CHAPTER 15 . Toxic Effects of Organometallic Compounds towards Marine Biota
361
a
b
Fig. 15.19. a Anomalous embryos derived from gastrulae incubated for 1 h in lO -7 mol dm- 3
Bu 3 Sn(IV)ClpenGNa (magnification 50X); b Anomalous two-cell stage incubated in lO-5 mol dm- 3
• (Bu3Sn)4TPPS solution, adapted from Maggio et aI. (1994); Pellerito et aI. (1997b)
Table 15.13. Results of development of Ciona intestinalis fertilized eggs incubated in the solution of
H4TPPS, (R2Snh TPPS e (R3Sn)4TPPS, (H4 TPPS = [meso-tetra (4-sulphonatophenyl)porphine]; R = Me,
Bu and Ph) from 2-cell stage. The controls give rise to 90% swimming larvae. Percentage of developed
or arrested eggs (average of 5 experiments), adapted from Pellerito et aI. (1997b)
(om pound (one.
Development stages
(moldm-')
Blastomere
Early
Anomalous Undifferentiated Anomalous Swimming
gastrulae neurulae embryos
larvae
larvae
2
4
8-16
H 4 TPPS
10- 5
100
10- 7
100
(Me2Sn)2TPPS 10- 5
100
10- 7
100
(Bu 2 Sn)2 TPPS 10- 5
50 50
10- 7
50
50
(Ph2Sn)2TPPS 10- 5
100
10- 7
100
(MejSn)4 TPPS 10- 5
100
10- 7
50
50
(BUjSn)4TPPS 10- 5
100
10- 7
100
(PhjSn)4TPPS 10- 5
50 50
10- 7
50 50