546
V. S. Simi et al.
9. Santra TS, Bhattacharyya TK, Patel P, Tseng FG, Barik TK (2011) Structural and tribological
properties of diamond-like nanocomposite thin films. Surf Coatings Technol 206:228–233.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2011.06.057
10. Mechanical testing of orthopaedic implants, 1st edn. https://www.elsevier.com/books/mechan
ical-testing-of-orthopaedic-implants/friis/978-0-08-100286-5. Accessed 22 Jun 2020
11. McGregor DB, Baan RA, Partensky C, Rice JM, Wilbourn JD (2000) Evaluation of the
carcinogenic risks to humans associated with surgical implants and other foreign bodies—a
report of an IARC Monographs Programme Meeting. In: European J Cancer Eur J Cancer,
pp 307–313
12. Chen Q, Thouas GA (2015) Metallic implant biomaterials. Mater. Sci. Eng. R Reports 87:1–57
13. Hu X, Shen H, Shuai K, Zhang E, Bai Y, Cheng Y, Xiong X, Wang S, Fang J, Wei S
(2011) Surface bioactivity modification of titanium by CO 2 plasma treatment and induction of hydroxyapatite: In vitro and in vivo studies. Appl Surf Sci 257:1813–1823. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.08.082
14. Mohan L, Durgalakshmi D, Geetha M, Narayanan TSNS, Asokamani R (2012) Electrophoretic deposition of nanocomposite (HAp + TiO 2 ) on titanium alloy for biomedical
applications. Ceram Int 38:3435–3443
15. Gittens RA, Olivares-Navarrete R, Schwartz Z, Boyan BD (2014) Implant osseointegration
and the role of microroughness and nanostructures: Lessons for spine implants. Acta Biomater
10:3363–3371
16. Geetha M, Singh AK, Asokamani R, Gogia AK (2009) Ti based biomaterials, the ultimate
choice for orthopaedic implants—a review. Prog Mater Sci 54:397–425. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.pmatsci.2008.06.004
17. Puleo DA, Nanci A (1999) Understanding and controlling the bone-implant interface.
Biomaterials 20:2311–2321. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9612(99)00160-X
18. Bajgai MP, Parajuli DC, Park SJ, Chu KH, Kang HS, Kim HY (2010) In vitro bioactivity
of sol-gel-derived hydroxyapatite particulate nanofiber modified titanium. J Mater Sci Mater
Med 21:685–694. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-009-3902-2
19. Mohan L, Anandan C, Rajendran N (2015) Electrochemical behavior and effect of heat treatment on morphology, crystalline structure of self-organized TiO 2 nanotube arrays on Ti–
6Al–7Nb for biomedical applications. Mater Sci Eng, C 50:394–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.msec.2015.02.013
20. Gittens RA, McLachlan T, Olivares-Navarrete R, Cai Y, Berner S, Tannenbaum R, Schwartz
Z, Sandhage KH, Boyan BD (2011) The effects of combined micron-/submicron-scale surface
roughness and nanoscale features on cell proliferation and differentiation. Biomaterials
32:3395–3403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.01.029
21. Hang R, Zhao F, Yao X, Tang B, Chu PK (2020) Self-assembled anodization of NiTi alloys
for biomedical applications. Appl. Surf, Sci, p 517
22. Monetta T, Acquesta A, Carangelo A, Bellucci F (2017) TiO 2 nanotubes on Ti dental implant.
Part 1: Formation and aging in Hank’s solution. Metals (Basel) 7:167. https://doi.org/10.3390/
met7050167
23. Anandan C, Mohan L, Babu PD (2014) Electrochemical studies and growth of apatite on
molybdenum doped DLC coatings on titanium alloy β-21S. Appl Surf Sci 296:86–94. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.01.049
24. Yang B, Uchida M, Kim H, Zhang X (2004) Preparation of bioactive titanium metal via
anodic oxidation treatment. Biomaterials 25:1003–1010. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-961
2(03)00626-4
25. Anandan C, Mohan L (2013) In vitro corrosion behavior and apatite growth of oxygen plasma
ion implanted titanium alloy β-21S. J Mater Eng Perform 22:3507–3516. https://doi.org/10.
