202
F. Millero . D. Pierrot
sea water components (K+, ci+, Sr 2 +, HCO;, Br-, CO~- and P-) requires more parameters, but they do not contribute much to the media term of the Pitzer equation.
8.4
The MIAMI Ionic Interaction Model
A sketch of the model we use is given in Pig. 8.8. The input can be any of the major
components of sea water or the salinity. The detailed comments on the structure of
our Pitzer model (Pitzer 1979, 1991) are given elsewhere (Millero and Pierrot 1998). The
model is an extension of those developed by others (Harvie et a1.1984; Pelmy and Weare
1986; Millero 1982; Pabalan and Pitzer 1987; M0ller 1988; Greenberg and M0ller 1989;
Spencer et al. 1990; Campbell et aI. 1993; Clegg and Whitfield 1991, 1995; Millero and
Roy 1997; Millero and Pierrot 1998). The backbone of the model accounts for the interactions of the major cations (H+, Na +, K+, Mg2+, Ca 2 +, Sr 2 +) and anions (P-, cr, Br-,
OW, HCO;, B(OH)4' soi-, CO;-, CO2, B(OHh, HP) of sea water from 0 to 50°C and
1= 0 to 6 m). Since parameters for the major components (Pabalan and Pitzer 1987;
Fig. 8.8. Sketch of ionic interactionmodel
Input
Temperature
composition
Calculation of activity coefficients for
major components of the solution
Input pH I rco 2 or TA
Calculation of the activity
and
speciation of trace metals
Calculation of the solubility
F. Millero . D. Pierrot
sea water components (K+, ci+, Sr 2 +, HCO;, Br-, CO~- and P-) requires more parameters, but they do not contribute much to the media term of the Pitzer equation.
8.4
The MIAMI Ionic Interaction Model
A sketch of the model we use is given in Pig. 8.8. The input can be any of the major
components of sea water or the salinity. The detailed comments on the structure of
our Pitzer model (Pitzer 1979, 1991) are given elsewhere (Millero and Pierrot 1998). The
model is an extension of those developed by others (Harvie et a1.1984; Pelmy and Weare
1986; Millero 1982; Pabalan and Pitzer 1987; M0ller 1988; Greenberg and M0ller 1989;
Spencer et al. 1990; Campbell et aI. 1993; Clegg and Whitfield 1991, 1995; Millero and
Roy 1997; Millero and Pierrot 1998). The backbone of the model accounts for the interactions of the major cations (H+, Na +, K+, Mg2+, Ca 2 +, Sr 2 +) and anions (P-, cr, Br-,
OW, HCO;, B(OH)4' soi-, CO;-, CO2, B(OHh, HP) of sea water from 0 to 50°C and
1= 0 to 6 m). Since parameters for the major components (Pabalan and Pitzer 1987;
Fig. 8.8. Sketch of ionic interactionmodel
Input
Temperature
composition
Calculation of activity coefficients for
major components of the solution
Input pH I rco 2 or TA
Calculation of the activity
and
speciation of trace metals
Calculation of the solubility