Index
scatterer 57, 61, 65, 86
scattering 35,36,40,51,58,75,84-86,88,374
-, internal 86
-, light 40
-, radiation 84
-, solar radiation 40
-, sunlight 58
scavenging 71, 394, 480
-, ratio 71
SCE 416,418-419,421-422
sea 26, 29, 62, 182, 221, 328-330, 391, 403, 412
-, floor 108,113,121,125,131,140,142,148-149
-, salt 3,6,9,15,26-28,30,36-37,39,45,
49-52, 57, 61, 76, 95-96, 99, 211, 238
-, aerosol 9,36,45,49-52, 57, 95-96
-, spatial distribution 49
-, temporal distribution 49
sea level, rise 423
sea water
-, composition 3, 15
-, conductivity 30
-, density 30
-, major components 3,6,8,24,29,201-202,
225,233,243
seagrass 177, 181
seal 309,317-318, 349
-, harp (Phoca groenlandica) 318
-, reproductive disorders 309
-, ringed (Phoca hispida) 318
Sebastopol (U.S.S.R.) 329
secondary productivity 470
sediment 8,37,64,71,83-85,88,94,96,105-106,
108-117,119-120,125-127,129-130,132,135-139,
147-156,158-162,165-166,168-185,221,325,
329, 333, 335, 340-342, 347, 353, 397, 411,
423-425,427,429,431-434,440,455-459,
463-464
-, accumulation rate 71,113-114,151,178
-, afterburner 119, 121
-, coastal, Adriatic Sea 455
-, core 71,154,158-160
-, marine 94,105,107-110,116,119,147-148,
165,168-169,172,174-175,179,182,425,
457,464
-, siliciclastic 178
-, sulphidic 173, 175, 185
-, surface area (SA) 109,113-115,149
-, trap 126-127,129-130,132,135,137-138
sedimentation 71, 110, 179
semiconductor (SC) 88,93,100
senescence 54,130
serine 137, 239, 473-474
settling velocity 36-37, 65
-, Stokes 65
sewage 316, 392, 410-411
sex 310, 313, 316
shark 341, 349, 351
-, starspotted (Mustelus manazo) 349, 351
sheet 430, 436
shelf 63,113,150,386,388,391,425,445-446,
448, 450, 45 2-453
shell 106, 455
shore 378
shrimp 347,351
shrub 426
siderifore 193
siderite 170
silica 16, 137, 142
silicate 8, 137, 141, 400, 447, 449, 457
silicia 8-9, 68, 138, 312
silt 65,119,151
silver 4, 347, 472
silver drummer 347
Singapore 312
single salt approximation 223
single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) 416-422
singlet 88-90
-,oxygen 89-90
-, formation 89
505
sinking 125,127,129,131-133,135-136,138-140,
142,475
-, rate 127, 133
-, velocity 142
SIT see Bf0nsted-Guggenheim-Scatchard model
sitosterol 313
skeleton 158,455
skin 349
sludge 411
smectite 69
smelter 46
smoke 41,44
smokestacks 37,39
snow 130, 469
sodium 3, 25-26, 28-30, 45, 52, 199-202, 217,
221-222,225-226,239,243,278-279,281-282,
353, 393, 456
-, chloride 6, 9, 12, 23-28, 101, 197, 200-201,
210-212, 217, 222, 227, 239, 240, 243-244,
270-271,278-279,281-282
-, hypochlorite 457
soil 9,41,50,64-65,70,72,93,106-107,109,181,
325,328,415,426
-, dust 41, 50, 64
-, particle 65
-, type 9
solar 40,83-85,107
-,energy 83,84,107
-, flux 84
-, radiation 40, 85
-, transmission 85
-, scattering 40
solubility 73,91,95,166,168,172-173,175,
185-186,193,196-197,201,203,211-212,215,
295,301,388,403
solubilization 96-97, 456
soot 45
sorbitol 353-354, 356
sorption 149, 263, 475
-, organic matter 149
sound speed 7
South America 41, 65-66, 74
South Atlantic 41
South Florida 43
South Pacific 50
