352
L. Pellerito· R. Barbieri· R. Di Stefano . M. Scopelliti . C. Pellerito . T. Fiore . F. Triolo
12000 •• - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
Standards AB
9000
AC
Tetra
l:'
.~ 6000
$
E
3000
0
,~UL
0
2
4
6
8
Retention time
2500 . , - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
2000
l:' 1500
·iii
c:
$
E 1000
500
o I.
o
AC
2
4
6
8
Retention time
Fig. 15.9. HPLC-ICP-MS chromatograms of standards and the water soluble arsenic residues obtained
after severe acid hydrolysis of alkali-labile arsenic fraction prepared from ordinary muscle, adapted from
Hanaoka et al. (1999b)
20000
20000
As(lll)
Standards
DMA
J DMA
15000
MA
15000
As(V)
.~
l:'
III
·iii
c: 10000
~ 10000
~
5000
5000
o 1M I I" II i (I iii i IIIII i IIII iii j; 1IIII1 Ii III'
1J~
o 11111111111111
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Retention time (min)
Retention time (min)
Fig. 15.10. HPLC-ICP-MS chromatograms of standards and the water soluble arsenic residues obtained
after severe alkaline hydrolysis of alkali-stable arsenic fraction prepared from the liver, adapted from
Hanaoka et al. (1999b)
15.3
Organotin
15.3.1
Organotin Derivatives
Organotin(IV} derivatives have been widely studied for several reasons. Their extensive world-wide use is evident in industry as PVC stabilizers; in agriculture as agrochemicals (fungicides, acaricides), disinfectants (biocides, bactericides) and preservatives (cellulose, wood and stonework); and in the marine environment as antifouling agents (algaecides, molluscicides). Books and reviews have been published in the
last few years, covering almost all applications and chemical and biological proper-