliday, A.N., 1991. δ
18 O
values,
87 Sr/
86 Sr and Sr/Mg ratios of Late Devonian
abiotic marine calcite: Implications for the composition of ancient seawater. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 55: 1991-2010.
Charles, C.D., Fairbanks, R.G., 1990. Glacial to
interglacial changes in the isotopic gradients of the
Southern Ocean surface water. In: Bleil, U., Thiede,
J., (eds), Geological history of the Polar Oceans:
Artic versus Antarctic. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 519538.
Cifuentes, L.A., Sharp, J.H., Fogel, M.L., 1988. Stable
carbon and nitrogen isotope biogeochemistry in the
Delaware estuary. Limnology and Oceanography 33:
1102-1115.
Claypool, G.E., Holser, W.T., Kaplan, I.R., Sakai, H.,
Zak, I., 1980. The age curves of sulfur and oxygen
isotopes in marine sulfate and their mutual
interpretation. Chemical Geology 28: 190-260.
Cline, J.D., Kaplan, I.R., 1975. Isotopic fractionation
of dissolved nitrate during denitrification in the
easter tropical North Pacific Ocean. Marine Chemistry 3: 271-299.
Coplen, T.B., 1996. More uncertainty than necessary.
Paleoceanography 11: 369-370.
Craig, H., Gordon, L.I., 1965. Deuterium and oxygen-18
variations in the ocean and marine atmosphere. In:
Tongiorgi, E., (eds), Stable isotopes in oceanic
studies and paleotemperatures. Consiglio Nazionale
Delle Ricerche, Laboratorio di Geologia Nucleare,
Pisa, pp 9-130.
Curry, W.B., Oppo, D.W., 2005. Glacial water mass geometry and the distribution of δ
13 C of ΣCO 2 in the
western Atlantic Ocean. Paleoceanography 20:
PA1017.
de Lange, G.J., van Os, B., Pruysers, P.A., Middelburg,
J.J., Castradori, D., van Santvoort, P., Müller, P.J.,
Eggenkamp, H., Prahl, F.G., 1994. Possible early
diagenetic alteration of palaeo proxies. In: Zahn, R.,
Pedersen, T.F., Kaminski, M.A., Labeyrie, L., (eds),
Carbon cycling in the glacial ocean: Constraints on
the ocean´s role in global climate. Springer, Berlin,
pp 225-258.
Degens, E.T., 1969. Biogeochemistry of stable carbon
isotopes. In: Eglington, G., Murphy, M.T.J., (eds),
Organic geochemistry. Methods and results.
Springer, Berlin, pp 304-329.
Degens, E.T., Guillard, R.R.L., Sackett, W.M., Hellebust,
J.A., 1968. Metabolic fractionation of carbon isotopes in marine plankton. I. Temperature and respiration experiments. Deep Sea Research 15: 1-9.
Deines, P., 1981. The isotopic composition of reduced
organic carbon. In: Fritz, P., Fontes, J.C., (eds),
Handbook of environmental geochemistry, vol. 1.,
Elsevier, New York, pp 239-406.
Derry, L.A., France-Lanord, C., 1996. Neogene growth
of the sedimentary organic carbon. Paleoceanography 11: 267-276.
Emrich, K., Ehhalt, D.H., Vogel, J.C., 1970. Carbon
isotope fractionation during the precipitation of
calcium carbonate. Earth and Planetary Science
Letters 8: 363-371.
Epstein, S., Buchsbaum, R., Lowenstam, H.A., Urey,
H.C., 1953. Revised carbonate-water isotopic temperature scale. Bull Geol Soc Am 64: 1315-1325.
Erez, J., Luz, B., 1983. Experimental paleotemperature
equation for planktonic foraminifera. Geochimica et
Cosmochimica Acta 47: 1025-1031.
Fairbanks, R.G., 1989. A 17,000-year glacio-eustatic sea
level record: Influence of glacial melting rates on
the Younger Dryas event and deep-ocean circulation. Nature 342: 637-642.
Fairbanks, R.G., Charles, C.D., Wright, J.D., 1992.
Origin of global meltwater pulses. In: Taylor, R.E.,
(eds), Radiocarbon after four decades. Springer, New
York, pp 473-500.
Faure, G., Mensing, T.M., 2005. Isotopes: Principles and
applications, 3rd edition. John Wiley & Sons, New
York, 928 pp.
Fontugne, M.R., Calvert, S.E., 1992. Late Pleistocene
variability of the carbon isotopic composition of
organic matter in the eastern Mediterranean: Moni-
364
Bickert, T., Mackensen, A., 2003. Last Glacial to Holocene changes in South Atlantic deep water
circulation. In: Wefer, G., Mulitza, S., Rathmeyer,
V., (eds), The South Atlantic during the Late Quaternary. Springer, Berlin, pp. 671-695.
Bickert, T., Wefer, G., 1999. South Atlantic and benthic
foraminifer δ
13 C-deviations: Implications for reconstructing the Late Quaternary deep-water circulation. Deep-Sea Research, 46: 437-452.
Bidigare, R.R., Fluegge, A., Freeman, K.H., Hanson,
K.L., Hayes, J.M., Hollander, D., Jasper, J., King,
L.L., Laws, E.A., Milder, J., Millero, F.J., Pancost,
R., Popp, B.N., Steinberg, P.A., Wakeham, S.G.,
1997. Consistent fractionation of
13 C in nature and
in the laboratory: Growth rate effects in some
haptophyte algae. Global Biogeochem Cycles 11:
279-292.
Birchfield, G.E., 1987. Changes in deep-ocean water δ
18 O
and temperature from last glacial maximum to the
present. Paleoceanography 2: 431-442.
