Nanomaterials: Surface Functionalization …
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c. Biologically Harmful: Few nanomaterials are toxic and carcinogenic which may
cause the death of the cell.
d. Difficulty in Synthesis: While synthesizing nanoparticles, it should be encapsulated, because it is incredibly challenging to retain the size of the nanoparticles
in solution form [31].
3.3 Characteristics of Metallic Nanoparticles
a. Large surface energies
b. As compared to bulk they have a large surface area to volume ratio
c. Quantum confinement
d. Plasmon excitation
e. Increased number of kinks [32].
3.4 General Application of Metallic Nanoparticles
3.4.1 Optical Function
The optical properties of metal nanoparticles depend on various factors; some of
them are shape, size, surface area, doping, and interaction with the surrounding.
Imaging sensors, solar cells, display, biomedicine, an optical detector, Photocatalysis are examples of metallic nanoparticles. The surface absorption Plasmon
of noble metal gold and silver can change into various colors, and that depends on
factors such as particle size, form, the shape of the particle and condensation rate,
etc. as shown in Fig. 8.
3.4.2 Thermal Function
Nanoparticle size plays a vital role in the heat generation, for example, in the case
of nanoparticles, which has a smaller diameter (less than 10 nm), the melting point
will be lower than a bulk metal.
3.4.3 Mechanical Function
Nanoparticles’ mechanical properties could be improved by using the polymers either
filling them or coated with them also, properties of these particles will depend on
the materials which material we filled or coated. On the other way, the mechanical
property of metallic nanoparticles could also be improved by mixing nanoparticles
with ceramics.
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c. Biologically Harmful: Few nanomaterials are toxic and carcinogenic which may
cause the death of the cell.
d. Difficulty in Synthesis: While synthesizing nanoparticles, it should be encapsulated, because it is incredibly challenging to retain the size of the nanoparticles
in solution form [31].
3.3 Characteristics of Metallic Nanoparticles
a. Large surface energies
b. As compared to bulk they have a large surface area to volume ratio
c. Quantum confinement
d. Plasmon excitation
e. Increased number of kinks [32].
3.4 General Application of Metallic Nanoparticles
3.4.1 Optical Function
The optical properties of metal nanoparticles depend on various factors; some of
them are shape, size, surface area, doping, and interaction with the surrounding.
Imaging sensors, solar cells, display, biomedicine, an optical detector, Photocatalysis are examples of metallic nanoparticles. The surface absorption Plasmon
of noble metal gold and silver can change into various colors, and that depends on
factors such as particle size, form, the shape of the particle and condensation rate,
etc. as shown in Fig. 8.
3.4.2 Thermal Function
Nanoparticle size plays a vital role in the heat generation, for example, in the case
of nanoparticles, which has a smaller diameter (less than 10 nm), the melting point
will be lower than a bulk metal.
3.4.3 Mechanical Function
Nanoparticles’ mechanical properties could be improved by using the polymers either
filling them or coated with them also, properties of these particles will depend on
the materials which material we filled or coated. On the other way, the mechanical
property of metallic nanoparticles could also be improved by mixing nanoparticles
with ceramics.