3.1 The Holographic Method of Contouring of Static …
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The band brightness on the obtained image decreases as the points of the object
move away from the plane of the hologram. This indicates the possibility to use these
methods for absolute relief estimation of static structures as well as of highly labile
biological tissues.
Thus, the developed multi-angle contouring method gives possibility to enhance
the accuracy of detection of contour maxima on the object in m/2 times comparing
with the traditional methods of surface relief detection.
Though it should be pointed out that the study of surface peculiarities of the
human body and their changes during treatment is connected with certain difficulties
and requires further developments in the sphere of creation of diagnostic equipment,
which uses coherent-optical waves. Transfer to holographic contouring of living
tissues can be accomplished through pulse lasers.
Implementation of these methods for surface relief detection will make it possible
to get a huge amount of information, by which one can judge both about the state
of soft surface tissues and indirectly about the state of the muscular system and
tuberculosis structures.
3.1.7 Briefly About Moire Surface Relief Contouring
As one of the examples of practical application of coherent-optical methods, there
can be mentioned the implementation of moire methods for estimation of manual
therapy efficiency while detecting functional blocks and the level of deblocking of
spinal motional segments.
In a number of cases, the moire contouring methods are simpler in their realization
[99]. Their essence is that while illuminating the object under study with two periodic
systems of light bands a third structure is formed, which bears information about the
shape of the surface of the objects under study. Several different methods of moire
pattern forming are known. The most widespread method is based on using periodic
grating that can be produced with the method suggested in the works [100, 101] and
through putting dark lines on the glass surface. To reach the maximal contrast of the
moiré pattern, the width of a dark line must be equal to the width of the light space
between them. The principle scheme of implementation of this method is shown in
Fig. 3.14. Located behind the grating D with the period d the surface of the object O
under study is illuminated with the light source 1.
As a result of this, dark and light alternate lines are projected onto the surface under
study. While observing the studied surface through the grating from the direction,
which differs from the illumination direction, the projection of the strokes of the
surface of the object with the stroke of the grating occurs, and thus, the moiré pattern
is formed. The surface under study appears to be a crossed near the alternating planes,
the distance between which is approximately the same and is equal to h. The value h
is known as the depth interval. While using plane-parallel light beams h 1 = h 2 = h
(Fig. 3.14), the observed pattern of moiré bands is a contoured map (topogram) of the
surface under study. The resolution of the moiré topogram is estimated by the depth
211
The band brightness on the obtained image decreases as the points of the object
move away from the plane of the hologram. This indicates the possibility to use these
methods for absolute relief estimation of static structures as well as of highly labile
biological tissues.
Thus, the developed multi-angle contouring method gives possibility to enhance
the accuracy of detection of contour maxima on the object in m/2 times comparing
with the traditional methods of surface relief detection.
Though it should be pointed out that the study of surface peculiarities of the
human body and their changes during treatment is connected with certain difficulties
and requires further developments in the sphere of creation of diagnostic equipment,
which uses coherent-optical waves. Transfer to holographic contouring of living
tissues can be accomplished through pulse lasers.
Implementation of these methods for surface relief detection will make it possible
to get a huge amount of information, by which one can judge both about the state
of soft surface tissues and indirectly about the state of the muscular system and
tuberculosis structures.
3.1.7 Briefly About Moire Surface Relief Contouring
As one of the examples of practical application of coherent-optical methods, there
can be mentioned the implementation of moire methods for estimation of manual
therapy efficiency while detecting functional blocks and the level of deblocking of
spinal motional segments.
In a number of cases, the moire contouring methods are simpler in their realization
[99]. Their essence is that while illuminating the object under study with two periodic
systems of light bands a third structure is formed, which bears information about the
shape of the surface of the objects under study. Several different methods of moire
pattern forming are known. The most widespread method is based on using periodic
grating that can be produced with the method suggested in the works [100, 101] and
through putting dark lines on the glass surface. To reach the maximal contrast of the
moiré pattern, the width of a dark line must be equal to the width of the light space
between them. The principle scheme of implementation of this method is shown in
Fig. 3.14. Located behind the grating D with the period d the surface of the object O
under study is illuminated with the light source 1.
As a result of this, dark and light alternate lines are projected onto the surface under
study. While observing the studied surface through the grating from the direction,
which differs from the illumination direction, the projection of the strokes of the
surface of the object with the stroke of the grating occurs, and thus, the moiré pattern
is formed. The surface under study appears to be a crossed near the alternating planes,
the distance between which is approximately the same and is equal to h. The value h
is known as the depth interval. While using plane-parallel light beams h 1 = h 2 = h
(Fig. 3.14), the observed pattern of moiré bands is a contoured map (topogram) of the
surface under study. The resolution of the moiré topogram is estimated by the depth