4 Silicon Plasmonics
165
20. S. Zhu, G.Q. Lo, D.L. Kwong, Components for silicon plasmonic nanocircuits based on
horizontal Cu-SiO2-Si-SiO2-cu nanoplasmonic waveguides. Opt. Express 20(6), 5867–5881
(2012)
21. D.J. Bergman, M.I. Stockman, Surface plasmon amplification by stimulated emission of radiation: quantum generation of coherent surface plasmons in nanosystems. Phys. Rev. Lett. 90(2),
027402+ (2003)
22. J.B. Khurgin, G. Sun, Injection pumped single mode surface plasmon generators: threshold,
linewidth, and coherence. Opt. Express 20(14), 15309–15325 (2012)
23. W M. Green, M.J. Rooks, L. Sekaric, Y.A. Vlasov, Ultra-compact, low RF power, 10 gb/s
silicon Mach-zehnder modulator. Opt. Express 15(25), 17106–17113 (2007)
24. A. Liu, L. Liao, D. Rubin, H. Nguyen, B. Ciftcioglu, Y. Chetrit, N. Izhaky, M. Paniccia, Highspeed optical modulation based on carrier depletion in a silicon waveguide. Opt. Express 15(2),
660–668 (2007)
25. F.Y. Gardes, D.J. Thomson, N.G. Emerson, G.T. Reed, 40 gb/s silicon photonics modulator for
TE and TM polarisations. Opt. Express 19(12), 11804–11814 (2011)
26. G.T. Reed, G. Mashanovich, F.Y. Gardes, D.J. Thomson, Silicon optical modulators. Nat.
Photonics 4(8), 518–526 (2010)
27. Q. Xu, B. Schmidt, S. Pradhan, M. Lipson, Micrometre-scale silicon electro-optic modulator.
Nature 435, 325–327 (2005)
28. V.R. Almeida, C.A. Barrios, R.R. Panepucci, M. Lipson, All-optical control of light on a silicon
chip. Nature 431, 1081–10842 (2004)
29. L. Zhou, A.W. Poon, Silicon electro-optic modulators using p-i-n diodes embedded 10-microndiameter microdisk resonators. Opt. Express 14(15), 6851–6857 (2006)
30. M.R. Watts, D.C. Trotter, R.W. Young, A.L. Lentine, Ultralow power silicon microdisk modulators and switches. Group IV Photonics IEEE, 4–6 (2008)
31. W. Bogaerts, P. De Heyn, T. Van Vaerenbergh, K. De Vos, S. Kumar Selvaraja, T. Claes, P.
Dumon, P. Bienstman, D. Van Thourhout, R. Baets, Silicon microring resonators. Laser &
Photon. Rev. 6(1), 47–73 (2012)
32. S. Feng, T. Lei, H. Chen, H. Cai, X. Luo, A.W. Poon, Silicon photonics: from a microresonator
perspective. Laser & Photon. Rev. 6(2), 145–177 (2012)
33. J.A. Dionne, K. Diest, L.A. Sweatlock, H.A. Atwater, PlasMOStor: a metal-oxide-si field effect
plasmonic modulator. Nano Lett. 9(2), 897–902 (2009)
34. S. Zhu, G.Q. Lo, D.L. Kwong, Electro-absorption modulation in horizontal metal-insulatorsilicon-insulator-metal nanoplasmonic slot waveguides. Appl. Phys. Lett. 99(15), 151114+
(2011)
35. T. Hirata, K. Kajikawa, T. Tabei, H. Sunami, Proposal of a metal-oxide-semiconductor silicon
optical modulator based on inversion-carrier absorption. J. Appl. Phys. 47, 2906–2909 (2008)
36. A. Melikyan, N. Lindenmann, S. Walheim, P.M. Leufke, S. Ulrich, J. Ye, P. Vincze, H. Hahn, T.
Schimmel, C. Koos, W. Freude, J. Leuthold, Surface plasmon polariton absorption modulator.
Opt. Express 19(9), 8855–8869 (2011)
37. J.N. Caspers, N. Rotenberg, H.M. van Driel, Ultrafast silicon-based active plasmonics at telecom wavelengths. Opt. Express 18(19), 19761–19769 (2010)
38. K.F. MacDonald, Z.L. Samson, M.I. Stockman, N.I. Zheludev, Ultrafast active plasmonics.
Nat. Photon. 3(1), 55–58 (2009)
39. Y. Kang, H.-D. Liu, M. Morse, M.J. Paniccia, M. Zadka, S. Litski, G. Saridm, A. Pauchard, Y.-H.
Kuo, H.-W. Chen, W.S. Zaoui, J.E. Bowers, A. Beling, D.C. McIntosh, X. Zheng, J.C. Campbell,
Monolithic germanium/silicon avalanche photodiodes with 340 GHz gain-bandwidth product.
