331
Chapter fourteen: Toxicology and poisons
Foote, A.D., Y. Liu, G.W.C. Thomas, T. Vinar, J. Alfoldi, J. Deng, S. Dugan et al. 2015. Convergent
evolution of the genomes of marine mammals. Nature Genetics 47:272–275.
Forchhammer, K., W. Leinfelder, and A. Bock. 1989. Identification of a novel translation factor necessary for the incorporation of selenocysteine into protein. Nature 342:453456.
Fowler, M. 1993. Veterinary Zootoxicology. CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL.
Francis, J.M. and C.B. Heath. 1991. Population abundance, pup mortality, and copulation frequency
in the California sea lion in relation to the 1983 El Niño on San Nicolas Island. In Pinnipeds and
El Niño, eds. F. Trillmich and K.A. Ono. Ecological Studies. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg,
pp. 119–128.
Franz, D.R. and R.D. LeClaire. 1989. Respiratory effects of brevetoxin and saxitoxin in awake guinea
pigs. Toxicon 27:647–654. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0041-0101(89)90015-9.
Frouin, H., M. Lebeuf, M. Hammill, and M. Fournier. 2012. Transfer of PBDEs and chlorinated
POPs from mother to pup during lactation in harp seals Phoca groenlandica. Science of the Total
Environment 417–418:98–107. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.11.084.
Geraci, J.R.1990. Physiologic and toxic effects on cetaceans. In Sea Mammals and Oil: Confronting the
Risks, eds. J.R. Geraci and D.J. St. Aubin. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp. 167–198.
Geraci, J.R., D.M. Anderson, R.J. Timperi, D.J. St. Aubin, G.A. Early, J.H. Prescott, and C.A. Mayo.
1989. Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) fatally poisoned by dinoflagellate toxin.
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46:1895–1898. doi: 10.1139/f89-238.
Geraci, J.R. and D.J. St. Aubin. 1982. Study of the effects of oil on cetaceans. Final report, Prepared for
U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management. Washington, DC.
Geraci, J.R., D.J. St. Aubin, and B.D. Hicks. 1986. The epidermis of odontocetes: A view from within.
In Research on Dolphins, eds. M.M. Bryden and R. Harrison. Oxford University Press, Oxford,
UK, pp. 3–21.
Godt, J., F. Scheidig, C. Grosse-Siestrup, V. Esche, P. Brandenburg, A. Reich, and D.A. Groneberg.
2006. The toxicity of cadmium and resulting hazards for human health. Journal of Occupational
Medicine and Toxicology 1:22. doi: 10.1186/1745-6673-1-22.
Goering, P.L. and C.D. Klaassen. 1984. Resistance to cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity in immature rats. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 74:321–329. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ 0041008 X(84)90285-0.
Goksøyr, A. 1995. Cytochrome P450 in marine mammals: Isozyme forms, catalytic functions,
and physiological regulations. In Whales, Seals, Fish and Man. Proceedings of the International
Symposium on the Biology of Marine Mammals in the North East Atlantic, eds. A.S. Blix, L. Walløe,
and Ø. Ulltang. November 29–December 1, 1994. Elsevier Science, Tromsø, Norway, pp 629–639.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163699506800624.
Goldstein, T., J.A.K. Mazet, T.S. Zabka, G. Langlois, K.M. Colgrove, M. Silver, S. Bargu et al. 2008.
Novel symptomatology and changing epidemiology of domoic acid toxicosis in California sea
lions (Zalophus californianus): An increasing risk to marine mammal health. Proceedings of the
Royal Society C 275:267–276. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2007.1221.
Goldstein, T., T.S. Zabka, R.L. DeLong, E.A. Wheeler, G. Ylitalo, S. Bargu, T. Leighfield et al. 2009.
The role of domoic acid in abortion and premature parturition of California sea lions (Zalophus
californianus) on San Miguel Island, California. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 45:91–108. doi:
10.7589/0090-3558-45.1.91.
Gonzalez, F.J. and D.W. Nebert. 1990. Evolution of the P450 gene superfamily: Animal-plant “warfare”,
molecular drive and human genetic differences in drug oxidation. Trends in Genetics 6:182–186.
Gormezano, L.J. and R.F. Rockwell. 2013. Dietary composition and spatial patterns of polar bear
foraging on land in western Hudson Bay. BMC Ecology 13:51. doi: 10.1186/1472-6785-13-51.
Grandjean, P., P. Weihe, and J.B. Nielsen. 1994. Methylmercury: Significance of intrauterine and postnatal exposures. Clinical Chemistry 40:1395–1400.
Gulland, F.M.D., M. Haulena, D. Fauquier, M.E. Lander, T. Zabka, R. Duerr, and G. Lanlois. 2002.
Domoic acid toxicity in Californian sea lions (Zalophus californianus): Clinical signs, treatment
and survival. Veterinary Record 150:475–480. doi: 10.1136/vr.150.15.475.
Hackett, J.D., J.H. Wisecaver, M.L. Brosnahan, D.M. Kulis, D.M. Anderson, D. Bhattacharya,
F.G. Plumley, and D.L. Erdner. 2013. Evolution of saxitoxin synthesis in cyanobacteria and
dinoflagellates. Molecular Biology and Evolution 30:70–78. doi: 10.1093/molbev/mss142.
