330
Marine Mammal Physiology: Requisites for Ocean Living
Das, K., V. Debacker, and J.M. Bouquegneau. 2000. Metallothioneins in marine mammals: A review.
Cellular and Molecular Biology 46:283–294.
Das, K., V. Debacker, S. Pillet, and J.M. Bouquegneau. 2003. Heavy metals in marine mammals.
In Toxicology of Marine Mammals. eds. J.G. Vos, G.D. Bossart, M. Fournier, and T.J. O’Shea.
New York, Taylor & Francis, pp. 135–167.
Dawkins, R. 1987. The Blind Watchmaker. Why the Evidence of Evolution Reveals a Universe without
Design. Norton, New York.
Debes, F., E. Budtz-Jørgensen, P. Weihe, R.F. White, and P. Grandjean. 2006. Impact of prenatal methylmercury exposure on neurobehavioral function at age 14 years. Neurotoxicology and Teratology
28:363–375. doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2006.02.004.
Debier, C., C. Chalon, B.J. Le Boeuf, T. de Tillesse, Y. Larondelle, and J.-P. Thomé. 2006. Mobilization
of PCBs from blubber to blood in northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) during the
post-weaning fast. Aquatic Toxicology 80 (2):149–157. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.08.002.
Degange, A.R. and M.M. Vacca. 1989. Sea otter mortality at Kodiak Island, Alaska, during summer
1987. Journal of Mammalogy 70:836–838.
Dehn, L.-A., G.G. Sheffield, E.H. Follmann, L.K. Duffy, D.L. Thomas, G.R. Bratton, R.J. Taylor, and
T.M. O’Hara. 2005. Trace elements in tissues of phocid seals harvested in the Alaskan and
Canadian Arctic: Influence of age and feeding ecology. Canadian Journal of Zoology 83:726–746.
doi: 10.1139/z05-053.
Dietz, R., J. Nørgaardt, and J.C. Hansen. 1998. Have Arctic marine mammals adapted to high cadmium levels? Marine Pollution Bulletin 36 (6):490–492.
Dietz, R., P.M. Outridge, and K.A. Hobson. 2009. Anthropogenic contributions to mercury levels
in present-day Arctic animals—A review. Science of the Total Environment 407:6120–6131. doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.08.036.
Dietz, R., F. Riget, and P. Johansen. 1996. Lead, cadmium, mercury and selenium in Greenland
marine animals. Science of the Total Environment 186:67–93.
Dietz, R., C. Sonne, N. Basu, B. Braune, T. O’Hara, R.J. Letcher, T. Scheuhammer et al. 2013. What are
the toxicological effects of mercury in Arctic biota? Science of the Total Environment 443:775–790.
doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.046.
Doucette, G.J., C.M. Mikulski, K.L. King, P.R. Roth, Z. Wang, L.F. Leandro, S.L. DeGrasse et al. 2012.
Endangered North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) experience repeated, concurrent
exposure to multiple environmental neurotoxins produced by marine algae. Environmental
Research 112:67–76. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2011.09.010.
Duignan, P.J., J.E.B. Hunter, I.N. Visser, G.W. Jones, and A. Nutman. 2000. Stingray spines: A potential cause of killer whale mortality in New Zealand. Aquatic Mammals 17:143–147.
Durnam, D.M. and R.D. Palmiter. 1987. Analysis of the detoxification of heavy metal ions by mouse
metallothionein. Experientia Supplementum: Metallothionein II 52:457–463.
Edwards, R.A., J.M. Haggerty, N. Cassman, J.C. Busch, K. Aguinaldo, S. Chinta, M. Houle Vaughn
et al. 2013. Microbes, metagenomes and marine mammals: Enabling the next generation of
scientist to enter the genomic era. BMC Genomics 14:600. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-600.
Farina, M., M. Aschner, and J.B.T. Rocha. 2011. Oxidative stress in MeHg-induced neurotoxicity.
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 256:405–417. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2011.05.001.
Fedorenkova, A., J.A. Vonk, H.J.R. Lenders, N.J. Ouborg, A.M. Breure, and A.J. Hendriks. 2010.
Ecotoxicogenomics: Bridging the gap between genes and populations. Environmental Science
and Technology 44:4328–4333.
Fire, S.E. and F.M. Van Dolah. 2012. Marine biotoxins: Emergence of harmful algal blooms as
health threats to marine wildlife. In New Directions in Conservation Medicine: Applied Cases of
Ecological Health, eds. A. Aguire, R. Ostfeld, and P. Daszak. Oxford University Press, New York,
pp. 374–389.
Fitzgerald, W.F., D.R. Engstrom, C.H. Lamborg, C.-M. Tsang, P.H. Balcom, and C.R.
Hammerschmidt. 2005. Modern and historic atmospheric mercury fluxes in northern
Alaska: Global sources and arctic depletion. Environmental Science and Technology 39:557–
568. doi: 10.1021/es049128x.
Flewelling, L.J., J.P. Naar, J.P. Abbott, D.G. Baden, N.B. Barros, G.D. Bossart, M.-Y.D. Bottein et al.
