Proof of clonality: The question of whether DNA-FP changes as a result of
technology or other factors is a matter of great interest. Identical patterns have been
exhibited by artificially produced clone populations (ayu, olive flounder) and crucian carp from the same embryo (Fig. 5.5). The possibility of factors besides genes
affecting the difference between organisms has been shown to be nonexistent as
long as the organisms are being compared within the same film (Hulata 2001).
Separation of environmental variance and genetic variance due to mixed
breeding of multiple clonal lines: Precise estimation of genetic variance and
environment variance in quantitative traits through variance analysis requires
multiple produced lines to be raised in the same environment. Attempts have been
made to use DNA markers to distinguish lines for a more precise calculation than
genetic or environmental variation (Taniguchi et al. 1996).
5.6.5 Assessing Genetic Diversity in Endangered Species
For the red seabream and ayu, the wild population variability index (1-BSI) is a
very high 0.7–0.9. In the case of the endangered Ryukyu ayu, however, the variability index has fallen to around 0.5, and genetic homogenization has been
While the common ayu is polymorphous, the Ryukyu ayu can be observed to have lost genetic diversity.
Fig. 5.10 Microsatellite DNA polymorphs for the ayu: Pal7 gene locus
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technology or other factors is a matter of great interest. Identical patterns have been
exhibited by artificially produced clone populations (ayu, olive flounder) and crucian carp from the same embryo (Fig. 5.5). The possibility of factors besides genes
affecting the difference between organisms has been shown to be nonexistent as
long as the organisms are being compared within the same film (Hulata 2001).
Separation of environmental variance and genetic variance due to mixed
breeding of multiple clonal lines: Precise estimation of genetic variance and
environment variance in quantitative traits through variance analysis requires
multiple produced lines to be raised in the same environment. Attempts have been
made to use DNA markers to distinguish lines for a more precise calculation than
genetic or environmental variation (Taniguchi et al. 1996).
5.6.5 Assessing Genetic Diversity in Endangered Species
For the red seabream and ayu, the wild population variability index (1-BSI) is a
very high 0.7–0.9. In the case of the endangered Ryukyu ayu, however, the variability index has fallen to around 0.5, and genetic homogenization has been
While the common ayu is polymorphous, the Ryukyu ayu can be observed to have lost genetic diversity.
Fig. 5.10 Microsatellite DNA polymorphs for the ayu: Pal7 gene locus
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