30
LEOVY, C. B., 1964, Simple models of the thermally driven mesospheric circulation. J. Atmos.
Sci., 21, 327-341.
MADDEN, R.A., 1976, Estimates ofthe natural variability in time averaged sea-level pressure.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 104, 942-952.
MADDEN, R.A. AND P.R. JULIAN, 1972, Description of global scale circulation cells in the
tropics with a 40-50 day period. J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 1109-1123.
MANABE, S. AND R.J. STOUFFER, 1996, Low-frequency variability of surface air temperature
in a 1,000 year integration of a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. J. Climate, submitted.
MITCHELL, T.P. AND J.M. WALLACE, 1992, The annual cycle in equatorial convection and
sea surface temperature. J. Climate, 5, 1140-1156.
PREISENDORFER, R.W., 1988, Principal Component Analysis in Meteorology and Oceanography. C. Mobley, ed., Elsevier, 418pp.
REED, R.J., 1960, The Circulation of the Stratosphere. Paper presented at the 40th Anniversary Meeting ofthe Amer. Meteorol. Soc., Boston, MA.
REED, R.J. AND C.L. VLCEK, 1969, The annual temperature variation in the tropical lower
stratosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 26, 163-167.
RICHMAN, M.B., 1986, Rotation of principal components. J. Climatol., 6, 293-335.
TRENBERTH, K. E., 1990, Recent observed interdecadal climate changes in the Northern
Hemisphere. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 71, 988-993.
VAUTARD R. AND M. GHIL, 1989, Singular spectrum analysis in nonlinear dynamics, with
applications to paleoclimatic time series. Physica D, 35, 395-424.
VON STORCH, H., G. BURGER, R. SCHNUR, AND J.-S. VON STORCH, 1995, Principal Oscillation Patterns: A review. J. Climate, 8, 377-400.
WALLACE, J.M., R.L. PANETTA AND J. ESTBERG, 1993, Representation of the equatorial
stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation in EOF phase space. J. Atmos. -Sci., 50, 17511762.
YULAEVA, E., J.R. HOLTON AND J.M. WALLACE, 1994, On the cause of the annual cycle in
tropical lower stratospheric temperatures. J. Atmos Sci., 51, 169-174.
LEOVY, C. B., 1964, Simple models of the thermally driven mesospheric circulation. J. Atmos.
Sci., 21, 327-341.
MADDEN, R.A., 1976, Estimates ofthe natural variability in time averaged sea-level pressure.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 104, 942-952.
MADDEN, R.A. AND P.R. JULIAN, 1972, Description of global scale circulation cells in the
tropics with a 40-50 day period. J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 1109-1123.
MANABE, S. AND R.J. STOUFFER, 1996, Low-frequency variability of surface air temperature
in a 1,000 year integration of a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. J. Climate, submitted.
MITCHELL, T.P. AND J.M. WALLACE, 1992, The annual cycle in equatorial convection and
sea surface temperature. J. Climate, 5, 1140-1156.
PREISENDORFER, R.W., 1988, Principal Component Analysis in Meteorology and Oceanography. C. Mobley, ed., Elsevier, 418pp.
REED, R.J., 1960, The Circulation of the Stratosphere. Paper presented at the 40th Anniversary Meeting ofthe Amer. Meteorol. Soc., Boston, MA.
REED, R.J. AND C.L. VLCEK, 1969, The annual temperature variation in the tropical lower
stratosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 26, 163-167.
RICHMAN, M.B., 1986, Rotation of principal components. J. Climatol., 6, 293-335.
TRENBERTH, K. E., 1990, Recent observed interdecadal climate changes in the Northern
Hemisphere. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 71, 988-993.
VAUTARD R. AND M. GHIL, 1989, Singular spectrum analysis in nonlinear dynamics, with
applications to paleoclimatic time series. Physica D, 35, 395-424.
VON STORCH, H., G. BURGER, R. SCHNUR, AND J.-S. VON STORCH, 1995, Principal Oscillation Patterns: A review. J. Climate, 8, 377-400.
WALLACE, J.M., R.L. PANETTA AND J. ESTBERG, 1993, Representation of the equatorial
stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation in EOF phase space. J. Atmos. -Sci., 50, 17511762.
YULAEVA, E., J.R. HOLTON AND J.M. WALLACE, 1994, On the cause of the annual cycle in
tropical lower stratospheric temperatures. J. Atmos Sci., 51, 169-174.