Table 1.2 Comparison of the four research sites, in Thailand and Vietnam
Statistic
Thailand
Vietnam
Bor Krai
a
Mae Sa
b
Muong Lum
c
Chieng Khoi
d
Type of
delineation
Village
(8.5 km
2
)
Watershed
(77 km
2 )
Sub-catchment
and commune
Sub-catchment
and commune
Settlement characteristics
Main
ethnicities
Lahu
Hmong, Thai
Black Thai, Hmong
Black Thai
Villages
1
12
9
5
Farm
households
60
1,490
436
471
Household size
(persons)
5.7
5.1
5.2
4.9
Children (%
population)
NA
24
34
22
Farm size (ha) 4.1
1.6
1.2
1.7
Topography and edaphic conditions
Elevation
(m.a.s.l.)
550–1,020
616–1,540
780–1,320
410–975
Soils
Luvisols,
Acrisols,
Cambisols
Acrisols,
Cambisols
f
Luvisols, Alisols
Luvisols, Alisols
Lithology
Limestone
Granite, gneiss
Limestone, clayey
shale, alluvial
sediments
Sandstone,
claystone
Climate
Mean Rainfall
(mm/year)
e
1,178
1,210
1,189
996
Mean annual
temp. (
C)
e
21.3
21.6
21.3
23.3
Land cover
g
Forest (% of
total area)
67.9
NA
53.4
29.7
Paddy (% of
total area)
0.1
0.02
14.2
3.5
Land cover
change
h
– fallow
þ non-ag. land use þ upland fields
þ upland fields –
forest
– forest, – fallow
Farming
Irrigated (% ag.
land)
0
79
20 (paddy)
16 (paddy)
Main
subsistence
crops
Upland rice
Some paddy rice
Paddy rice, upland
rice, vegetables
Paddy rice
Main cash
crops
Maize, squash Litchis, cabbages,
flowers, bell
peppers,
chayote
Maize, cassava
Maize, cassava
(continued)
10
P. Schreinemachers et al.
Statistic
Thailand
Vietnam
Bor Krai
a
Mae Sa
b
Muong Lum
c
Chieng Khoi
d
Type of
delineation
Village
(8.5 km
2
)
Watershed
(77 km
2 )
Sub-catchment
and commune
Sub-catchment
and commune
Settlement characteristics
Main
ethnicities
Lahu
Hmong, Thai
Black Thai, Hmong
Black Thai
Villages
1
12
9
5
Farm
households
60
1,490
436
471
Household size
(persons)
5.7
5.1
5.2
4.9
Children (%
population)
NA
24
34
22
Farm size (ha) 4.1
1.6
1.2
1.7
Topography and edaphic conditions
Elevation
(m.a.s.l.)
550–1,020
616–1,540
780–1,320
410–975
Soils
Luvisols,
Acrisols,
Cambisols
Acrisols,
Cambisols
f
Luvisols, Alisols
Luvisols, Alisols
Lithology
Limestone
Granite, gneiss
Limestone, clayey
shale, alluvial
sediments
Sandstone,
claystone
Climate
Mean Rainfall
(mm/year)
e
1,178
1,210
1,189
996
Mean annual
temp. (
C)
e
21.3
21.6
21.3
23.3
Land cover
g
Forest (% of
total area)
67.9
NA
53.4
29.7
Paddy (% of
total area)
0.1
0.02
14.2
3.5
Land cover
change
h
– fallow
þ non-ag. land use þ upland fields
þ upland fields –
forest
– forest, – fallow
Farming
Irrigated (% ag.
land)
0
79
20 (paddy)
16 (paddy)
Main
subsistence
crops
Upland rice
Some paddy rice
Paddy rice, upland
rice, vegetables
Paddy rice
Main cash
crops
Maize, squash Litchis, cabbages,
flowers, bell
peppers,
chayote
Maize, cassava
Maize, cassava
(continued)
10
P. Schreinemachers et al.