1007/s11665-013-0628-6
26. Viswanathan S, Mohan L, Bera P, Kumar VP, Barshilia HC, Anandan C (2017) Corrosion and
wear behaviors of cr-doped diamond-like carbon coatings. J Mater Eng Perform 26:3633–
3647. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-017-2783-7
V. S. Simi et al.
9. Santra TS, Bhattacharyya TK, Patel P, Tseng FG, Barik TK (2011) Structural and tribological
properties of diamond-like nanocomposite thin films. Surf Coatings Technol 206:228–233.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2011.06.057
10. Mechanical testing of orthopaedic implants, 1st edn. https://www.elsevier.com/books/mechan
ical-testing-of-orthopaedic-implants/friis/978-0-08-100286-5. Accessed 22 Jun 2020
11. McGregor DB, Baan RA, Partensky C, Rice JM, Wilbourn JD (2000) Evaluation of the
carcinogenic risks to humans associated with surgical implants and other foreign bodies—a
report of an IARC Monographs Programme Meeting. In: European J Cancer Eur J Cancer,
pp 307–313
12. Chen Q, Thouas GA (2015) Metallic implant biomaterials. Mater. Sci. Eng. R Reports 87:1–57
13. Hu X, Shen H, Shuai K, Zhang E, Bai Y, Cheng Y, Xiong X, Wang S, Fang J, Wei S
(2011) Surface bioactivity modification of titanium by CO 2 plasma treatment and induction of hydroxyapatite: In vitro and in vivo studies. Appl Surf Sci 257:1813–1823. https://doi.
org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.08.082
14. Mohan L, Durgalakshmi D, Geetha M, Narayanan TSNS, Asokamani R (2012) Electrophoretic deposition of nanocomposite (HAp + TiO 2 ) on titanium alloy for biomedical
applications. Ceram Int 38:3435–3443
15. Gittens RA, Olivares-Navarrete R, Schwartz Z, Boyan BD (2014) Implant osseointegration
and the role of microroughness and nanostructures: Lessons for spine implants. Acta Biomater
10:3363–3371
16. Geetha M, Singh AK, Asokamani R, Gogia AK (2009) Ti based biomaterials, the ultimate
choice for orthopaedic implants—a review. Prog Mater Sci 54:397–425. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.pmatsci.2008.06.004
17. Puleo DA, Nanci A (1999) Understanding and controlling the bone-implant interface.
Biomaterials 20:2311–2321. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9612(99)00160-X
18. Bajgai MP, Parajuli DC, Park SJ, Chu KH, Kang HS, Kim HY (2010) In vitro bioactivity
of sol-gel-derived hydroxyapatite particulate nanofiber modified titanium. J Mater Sci Mater
Med 21:685–694. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-009-3902-2
19. Mohan L, Anandan C, Rajendran N (2015) Electrochemical behavior and effect of heat treatment on morphology, crystalline structure of self-organized TiO 2 nanotube arrays on Ti–
6Al–7Nb for biomedical applications. Mater Sci Eng, C 50:394–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.msec.2015.02.013
20. Gittens RA, McLachlan T, Olivares-Navarrete R, Cai Y, Berner S, Tannenbaum R, Schwartz
Z, Sandhage KH, Boyan BD (2011) The effects of combined micron-/submicron-scale surface
roughness and nanoscale features on cell proliferation and differentiation. Biomaterials
32:3395–3403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.01.029
21. Hang R, Zhao F, Yao X, Tang B, Chu PK (2020) Self-assembled anodization of NiTi alloys
for biomedical applications. Appl. Surf, Sci, p 517
22. Monetta T, Acquesta A, Carangelo A, Bellucci F (2017) TiO 2 nanotubes on Ti dental implant.
Part 1: Formation and aging in Hank’s solution. Metals (Basel) 7:167. https://doi.org/10.3390/
met7050167
23. Anandan C, Mohan L, Babu PD (2014) Electrochemical studies and growth of apatite on
molybdenum doped DLC coatings on titanium alloy β-21S. Appl Surf Sci 296:86–94. https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.01.049
24. Yang B, Uchida M, Kim H, Zhang X (2004) Preparation of bioactive titanium metal via
anodic oxidation treatment. Biomaterials 25:1003–1010. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-961
2(03)00626-4
25. Anandan C, Mohan L (2013) In vitro corrosion behavior and apatite growth of oxygen plasma
ion implanted titanium alloy β-21S. J Mater Eng Perform 22:3507–3516. https://doi.org/10.
1007/s11665-013-0628-6
26. Viswanathan S, Mohan L, Bera P, Kumar VP, Barshilia HC, Anandan C (2017) Corrosion and
wear behaviors of cr-doped diamond-like carbon coatings. J Mater Eng Perform 26:3633–
3647. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-017-2783-7