Index
3-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR), 98
abrupt reorganisations, 384
abrupt transitions, 187
adjoint eigenmode, 92
adjoint operator, 91
adjoint propagator, 96
adjustment, baroclinic geostrophic, 189
aerosols, 163
aerosols, anthropogenic, 166
aerosols, atmospheric, 301
aerosols, stratospheric, 302
aerosols, sulfate, 148, 166, 327
aerosols, tropospheric, 301
aerosols, volcanic, 165
air temperature, 158
albedo, 318
albedo, clear air, 328
annual march, 3
Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), 407,
408, 410, 411, 427, 432, 435, 440
anthropogenic changes, 147
anthropogenic perturbations, 176
anthropogenic sulfate, 301
Arctic Ocean Deep Water (AODW), 213,
221
atmospheric heat transport, 350
Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project
(AMIP), 149, 315
atmospheric models, 324
atmospheric moisture transport, 336, 352
atmospheric water vapour transport, 342
autocorrelation, 11, 12, 14, 16
autoregressive process, 12
baroclinic, 33, 189
baroclinic basic state, 118
baroclinic eddy, 338
baroclinic eddy activity, 276
baroclinity, 102
Battisti model, 121
bi-modality, 28
biharmonic friction, 433
blocking activity, 148
Bond cycles, 190
bottom form stress, 415, 427
boundary condition, flux, 194, 202
boundary condition, mixed, 178-180,202
boundary condition, restoring, 178
breeding vector, 84, 99, lOl
butterfly effect, 105, 112
Canonical Correlation Analysis (CGA),
284
carbon dioxide, 17, 293, 299
CFCs, 123, 293, 300, 308
chaos, 447
Charney DeVore model, 408-411, 415, 417,
418, 429, 440
Charney-Shukla paradigm, 85
circulation, anomalous anticyclonic gyre,
193
circulation, atmospheric, 303
circulation, convectively-driven mesoscale,
124
circulation, double-gyre, 282
circulation, extratropical, 109
circulation, general, 324
circulation, gyre mode horizontal, 187, 193
circulation, North-Atlantic, 304
circulation, Northern Pacific, 175
circulation, pole-to-pole, 179
circulation, stratospheric, 324
circulation, thermohaline, 139, 174, 179,
189, 193, 304
circulation, tropical, 109, 303
Clausius-Clapeyron equation, 338
climate attractor, 93
climate change, 142, 161, 314, 327
climate change, anthropogenic, 166
climate change, decadal, 166
climate models, 304, 324
climate sensitivity, 164
climatological mean wintertime circulation,
41
cloud condensation nuclei, 166
clustering, 114, 130
coin tossing, 167, 170
3-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR), 98
abrupt reorganisations, 384
abrupt transitions, 187
adjoint eigenmode, 92
adjoint operator, 91
adjoint propagator, 96
adjustment, baroclinic geostrophic, 189
aerosols, 163
aerosols, anthropogenic, 166
aerosols, atmospheric, 301
aerosols, stratospheric, 302
aerosols, sulfate, 148, 166, 327
aerosols, tropospheric, 301
aerosols, volcanic, 165
air temperature, 158
albedo, 318
albedo, clear air, 328
annual march, 3
Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), 407,
408, 410, 411, 427, 432, 435, 440
anthropogenic changes, 147
anthropogenic perturbations, 176
anthropogenic sulfate, 301
Arctic Ocean Deep Water (AODW), 213,
221
atmospheric heat transport, 350
Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project
(AMIP), 149, 315
atmospheric models, 324
atmospheric moisture transport, 336, 352
atmospheric water vapour transport, 342
autocorrelation, 11, 12, 14, 16
autoregressive process, 12
baroclinic, 33, 189
baroclinic basic state, 118
baroclinic eddy, 338
baroclinic eddy activity, 276
baroclinity, 102
Battisti model, 121
bi-modality, 28
biharmonic friction, 433
blocking activity, 148
Bond cycles, 190
bottom form stress, 415, 427
boundary condition, flux, 194, 202
boundary condition, mixed, 178-180,202
boundary condition, restoring, 178
breeding vector, 84, 99, lOl
butterfly effect, 105, 112
Canonical Correlation Analysis (CGA),
284
carbon dioxide, 17, 293, 299
CFCs, 123, 293, 300, 308
chaos, 447
Charney DeVore model, 408-411, 415, 417,
418, 429, 440
Charney-Shukla paradigm, 85
circulation, anomalous anticyclonic gyre,
193
circulation, atmospheric, 303
circulation, convectively-driven mesoscale,
124
circulation, double-gyre, 282
circulation, extratropical, 109
circulation, general, 324
circulation, gyre mode horizontal, 187, 193
circulation, North-Atlantic, 304
circulation, Northern Pacific, 175
circulation, pole-to-pole, 179
circulation, stratospheric, 324
circulation, thermohaline, 139, 174, 179,
189, 193, 304
circulation, tropical, 109, 303
Clausius-Clapeyron equation, 338
climate attractor, 93
climate change, 142, 161, 314, 327
climate change, anthropogenic, 166
climate change, decadal, 166
climate models, 304, 324
climate sensitivity, 164
climatological mean wintertime circulation,
41
cloud condensation nuclei, 166
clustering, 114, 130
coin tossing, 167, 170