130
nities. Livelihood solutions also represent the highest overall proportion of any
solution sub-type.
There are a few instances of unique solutions in sub-regions. For instance, investments in improved value-chains are found only in East Asia at the local scale. One
such case included the addition of a local bamboo processing industry in China
(Yiping 2011). In several cases, one sub-region does not select solution types found
in the other two sub-regions. Consumer preference schemes such as eco-labelling of
environmentally-friendly rice in Taiwan (economic); cultural practices such as
“muyong” in the Philippines that guide private forest land owners to act flexibly
with regard to sustainable community resource management (social and cultural);
regulations, policies, and frameworks such as community action plans at the local
scale (institutional and governance); and renewable energy investments (technological) are not found in South Asia at the local scale (Fan et al. 2016; UNU-IAS
2012c). Market access interventions such as the creation of new local businesses
that create markets for locally grown produce in the revitalization of small towns in
Fig. 7.2 Local-scale solutions per subcategory of solution type and per sub-region, in percent per
solution type
R. Kozar et al.
nities. Livelihood solutions also represent the highest overall proportion of any
solution sub-type.
There are a few instances of unique solutions in sub-regions. For instance, investments in improved value-chains are found only in East Asia at the local scale. One
such case included the addition of a local bamboo processing industry in China
(Yiping 2011). In several cases, one sub-region does not select solution types found
in the other two sub-regions. Consumer preference schemes such as eco-labelling of
environmentally-friendly rice in Taiwan (economic); cultural practices such as
“muyong” in the Philippines that guide private forest land owners to act flexibly
with regard to sustainable community resource management (social and cultural);
regulations, policies, and frameworks such as community action plans at the local
scale (institutional and governance); and renewable energy investments (technological) are not found in South Asia at the local scale (Fan et al. 2016; UNU-IAS
2012c). Market access interventions such as the creation of new local businesses
that create markets for locally grown produce in the revitalization of small towns in
Fig. 7.2 Local-scale solutions per subcategory of solution type and per sub-region, in percent per
solution type
R. Kozar et al.