Chapter fourteen: Toxicology and poisons
Foote, A.D., Y. Liu, G.W.C. Thomas, T. Vinar, J. Alfoldi, J. Deng, S. Dugan et al. 2015. Convergent
evolution of the genomes of marine mammals. Nature Genetics 47:272–275.
Forchhammer, K., W. Leinfelder, and A. Bock. 1989. Identification of a novel translation factor necessary for the incorporation of selenocysteine into protein. Nature 342:453456.
Fowler, M. 1993. Veterinary Zootoxicology. CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL.
Francis, J.M. and C.B. Heath. 1991. Population abundance, pup mortality, and copulation frequency
in the California sea lion in relation to the 1983 El Niño on San Nicolas Island. In Pinnipeds and
El Niño, eds. F. Trillmich and K.A. Ono. Ecological Studies. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg,
pp. 119–128.
Franz, D.R. and R.D. LeClaire. 1989. Respiratory effects of brevetoxin and saxitoxin in awake guinea
pigs. Toxicon 27:647–654. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0041-0101(89)90015-9.
Frouin, H., M. Lebeuf, M. Hammill, and M. Fournier. 2012. Transfer of PBDEs and chlorinated
POPs from mother to pup during lactation in harp seals Phoca groenlandica. Science of the Total
Environment 417–418:98–107. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.11.084.
Geraci, J.R.1990. Physiologic and toxic effects on cetaceans. In Sea Mammals and Oil: Confronting the
Risks, eds. J.R. Geraci and D.J. St. Aubin. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp. 167–198.
Geraci, J.R., D.M. Anderson, R.J. Timperi, D.J. St. Aubin, G.A. Early, J.H. Prescott, and C.A. Mayo.
1989. Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) fatally poisoned by dinoflagellate toxin.
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46:1895–1898. doi: 10.1139/f89-238.
Geraci, J.R. and D.J. St. Aubin. 1982. Study of the effects of oil on cetaceans. Final report, Prepared for
U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management. Washington, DC.
Geraci, J.R., D.J. St. Aubin, and B.D. Hicks. 1986. The epidermis of odontocetes: A view from within.
In Research on Dolphins, eds. M.M. Bryden and R. Harrison. Oxford University Press, Oxford,
UK, pp. 3–21.
Godt, J., F. Scheidig, C. Grosse-Siestrup, V. Esche, P. Brandenburg, A. Reich, and D.A. Groneberg.
2006. The toxicity of cadmium and resulting hazards for human health. Journal of Occupational
Medicine and Toxicology 1:22. doi: 10.1186/1745-6673-1-22.
Goering, P.L. and C.D. Klaassen. 1984. Resistance to cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity in immature rats. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 74:321–329. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ 0041008 X(84)90285-0.
Goksøyr, A. 1995. Cytochrome P450 in marine mammals: Isozyme forms, catalytic functions,
and physiological regulations. In Whales, Seals, Fish and Man. Proceedings of the International
Symposium on the Biology of Marine Mammals in the North East Atlantic, eds. A.S. Blix, L. Walløe,
and Ø. Ulltang. November 29–December 1, 1994. Elsevier Science, Tromsø, Norway, pp 629–639.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163699506800624.
Goldstein, T., J.A.K. Mazet, T.S. Zabka, G. Langlois, K.M. Colgrove, M. Silver, S. Bargu et al. 2008.
Novel symptomatology and changing epidemiology of domoic acid toxicosis in California sea
lions (Zalophus californianus): An increasing risk to marine mammal health. Proceedings of the
Royal Society C 275:267–276. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2007.1221.
Goldstein, T., T.S. Zabka, R.L. DeLong, E.A. Wheeler, G. Ylitalo, S. Bargu, T. Leighfield et al. 2009.
The role of domoic acid in abortion and premature parturition of California sea lions (Zalophus
californianus) on San Miguel Island, California. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 45:91–108. doi:
10.7589/0090-3558-45.1.91.
Gonzalez, F.J. and D.W. Nebert. 1990. Evolution of the P450 gene superfamily: Animal-plant “warfare”,
molecular drive and human genetic differences in drug oxidation. Trends in Genetics 6:182–186.
Gormezano, L.J. and R.F. Rockwell. 2013. Dietary composition and spatial patterns of polar bear
foraging on land in western Hudson Bay. BMC Ecology 13:51. doi: 10.1186/1472-6785-13-51.
Grandjean, P., P. Weihe, and J.B. Nielsen. 1994. Methylmercury: Significance of intrauterine and postnatal exposures. Clinical Chemistry 40:1395–1400.
Gulland, F.M.D., M. Haulena, D. Fauquier, M.E. Lander, T. Zabka, R. Duerr, and G. Lanlois. 2002.
Domoic acid toxicity in Californian sea lions (Zalophus californianus): Clinical signs, treatment
and survival. Veterinary Record 150:475–480. doi: 10.1136/vr.150.15.475.
Hackett, J.D., J.H. Wisecaver, M.L. Brosnahan, D.M. Kulis, D.M. Anderson, D. Bhattacharya,
F.G. Plumley, and D.L. Erdner. 2013. Evolution of saxitoxin synthesis in cyanobacteria and
dinoflagellates. Molecular Biology and Evolution 30:70–78. doi: 10.1093/molbev/mss142.