Cam nutrition
59
Table
1. Amine acid requirements of common carp.
Amino acid
'Nose
(1979)
Ogino (1980)
Dabrowski(1983b)
( 1)
(2)
( 1)
-
( 3)
Arginine
4.3
1.6
4.4
506.1
.
Histidine
2.1
0.8
1,5
145.1
Isoleucine
2.5
0.9
2.6
255.1
Leucine
3.3
1.3
4.8
428.8
Lysine
5.7
2.2
6.0
458.3
Methionine
2.1
0.8 /3.1(1.2)
1.8
105.1
Cystine
5.2
2.0
0.9
Phenylalanine
3.4
1.4 /6.5(2.5)
3.4
254.2
Tyrosine
2.6
1.0
2.3
190.5
Threonie
3.9
1.5
3.8
212.5
Valine
3.6
1.4
3.4
304.9
Tryptophan
0.8
0.3
0.8
(1) Expressed as percent of dietary protein, (2) percent of dry diet and
(3) mg kg—1day—1. Methionine and phenylalanine were also expressed without
cystine and tyrosine, respectively.
absorption rate describing metabolic amino acid requirements (Table 1) might
prove useful criteria, although it needs further study. Other than these, only
available data is tryptophan requirements (Dabrowski, 1981) which was found
similar to that of warm—water catfish, but almost 2—fold lower that of carp
shown in table 1.
B.
Vitamin requirements
Vitamin requirements of fishes are affected not only by the size, age and
and growth rate but also by the environmental factors and nutrient
tionships as have been recognized in many species. Quantitative vitamin requi—
rements
of
carp
in shown in Table 2. These values were determined based on
feeding trials under the different experimental conditions by various work—
ers.
There are certain discrepancies in requirements of riboflavin and niacin
apparently due to difference in experimental conditions.
Table 2. Vitamin requirements (mg/kg) of common carp.
Vitamin
Requirement
Reference
Riboflavin
10—14
Ogino, 1967
7.0
Takeuchi et al, 1980
Pyridoxine
5—6
Ogino, 1965
Pantothehate
30—50
Ogino, 1967
Niacin
28
Aoe et al, 1967
356
Ogino, 1968
Biotin
1
Ogino et al,
19708
Choline
4000
Ogino et al, 1970b
Inositol
440
Aoe and Masuda, 1967
Vitamin A
10000 IU
Aoe et al, 1968
Vitamin E
200—300
Watanabe et al, 1977
59
Table
1. Amine acid requirements of common carp.
Amino acid
'Nose
(1979)
Ogino (1980)
Dabrowski(1983b)
( 1)
(2)
( 1)
-
( 3)
Arginine
4.3
1.6
4.4
506.1
.
Histidine
2.1
0.8
1,5
145.1
Isoleucine
2.5
0.9
2.6
255.1
Leucine
3.3
1.3
4.8
428.8
Lysine
5.7
2.2
6.0
458.3
Methionine
2.1
0.8 /3.1(1.2)
1.8
105.1
Cystine
5.2
2.0
0.9
Phenylalanine
3.4
1.4 /6.5(2.5)
3.4
254.2
Tyrosine
2.6
1.0
2.3
190.5
Threonie
3.9
1.5
3.8
212.5
Valine
3.6
1.4
3.4
304.9
Tryptophan
0.8
0.3
0.8
(1) Expressed as percent of dietary protein, (2) percent of dry diet and
(3) mg kg—1day—1. Methionine and phenylalanine were also expressed without
cystine and tyrosine, respectively.
absorption rate describing metabolic amino acid requirements (Table 1) might
prove useful criteria, although it needs further study. Other than these, only
available data is tryptophan requirements (Dabrowski, 1981) which was found
similar to that of warm—water catfish, but almost 2—fold lower that of carp
shown in table 1.
B.
Vitamin requirements
Vitamin requirements of fishes are affected not only by the size, age and
and growth rate but also by the environmental factors and nutrient
tionships as have been recognized in many species. Quantitative vitamin requi—
rements
of
carp
in shown in Table 2. These values were determined based on
feeding trials under the different experimental conditions by various work—
ers.
There are certain discrepancies in requirements of riboflavin and niacin
apparently due to difference in experimental conditions.
Table 2. Vitamin requirements (mg/kg) of common carp.
Vitamin
Requirement
Reference
Riboflavin
10—14
Ogino, 1967
7.0
Takeuchi et al, 1980
Pyridoxine
5—6
Ogino, 1965
Pantothehate
30—50
Ogino, 1967
Niacin
28
Aoe et al, 1967
356
Ogino, 1968
Biotin
1
Ogino et al,
19708
Choline
4000
Ogino et al, 1970b
Inositol
440
Aoe and Masuda, 1967
Vitamin A
10000 IU
Aoe et al, 1968
Vitamin E
200—300
Watanabe et al, 1977