19
Fig. 2.4 Coverage of ecosystem structure, functions, and uses by policy measures under the charge of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
(MAFF)
s
r
e
d
l
o
h
e
k
a
t
S
Marine conservation,
education, cultural
activities, tourism, etc.
(Marine Cultural Service
users)
Fishers, fish
processors, fish
retailers, etc.
Marine
energy/resources
developers (oil, gas,
windmill, rare
materials, etc.)
Builders and
construction
companies (port,
coastline, etc.) and
shipping companies
Marine securityrelated agencies
(coast guard,
self-defense
force, police,
etc.)
Land-based activities
indirectly relating to
marine areas via
water discharges
(Agriculture, etc.)
s
e
p
y
t
e
s
U
Industrial
uses
Daily/traditional uses
by the local people
Education research,
conservation activities
Tourism/leisure
Fisheries
Transport
Spawning
ground
Seascape
Feedin
g area
Place for
human
acƟviƟes
Marine
energy/Res
ources
Phytoplankt
on
Zooplankton
Small
crustacea/shells
Energy/resource
development
Island (raised coral
reef) and Mangrove
QuieƟng
effect
Place for
living
Industrial development
(Ocean energy, seabed
exploration, etc.)
Seascape
Plant
/animal
nursery
ground
Fish
nursery
ground
Water
movement
Lights
Coastal
area
Land
Offshore
Habitat for
endangered
species (manta,
sea turtle, etc.)
Place for
animal and
plants
growth
Zooxan
thella
Land/property
development
Water
discharge
Soil
discharge
Inter-Ɵdal
Habitat for
fish species
Crown-ofthorns starfish
Water
clarity
Seagrass
Seagrass
bed
FloaƟng
seaweed
Attached
algae
Reef-building
Corals
Sea
surface
Attached
algae
Nutrient
Nutrient
Fish
nursery
ground
Daily/traditional uses
by the local people
Spawning
ground
Feedin
g area
Place for
living
Seagrass
bed
Habitat for
fish species
No-take
zones
Transport
Fisheries
No-take zones,
Gear regulations
Reef-building
Corals
Fishing rights,
Gear
regulations
horns starfish t t
Extermin
ation
No-take zones,
Gear regulations
Sea
surface
Land/property
development
Water
discharge
Soil
discharge
Place for
animal and
plants
growth
Att h
Seascape
Tourism/leisure
Education research,
conservation activities
Industrial development
(Ocean energy, seabed
exploration, etc.)
QuieƟng
effect
Coastal
area
Land
Crown n n- -ofth
Crown n n of
horns starfish t t
MAFF measures
(Fisheries, Agriculture,
Forestry, etc.)
Fishing rights,
No-take zones
Z
Seagrass
At
Fishing rights,
No-take zones,
Gear regulations
Place for
human
acƟviƟes
Island (raised coral
reef) and Mangrove
d
Farmland
management,
Regulations on
agriculture
activities and
fertilizer uses,
Forest
management,
etc.
Industrial
uses
Marine Uses Coordination Council
Land-based activities
indirectly relating to
marine areas via
water discharges
(Agriculture, etc.)
Builders and
construction
companies (port,
coastline, etc.) and
shipping companies
Agriculture
Fishers, fish
processors, fish
retailers, etc.
Fishers
2 Mapping the Policy Interventions on Marine Social-Ecological Systems: Case Study…
Fig. 2.4 Coverage of ecosystem structure, functions, and uses by policy measures under the charge of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
(MAFF)
s
r
e
d
l
o
h
e
k
a
t
S
Marine conservation,
education, cultural
activities, tourism, etc.
(Marine Cultural Service
users)
Fishers, fish
processors, fish
retailers, etc.
Marine
energy/resources
developers (oil, gas,
windmill, rare
materials, etc.)
Builders and
construction
companies (port,
coastline, etc.) and
shipping companies
Marine securityrelated agencies
(coast guard,
self-defense
force, police,
etc.)
Land-based activities
indirectly relating to
marine areas via
water discharges
(Agriculture, etc.)
s
e
p
y
t
e
s
U
Industrial
uses
Daily/traditional uses
by the local people
Education research,
conservation activities
Tourism/leisure
Fisheries
Transport
Spawning
ground
Seascape
Feedin
g area
Place for
human
acƟviƟes
Marine
energy/Res
ources
Phytoplankt
on
Zooplankton
Small
crustacea/shells
Energy/resource
development
Island (raised coral
reef) and Mangrove
QuieƟng
effect
Place for
living
Industrial development
(Ocean energy, seabed
exploration, etc.)
Seascape
Plant
/animal
nursery
ground
Fish
nursery
ground
Water
movement
Lights
Coastal
area
Land
Offshore
Habitat for
endangered
species (manta,
sea turtle, etc.)
Place for
animal and
plants
growth
Zooxan
thella
Land/property
development
Water
discharge
Soil
discharge
Inter-Ɵdal
Habitat for
fish species
Crown-ofthorns starfish
Water
clarity
Seagrass
Seagrass
bed
FloaƟng
seaweed
Attached
algae
Reef-building
Corals
Sea
surface
Attached
algae
Nutrient
Nutrient
Fish
nursery
ground
Daily/traditional uses
by the local people
Spawning
ground
Feedin
g area
Place for
living
Seagrass
bed
Habitat for
fish species
No-take
zones
Transport
Fisheries
No-take zones,
Gear regulations
Reef-building
Corals
Fishing rights,
Gear
regulations
horns starfish t t
Extermin
ation
No-take zones,
Gear regulations
Sea
surface
Land/property
development
Water
discharge
Soil
discharge
Place for
animal and
plants
growth
Att h
Seascape
Tourism/leisure
Education research,
conservation activities
Industrial development
(Ocean energy, seabed
exploration, etc.)
QuieƟng
effect
Coastal
area
Land
Crown n n- -ofth
Crown n n of
horns starfish t t
MAFF measures
(Fisheries, Agriculture,
Forestry, etc.)
Fishing rights,
No-take zones
Z
Seagrass
At
Fishing rights,
No-take zones,
Gear regulations
Place for
human
acƟviƟes
Island (raised coral
reef) and Mangrove
d
Farmland
management,
Regulations on
agriculture
activities and
fertilizer uses,
Forest
management,
etc.
Industrial
uses
Marine Uses Coordination Council
Land-based activities
indirectly relating to
marine areas via
water discharges
(Agriculture, etc.)
Builders and
construction
companies (port,
coastline, etc.) and
shipping companies
Agriculture
Fishers, fish
processors, fish
retailers, etc.
Fishers
2 Mapping the Policy Interventions on Marine Social-Ecological Systems: Case Study…