Bolliger, C., Schroth, M.H., Bernasconi, S.M., Kleikemper, J., and Zeyer, J., 2001. Sulfur isotope
fractionation during microbial sulfate reduction by
toluene-degrading bacteria. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 65: 3289–3298.
Broecker, W.S., 1982. Ocean chemistry during glacial
time. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 46: 16891 7 0 5 .
Broecker, W.S., Maier-Reimer, E., 1992. The influence
of air and sea exchange on the carbon isotope
distribution in the sea. Global Biogeochemical Cycles
6: 315-320.
Burkhardt, S., Riebesell, U., Zondervan, I., 1999. Stable
carbon isotope fractionation by marine phytoplankton in response to daylength, growth rate, and
CO 2 availability. Marine Ecology Progress Series
184: 31-41.
Canfield, D.E., 2001. Biogeochemistry of sulfur
isotopes. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry
43: 607-636.
Carpenter, S.J., Lohmann, K.C., Holden, P., Walter,
L.M., Huston, T.J., Halliday, A.N., 1991. δ
18 O
values,
87 Sr/
86 Sr and Sr/Mg ratios of Late Devonian
abiotic marine calcite: Implications for the composition of ancient seawater. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 55: 1991-2010.
Charles, C.D., Fairbanks, R.G., 1990. Glacial to
interglacial changes in the isotopic gradients of the
Southern Ocean surface water. In: Bleil, U., Thiede,
J., (eds), Geological history of the Polar Oceans:
Artic versus Antarctic. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 519538.
Cifuentes, L.A., Sharp, J.H., Fogel, M.L., 1988. Stable
carbon and nitrogen isotope biogeochemistry in the
Delaware estuary. Limnology and Oceanography 33:
1102-1115.
Claypool, G.E., Holser, W.T., Kaplan, I.R., Sakai, H.,
Zak, I., 1980. The age curves of sulfur and oxygen
isotopes in marine sulfate and their mutual
interpretation. Chemical Geology 28: 190-260.
Cline, J.D., Kaplan, I.R., 1975. Isotopic fractionation
of dissolved nitrate during denitrification in the
easter tropical North Pacific Ocean. Marine Chemistry 3: 271-299.
Coplen, T.B., 1996. More uncertainty than necessary.
Paleoceanography 11: 369-370.
Craig, H., Gordon, L.I., 1965. Deuterium and oxygen-18
variations in the ocean and marine atmosphere. In:
Tongiorgi, E., (eds), Stable isotopes in oceanic
studies and paleotemperatures. Consiglio Nazionale
Delle Ricerche, Laboratorio di Geologia Nucleare,
Pisa, pp 9-130.
Curry, W.B., Oppo, D.W., 2005. Glacial water mass geometry and the distribution of δ
13 C of ΣCO 2 in the
western Atlantic Ocean. Paleoceanography 20:
PA1017.
de Lange, G.J., van Os, B., Pruysers, P.A., Middelburg,
J.J., Castradori, D., van Santvoort, P., Müller, P.J.,
Eggenkamp, H., Prahl, F.G., 1994. Possible early
diagenetic alteration of palaeo proxies. In: Zahn, R.,
Pedersen, T.F., Kaminski, M.A., Labeyrie, L., (eds),
Carbon cycling in the glacial ocean: Constraints on
the ocean´s role in global climate. Springer, Berlin,
pp 225-258.
Degens, E.T., 1969. Biogeochemistry of stable carbon
isotopes. In: Eglington, G., Murphy, M.T.J., (eds),
Organic geochemistry. Methods and results.
Springer, Berlin, pp 304-329.
Degens, E.T., Guillard, R.R.L., Sackett, W.M., Hellebust,
J.A., 1968. Metabolic fractionation of carbon isotopes in marine plankton. I. Temperature and respiration experiments. Deep Sea Research 15: 1-9.
Deines, P., 1981. The isotopic composition of reduced
organic carbon. In: Fritz, P., Fontes, J.C., (eds),
Handbook of environmental geochemistry, vol. 1.,
Elsevier, New York, pp 239-406.
Derry, L.A., France-Lanord, C., 1996. Neogene growth
of the sedimentary organic carbon. Paleoceanography 11: 267-276.
Emrich, K., Ehhalt, D.H., Vogel, J.C., 1970. Carbon
isotope fractionation during the precipitation of
calcium carbonate. Earth and Planetary Science
Letters 8: 363-371.
Epstein, S., Buchsbaum, R., Lowenstam, H.A., Urey,
H.C., 1953. Revised carbonate-water isotopic temperature scale. Bull Geol Soc Am 64: 1315-1325.
Erez, J., Luz, B., 1983. Experimental paleotemperature
equation for planktonic foraminifera. Geochimica et
Cosmochimica Acta 47: 1025-1031.
Fairbanks, R.G., 1989. A 17,000-year glacio-eustatic sea
level record: Influence of glacial melting rates on
the Younger Dryas event and deep-ocean circulation. Nature 342: 637-642.
Fairbanks, R.G., Charles, C.D., Wright, J.D., 1992.
Origin of global meltwater pulses. In: Taylor, R.E.,
(eds), Radiocarbon after four decades. Springer, New
York, pp 473-500.
Faure, G., Mensing, T.M., 2005. Isotopes: Principles and
applications, 3rd edition. John Wiley & Sons, New
York, 928 pp.
Fontugne, M.R., Calvert, S.E., 1992. Late Pleistocene
variability of the carbon isotopic composition of
organic matter in the eastern Mediterranean: Moni-