scatterer 57, 61, 65, 86
scattering 35,36,40,51,58,75,84-86,88,374
-, internal 86
-, light 40
-, radiation 84
-, solar radiation 40
-, sunlight 58
scavenging 71, 394, 480
-, ratio 71
SCE 416,418-419,421-422
sea 26, 29, 62, 182, 221, 328-330, 391, 403, 412
-, floor 108,113,121,125,131,140,142,148-149
-, salt 3,6,9,15,26-28,30,36-37,39,45,
49-52, 57, 61, 76, 95-96, 99, 211, 238
-, aerosol 9,36,45,49-52, 57, 95-96
-, spatial distribution 49
-, temporal distribution 49
sea level, rise 423
sea water
-, composition 3, 15
-, conductivity 30
-, density 30
-, major components 3,6,8,24,29,201-202,
225,233,243
seagrass 177, 181
seal 309,317-318, 349
-, harp (Phoca groenlandica) 318
-, reproductive disorders 309
-, ringed (Phoca hispida) 318
Sebastopol (U.S.S.R.) 329
secondary productivity 470
sediment 8,37,64,71,83-85,88,94,96,105-106,
108-117,119-120,125-127,129-130,132,135-139,
147-156,158-162,165-166,168-185,221,325,
329, 333, 335, 340-342, 347, 353, 397, 411,
423-425,427,429,431-434,440,455-459,
463-464
-, accumulation rate 71,113-114,151,178
-, afterburner 119, 121
-, coastal, Adriatic Sea 455
-, core 71,154,158-160
-, marine 94,105,107-110,116,119,147-148,
165,168-169,172,174-175,179,182,425,
457,464
-, siliciclastic 178
-, sulphidic 173, 175, 185
-, surface area (SA) 109,113-115,149
-, trap 126-127,129-130,132,135,137-138
sedimentation 71, 110, 179
semiconductor (SC) 88,93,100
senescence 54,130
serine 137, 239, 473-474
settling velocity 36-37, 65
-, Stokes 65
sewage 316, 392, 410-411
sex 310, 313, 316
shark 341, 349, 351
-, starspotted (Mustelus manazo) 349, 351
sheet 430, 436
shelf 63,113,150,386,388,391,425,445-446,
448, 450, 45 2-453
shell 106, 455
shore 378
shrimp 347,351
shrub 426
siderifore 193
siderite 170
silica 16, 137, 142
silicate 8, 137, 141, 400, 447, 449, 457
silicia 8-9, 68, 138, 312
silt 65,119,151
silver 4, 347, 472
silver drummer 347
Singapore 312
single salt approximation 223
single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) 416-422
singlet 88-90
-,oxygen 89-90
-, formation 89
505
sinking 125,127,129,131-133,135-136,138-140,
142,475
-, rate 127, 133
-, velocity 142
SIT see Bf0nsted-Guggenheim-Scatchard model
sitosterol 313
skeleton 158,455
skin 349
sludge 411
smectite 69
smelter 46
smoke 41,44
smokestacks 37,39
snow 130, 469
sodium 3, 25-26, 28-30, 45, 52, 199-202, 217,
221-222,225-226,239,243,278-279,281-282,
353, 393, 456
-, chloride 6, 9, 12, 23-28, 101, 197, 200-201,
210-212, 217, 222, 227, 239, 240, 243-244,
270-271,278-279,281-282
-, hypochlorite 457
soil 9,41,50,64-65,70,72,93,106-107,109,181,
325,328,415,426
-, dust 41, 50, 64
-, particle 65
-, type 9
solar 40,83-85,107
-,energy 83,84,107
-, flux 84
-, radiation 40, 85
-, transmission 85
-, scattering 40
solubility 73,91,95,166,168,172-173,175,
185-186,193,196-197,201,203,211-212,215,
295,301,388,403
solubilization 96-97, 456
soot 45
sorbitol 353-354, 356
sorption 149, 263, 475
-, organic matter 149
sound speed 7
South America 41, 65-66, 74
South Atlantic 41
South Florida 43
South Pacific 50