Nat. Photon. 3(1), 59–63 (2009)
40. J. Michel, J. Liu, L.C. Kimerling, High-performance Ge-on-Si photodetectors. Nat. Photon.
4(8), 527–534 (2010)
41. S. Assefa, F. Xia, Y.A. Vlasov, Reinventing germanium avalanche photodetector for nanophotonic on-chip optical interconnects. Nature 464, 80–84 (2010)
42. A.R. Hawkins, W. Wu, P. Abraham, K. Streubel, J.E. Bowers, High gain-bandwidth-product
silicon heterointerface photodetector. Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 303–305 (1997)
165
20. S. Zhu, G.Q. Lo, D.L. Kwong, Components for silicon plasmonic nanocircuits based on
horizontal Cu-SiO2-Si-SiO2-cu nanoplasmonic waveguides. Opt. Express 20(6), 5867–5881
(2012)
21. D.J. Bergman, M.I. Stockman, Surface plasmon amplification by stimulated emission of radiation: quantum generation of coherent surface plasmons in nanosystems. Phys. Rev. Lett. 90(2),
027402+ (2003)
22. J.B. Khurgin, G. Sun, Injection pumped single mode surface plasmon generators: threshold,
linewidth, and coherence. Opt. Express 20(14), 15309–15325 (2012)
23. W M. Green, M.J. Rooks, L. Sekaric, Y.A. Vlasov, Ultra-compact, low RF power, 10 gb/s
silicon Mach-zehnder modulator. Opt. Express 15(25), 17106–17113 (2007)
24. A. Liu, L. Liao, D. Rubin, H. Nguyen, B. Ciftcioglu, Y. Chetrit, N. Izhaky, M. Paniccia, Highspeed optical modulation based on carrier depletion in a silicon waveguide. Opt. Express 15(2),
660–668 (2007)
25. F.Y. Gardes, D.J. Thomson, N.G. Emerson, G.T. Reed, 40 gb/s silicon photonics modulator for
TE and TM polarisations. Opt. Express 19(12), 11804–11814 (2011)
26. G.T. Reed, G. Mashanovich, F.Y. Gardes, D.J. Thomson, Silicon optical modulators. Nat.
Photonics 4(8), 518–526 (2010)
27. Q. Xu, B. Schmidt, S. Pradhan, M. Lipson, Micrometre-scale silicon electro-optic modulator.
Nature 435, 325–327 (2005)
28. V.R. Almeida, C.A. Barrios, R.R. Panepucci, M. Lipson, All-optical control of light on a silicon
chip. Nature 431, 1081–10842 (2004)
29. L. Zhou, A.W. Poon, Silicon electro-optic modulators using p-i-n diodes embedded 10-microndiameter microdisk resonators. Opt. Express 14(15), 6851–6857 (2006)
30. M.R. Watts, D.C. Trotter, R.W. Young, A.L. Lentine, Ultralow power silicon microdisk modulators and switches. Group IV Photonics IEEE, 4–6 (2008)
31. W. Bogaerts, P. De Heyn, T. Van Vaerenbergh, K. De Vos, S. Kumar Selvaraja, T. Claes, P.
Dumon, P. Bienstman, D. Van Thourhout, R. Baets, Silicon microring resonators. Laser &
Photon. Rev. 6(1), 47–73 (2012)
32. S. Feng, T. Lei, H. Chen, H. Cai, X. Luo, A.W. Poon, Silicon photonics: from a microresonator
perspective. Laser & Photon. Rev. 6(2), 145–177 (2012)
33. J.A. Dionne, K. Diest, L.A. Sweatlock, H.A. Atwater, PlasMOStor: a metal-oxide-si field effect
plasmonic modulator. Nano Lett. 9(2), 897–902 (2009)
34. S. Zhu, G.Q. Lo, D.L. Kwong, Electro-absorption modulation in horizontal metal-insulatorsilicon-insulator-metal nanoplasmonic slot waveguides. Appl. Phys. Lett. 99(15), 151114+
(2011)
35. T. Hirata, K. Kajikawa, T. Tabei, H. Sunami, Proposal of a metal-oxide-semiconductor silicon
optical modulator based on inversion-carrier absorption. J. Appl. Phys. 47, 2906–2909 (2008)
36. A. Melikyan, N. Lindenmann, S. Walheim, P.M. Leufke, S. Ulrich, J. Ye, P. Vincze, H. Hahn, T.
Schimmel, C. Koos, W. Freude, J. Leuthold, Surface plasmon polariton absorption modulator.
Opt. Express 19(9), 8855–8869 (2011)
37. J.N. Caspers, N. Rotenberg, H.M. van Driel, Ultrafast silicon-based active plasmonics at telecom wavelengths. Opt. Express 18(19), 19761–19769 (2010)
38. K.F. MacDonald, Z.L. Samson, M.I. Stockman, N.I. Zheludev, Ultrafast active plasmonics.
Nat. Photon. 3(1), 55–58 (2009)
39. Y. Kang, H.-D. Liu, M. Morse, M.J. Paniccia, M. Zadka, S. Litski, G. Saridm, A. Pauchard, Y.-H.
Kuo, H.-W. Chen, W.S. Zaoui, J.E. Bowers, A. Beling, D.C. McIntosh, X. Zheng, J.C. Campbell,
Monolithic germanium/silicon avalanche photodiodes with 340 GHz gain-bandwidth product.
Nat. Photon. 3(1), 59–63 (2009)
40. J. Michel, J. Liu, L.C. Kimerling, High-performance Ge-on-Si photodetectors. Nat. Photon.
4(8), 527–534 (2010)
41. S. Assefa, F. Xia, Y.A. Vlasov, Reinventing germanium avalanche photodetector for nanophotonic on-chip optical interconnects. Nature 464, 80–84 (2010)
42. A.R. Hawkins, W. Wu, P. Abraham, K. Streubel, J.E. Bowers, High gain-bandwidth-product
silicon heterointerface photodetector. Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 303–305 (1997)