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8. Applications of Groundwater Quality Models
Regional development plan
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l
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~
Level of economic development
Quality of livelihood and environment
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~
J
,
Water
Land resources
Industry resources
Human resDurces
resources
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~
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Groundwater resources
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Surface water resources
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+
t
f
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Hydraulic management
Management of
Allocation of
water quality
water resources
FiGURE 8.7. The role and position of groundwater management in regional development.
ment problems. A mathematical model of water flow and water quality, in
whieh the deeision variables are eonsidered as model parameters, ean be used
to solve the predietion problem and answer whether or not adeeision is
feasible. The management problem is seleetion of the optimal deeision that
ean best meet the presented objeetives from all feasible deeisions.
Groundwater management models ean be divided into groundwater hydraulie management models, groundwater quality management models and
the models in eombination with resourees alloeation, eeonomie development
and poliey evaluation. Figure 8.7 shows the role and position of groundwater
management in regional eeonomie development.
The hydraulic management model is the simplest kind of management
model. The decision variables mainly include the locations and rates of
extraction and injection wells, hydraulic heads and hydraulic gradients in
so me parts of the domain, and so forth. The management objectives usually
involve minimizing the drawdown in the extraction wells, maximizing water
supply, forming an optimal hydraulic barrier, and so forth. In this kind of
model, the economy consideration is realized through controlling the hydraulic variables. For instance, more water supply will promote economic