375
Scott, and Detlef Stammer. Sixty-five per cent ($10,000) of this work was
supported jointly by the Northeast Regional Center of the National Institute for Global Environmental Change and by the Program for Computer
Hardware, Applied Mathematics, and Model Physics (both with funding
from the U.S. Department of Energy). Financial support was also contributed by the Tokyo Electric Power Company through the TEPCO /MIT
Environmental Research Program.
Glossary of symbols
Index F Erroneous quantity
3
Meridional ocean salinity gradient
Index i High-latitude (i=l) or low-latitude (i=2) 30 Reference salinity
Overbar Time average
3crit Critical salinity gradient (3crit ::; S)
Prime' Perturbation from time average
3i
Salinity
Index * Meridional average
T
Meridional ocean temperature gradient
[]
Zonal average
TE Atmospheric equilibrium temperature
Ai
Surface radiative forcing
gradient
B
Longwave radiation coefficient
Ti
Ocean temperature
cpo
Heat capacity per unit volume of water TL Meridional land temperature gradient
D
Ocean depth
TL,i Land temperature
E
Evaporation minus precipitation
a
Thermal expansion coefficient
FOi
Total area
(3
Haline expansion coefficient
Fi
Ocean area
"(m
Atmospheric meridional moisture
Fw
Meridional moisture transport
transport efficiency; power m
HOi
Downward radiation, top of atmosphere "(
"(1
Hd
Meridional atmospheric heat transport ' Y "(FOl
Hi
Downward surface heat flux
C
Area ratio, ocean over total (F;j Fa,)
Hi
Hi/(CpoD)
CL Effective area ratio (land effects)
HL,i
Zonal heat transport, land-to-ocean
cw Area ratio, ocean over catchment
HR,i
Zonal heat transport, ocean-to-land
Xn Atmospheric meridional heat transport
Hs
Virtual surface salinity flux
efficiency; power n
HT
H2 -Hl
X
Xl
Hl/
Differential surface 'spiciness' forcing
X XFOl
Hp
Differential surface density forcing
A
Newtonian damping coefficient
k
Hydraulic constant
J1
Atmospheric zonal heat transport
ill
Power, atmospheric heat transport
efficiency
n
Power, atmospheric moisture transport v
Spiciness gradient (aT + (33)
q
Flow strength
p
Density gradient (aT - (33)
Scott, and Detlef Stammer. Sixty-five per cent ($10,000) of this work was
supported jointly by the Northeast Regional Center of the National Institute for Global Environmental Change and by the Program for Computer
Hardware, Applied Mathematics, and Model Physics (both with funding
from the U.S. Department of Energy). Financial support was also contributed by the Tokyo Electric Power Company through the TEPCO /MIT
Environmental Research Program.
Glossary of symbols
Index F Erroneous quantity
3
Meridional ocean salinity gradient
Index i High-latitude (i=l) or low-latitude (i=2) 30 Reference salinity
Overbar Time average
3crit Critical salinity gradient (3crit ::; S)
Prime' Perturbation from time average
3i
Salinity
Index * Meridional average
T
Meridional ocean temperature gradient
[]
Zonal average
TE Atmospheric equilibrium temperature
Ai
Surface radiative forcing
gradient
B
Longwave radiation coefficient
Ti
Ocean temperature
cpo
Heat capacity per unit volume of water TL Meridional land temperature gradient
D
Ocean depth
TL,i Land temperature
E
Evaporation minus precipitation
a
Thermal expansion coefficient
FOi
Total area
(3
Haline expansion coefficient
Fi
Ocean area
"(m
Atmospheric meridional moisture
Fw
Meridional moisture transport
transport efficiency; power m
HOi
Downward radiation, top of atmosphere "(
"(1
Hd
Meridional atmospheric heat transport ' Y "(FOl
Hi
Downward surface heat flux
C
Area ratio, ocean over total (F;j Fa,)
Hi
Hi/(CpoD)
CL Effective area ratio (land effects)
HL,i
Zonal heat transport, land-to-ocean
cw Area ratio, ocean over catchment
HR,i
Zonal heat transport, ocean-to-land
Xn Atmospheric meridional heat transport
Hs
Virtual surface salinity flux
efficiency; power n
HT
H2 -Hl
X
Xl
Hl/
Differential surface 'spiciness' forcing
X XFOl
Hp
Differential surface density forcing
A
Newtonian damping coefficient
k
Hydraulic constant
J1
Atmospheric zonal heat transport
ill
Power, atmospheric heat transport
efficiency
n
Power, atmospheric moisture transport v
Spiciness gradient (aT + (33)
q
Flow strength
p
Density gradient (aT - (33)