2005. Brevetoxicosis red tides and marine mammal mortalities. Nature 435:755–756.
Marine Mammal Physiology: Requisites for Ocean Living
Das, K., V. Debacker, and J.M. Bouquegneau. 2000. Metallothioneins in marine mammals: A review.
Cellular and Molecular Biology 46:283–294.
Das, K., V. Debacker, S. Pillet, and J.M. Bouquegneau. 2003. Heavy metals in marine mammals.
In Toxicology of Marine Mammals. eds. J.G. Vos, G.D. Bossart, M. Fournier, and T.J. O’Shea.
New York, Taylor & Francis, pp. 135–167.
Dawkins, R. 1987. The Blind Watchmaker. Why the Evidence of Evolution Reveals a Universe without
Design. Norton, New York.
Debes, F., E. Budtz-Jørgensen, P. Weihe, R.F. White, and P. Grandjean. 2006. Impact of prenatal methylmercury exposure on neurobehavioral function at age 14 years. Neurotoxicology and Teratology
28:363–375. doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2006.02.004.
Debier, C., C. Chalon, B.J. Le Boeuf, T. de Tillesse, Y. Larondelle, and J.-P. Thomé. 2006. Mobilization
of PCBs from blubber to blood in northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) during the
post-weaning fast. Aquatic Toxicology 80 (2):149–157. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.08.002.
Degange, A.R. and M.M. Vacca. 1989. Sea otter mortality at Kodiak Island, Alaska, during summer
1987. Journal of Mammalogy 70:836–838.
Dehn, L.-A., G.G. Sheffield, E.H. Follmann, L.K. Duffy, D.L. Thomas, G.R. Bratton, R.J. Taylor, and
T.M. O’Hara. 2005. Trace elements in tissues of phocid seals harvested in the Alaskan and
Canadian Arctic: Influence of age and feeding ecology. Canadian Journal of Zoology 83:726–746.
doi: 10.1139/z05-053.
Dietz, R., J. Nørgaardt, and J.C. Hansen. 1998. Have Arctic marine mammals adapted to high cadmium levels? Marine Pollution Bulletin 36 (6):490–492.
Dietz, R., P.M. Outridge, and K.A. Hobson. 2009. Anthropogenic contributions to mercury levels
in present-day Arctic animals—A review. Science of the Total Environment 407:6120–6131. doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.08.036.
Dietz, R., F. Riget, and P. Johansen. 1996. Lead, cadmium, mercury and selenium in Greenland
marine animals. Science of the Total Environment 186:67–93.
Dietz, R., C. Sonne, N. Basu, B. Braune, T. O’Hara, R.J. Letcher, T. Scheuhammer et al. 2013. What are
the toxicological effects of mercury in Arctic biota? Science of the Total Environment 443:775–790.
doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.11.046.
Doucette, G.J., C.M. Mikulski, K.L. King, P.R. Roth, Z. Wang, L.F. Leandro, S.L. DeGrasse et al. 2012.
Endangered North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) experience repeated, concurrent
exposure to multiple environmental neurotoxins produced by marine algae. Environmental
Research 112:67–76. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2011.09.010.
Duignan, P.J., J.E.B. Hunter, I.N. Visser, G.W. Jones, and A. Nutman. 2000. Stingray spines: A potential cause of killer whale mortality in New Zealand. Aquatic Mammals 17:143–147.
Durnam, D.M. and R.D. Palmiter. 1987. Analysis of the detoxification of heavy metal ions by mouse
metallothionein. Experientia Supplementum: Metallothionein II 52:457–463.
Edwards, R.A., J.M. Haggerty, N. Cassman, J.C. Busch, K. Aguinaldo, S. Chinta, M. Houle Vaughn
et al. 2013. Microbes, metagenomes and marine mammals: Enabling the next generation of
scientist to enter the genomic era. BMC Genomics 14:600. doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-600.
Farina, M., M. Aschner, and J.B.T. Rocha. 2011. Oxidative stress in MeHg-induced neurotoxicity.
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 256:405–417. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2011.05.001.
Fedorenkova, A., J.A. Vonk, H.J.R. Lenders, N.J. Ouborg, A.M. Breure, and A.J. Hendriks. 2010.
Ecotoxicogenomics: Bridging the gap between genes and populations. Environmental Science
and Technology 44:4328–4333.
Fire, S.E. and F.M. Van Dolah. 2012. Marine biotoxins: Emergence of harmful algal blooms as
health threats to marine wildlife. In New Directions in Conservation Medicine: Applied Cases of
Ecological Health, eds. A. Aguire, R. Ostfeld, and P. Daszak. Oxford University Press, New York,
pp. 374–389.
Fitzgerald, W.F., D.R. Engstrom, C.H. Lamborg, C.-M. Tsang, P.H. Balcom, and C.R.
Hammerschmidt. 2005. Modern and historic atmospheric mercury fluxes in northern
Alaska: Global sources and arctic depletion. Environmental Science and Technology 39:557–
568. doi: 10.1021/es049128x.
Flewelling, L.J., J.P. Naar, J.P. Abbott, D.G. Baden, N.B. Barros, G.D. Bossart, M.-Y.D. Bottein et al.
2005. Brevetoxicosis red tides and marine mammal mortalities. Nature 435:755–756.