CHAPTER 2 . The Chemical and Physical Properties of Marine Aerosols: An Introduction
43
:::,10
o .'0
~
,,-"' """' . . . . . . . '~~r Q
Fig. 2.3 (,d. Aerosol distributions over the oceans derived from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) satellite (Husar et al.1997).
Distributions are shown in units of equivalent aerosol optical thickness (EAOn, which is derived from
measurements of visible-spectrum solar radiation reflected from aerosols back to space; EAOT values
are roughly proportional to the integrated column concentration of aerosol. Distributions are shown
for each of the four seasons; (June-August; (September-November (Figure from R. Husar, personal
communication, based on Husar et al.1997)
seasonal oscillation of the plume is consistent with the very large seasonal cycle of
dust concentrations, as measured in South Florida, and Barbados, West Indies (Husar
et al. 1997; Chiapello et al. 1999; Prospero 1999); indeed, during the summer months
African dust has been measured over the eastern United States as far north as the New
England states (Perry et al. 1997).
The TOMS aerosol distributions shown in Fig. 2.4 can be used to identify dust
sources. In many cases, the distributions over land show a clearly defined geometry
that can be matched to topographical features and geology. Note for example the isolated source "hot-spots" in North Africa and Australia in January and Central Asia in
43
:::,10
o .'0
~
,,-"' """' . . . . . . . '~~r Q
Fig. 2.3 (,d. Aerosol distributions over the oceans derived from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) satellite (Husar et al.1997).
Distributions are shown in units of equivalent aerosol optical thickness (EAOn, which is derived from
measurements of visible-spectrum solar radiation reflected from aerosols back to space; EAOT values
are roughly proportional to the integrated column concentration of aerosol. Distributions are shown
for each of the four seasons; (June-August; (September-November (Figure from R. Husar, personal
communication, based on Husar et al.1997)
seasonal oscillation of the plume is consistent with the very large seasonal cycle of
dust concentrations, as measured in South Florida, and Barbados, West Indies (Husar
et al. 1997; Chiapello et al. 1999; Prospero 1999); indeed, during the summer months
African dust has been measured over the eastern United States as far north as the New
England states (Perry et al. 1997).
The TOMS aerosol distributions shown in Fig. 2.4 can be used to identify dust
sources. In many cases, the distributions over land show a clearly defined geometry
that can be matched to topographical features and geology. Note for example the isolated source "hot-spots" in North Africa and Australia in January and Central Asia in