17. Sheppard, D. et al., Magnitude of the interaction between the bronchomotor
effects of sulfur dioxide and those of dry (cold) air, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis., 130,
52, 1984.
18. Linn, W.S. et al., Effects of heat and humidity on the responses of exercising
asthmatics to sulfur dioxide exposure, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 131, 221, 1985.
19. Reid, L., An experimental study of the hypersecretion of mucus in the
bronchial tree, Br. J. Exp. Pathol., 44, 437, 1963.
20. Amdur, M.O. and Chen, L.C., Furnace generated acid aerosols: Speciation and
pulmonary effects, Environ. Health Perspect., 79, 147, 1989.
21. EPA, Second Addendum to Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter and
Sulfur Oxides (1982). EPA/600/8-86/020F. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1986.
22. Zeevaart, A.J. Some effects of fumigating plants for short periods with NO 2 ,
Environ. Pollut., 11, 97, 1976.
23. Wellburn, A.R., Majernik, O. and Wellburn, F.A.M., Effects of SO 2 and NO 2
polluted air upon the ultrastructure of chloroplasts, Environ. Pollut., 3, 37,
1972.
24. Freeman, G. and Haydon, G.B., Emphysema after low-level exposure to NO 2 ,
Arch. Environ. Health, 8, 125, 1964.
25. Orehek, J. et al., Effects of short-term, low-level nitrogen dioxide exposure on
bronchial sensitivity of asthmatic patients, J. Clin. Invest., 57, 301, 1976.
26. Romieu, I., Epidemiologcal studies of health effects arising from motor vehicle
air pollution, in Schwella, D. and Zali, O., Eds., Urban Traffic Pollution,
Ecotox/WHO/E&FN Spon, London, 1999, p.9.
27. Pereira, L.A. et al., Association between air pollution and intrauterine
mortality in Sao Paulo, Brazil, Environ. Health Perspect., 106, 325, 1998.
28. Roehm, J.N., Hadley, J.G. and Menzel, D.B., Oxidation of unsaturated fatty
acids by ozone and nitrogen dioxide – a common mechanism of action, Arch.
Environ. Health, 23, 142, 1971.
29. Buckley, R.D. and Balchum, O.J., Acute and chronic exposure to nitrogen
dioxide, Arch. Environ. Health, 10, 220, 1965.
30. Buckley, R.D. and Balchum, O.J., Effects of nitrogen dioxide on lactic
dehydrogenase isozymes, Arch. Environ. Health, 14, 424, 1967.
31. NAS/NRC. Ozone and Other Photochemical Oxidants. Committee on Medical
and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants. U.S. National Academy of
Sciences, Washington, D.C., 1977, p.38.
32. Buckley, R.D. and Balchum, O.J., Enzyme alterations following nitrogen
dioxide exposure, Arch. Environ. Health, 14, 687, 1967.
33. Blum, U. and Heck, W.W., Effects of acute ozone exposures on snap bean.
(Phaseolus vulgaris cultivar BBL -290) at various stages of its life cycle, Environ.
Exp. Bot., 20, 73, 1980.
34. Henderson, W.R. and Reinert, R.A., Yield response of four fresh market
tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) cultivars after acute ozone exposure in the
seedling stage, J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci., 104, 754, 1979.
35. Grunwald, C. and Endress, A.G., Fatty acids of soybean seeds harvested from
plants exposed to air pollutants, J. Agr. Chem., 32, 50, 1984.
36. Letchworth, M.B. and Blum, U., Effects of acute ozone exposure on growth,
modulation, and nitrogen content of Ladino clover, Environ. Pollut., 14, 303,
1977.
132
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effects of sulfur dioxide and those of dry (cold) air, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis., 130,
52, 1984.
18. Linn, W.S. et al., Effects of heat and humidity on the responses of exercising
asthmatics to sulfur dioxide exposure, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 131, 221, 1985.
19. Reid, L., An experimental study of the hypersecretion of mucus in the
bronchial tree, Br. J. Exp. Pathol., 44, 437, 1963.
20. Amdur, M.O. and Chen, L.C., Furnace generated acid aerosols: Speciation and
pulmonary effects, Environ. Health Perspect., 79, 147, 1989.
21. EPA, Second Addendum to Air Quality Criteria for Particulate Matter and
Sulfur Oxides (1982). EPA/600/8-86/020F. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, D.C., 1986.
22. Zeevaart, A.J. Some effects of fumigating plants for short periods with NO 2 ,
Environ. Pollut., 11, 97, 1976.
23. Wellburn, A.R., Majernik, O. and Wellburn, F.A.M., Effects of SO 2 and NO 2
polluted air upon the ultrastructure of chloroplasts, Environ. Pollut., 3, 37,
1972.
24. Freeman, G. and Haydon, G.B., Emphysema after low-level exposure to NO 2 ,
Arch. Environ. Health, 8, 125, 1964.
25. Orehek, J. et al., Effects of short-term, low-level nitrogen dioxide exposure on
bronchial sensitivity of asthmatic patients, J. Clin. Invest., 57, 301, 1976.
26. Romieu, I., Epidemiologcal studies of health effects arising from motor vehicle
air pollution, in Schwella, D. and Zali, O., Eds., Urban Traffic Pollution,
Ecotox/WHO/E&FN Spon, London, 1999, p.9.
27. Pereira, L.A. et al., Association between air pollution and intrauterine
mortality in Sao Paulo, Brazil, Environ. Health Perspect., 106, 325, 1998.
28. Roehm, J.N., Hadley, J.G. and Menzel, D.B., Oxidation of unsaturated fatty
acids by ozone and nitrogen dioxide – a common mechanism of action, Arch.
Environ. Health, 23, 142, 1971.
29. Buckley, R.D. and Balchum, O.J., Acute and chronic exposure to nitrogen
dioxide, Arch. Environ. Health, 10, 220, 1965.
30. Buckley, R.D. and Balchum, O.J., Effects of nitrogen dioxide on lactic
dehydrogenase isozymes, Arch. Environ. Health, 14, 424, 1967.
31. NAS/NRC. Ozone and Other Photochemical Oxidants. Committee on Medical
and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants. U.S. National Academy of
Sciences, Washington, D.C., 1977, p.38.
32. Buckley, R.D. and Balchum, O.J., Enzyme alterations following nitrogen
dioxide exposure, Arch. Environ. Health, 14, 687, 1967.
33. Blum, U. and Heck, W.W., Effects of acute ozone exposures on snap bean.
(Phaseolus vulgaris cultivar BBL -290) at various stages of its life cycle, Environ.
Exp. Bot., 20, 73, 1980.
34. Henderson, W.R. and Reinert, R.A., Yield response of four fresh market
tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) cultivars after acute ozone exposure in the
seedling stage, J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci., 104, 754, 1979.
35. Grunwald, C. and Endress, A.G., Fatty acids of soybean seeds harvested from
plants exposed to air pollutants, J. Agr. Chem., 32, 50, 1984.
36. Letchworth, M.B. and Blum, U., Effects of acute ozone exposure on growth,
modulation, and nitrogen content of Ladino clover, Environ. Pollut., 14, 303,
1977.
132
Environmental Toxicology
[16:53 26/8/04 P:/CRC PRESS/4365 MING-HO.751 (1670)/4365-008.3d]
Ref: 4365 MING-HO YU Chap-008 Page: 132 111-134