Zeigler, & J. Berry (Eds.), Proceedings of the transportation related wildlife mortality seminar
(pp. 46–66). Tallahassee: Florida Department of Transportation.
Pelletier, S. K., Carlson, L., Nein, D., & Roy, R. D. (2006). Railroad crossing structures for spotted
turtles: Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority—Greenbush rail line wildlife crossing
demonstration project. In C. L. Irwin, P. Garrett, & K. P. McDermott (Eds.), Proceedings of the
2005 International conference on ecology and transportation (pp. 414–425). Raleigh: North
Carolina State University.
Prunier, J. G., Kaufmann, B., Léna, J.-P., Fenet, S., Pompanon, F., & Joly, P. (2014).
A 40-year-old divided highway does not prevent gene flow in the alpine newt Ichthyosaura
alpestris. Conservation Genetics, 15, 453–468.
Qian, Z., Lin, X., Jun, M., Pan-Wen, W., & Qi-Sen, Y. (2009). Effects of the Qinghai-Tibet
Railway on the community structure of rodents in Qaidam desert region. Acta Ecologica
Sinica, 29, 267–271.
Railsback, S. F., & Grimm, V. (2011). Agent-based and individual-based modeling: A practical
introduction. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Reh, W., & Seitz, A. (1990). The influence of land use on the genetic structure of populations of
the common frog Rana temporaria. Biological Conservation, 54, 239–249.
Riley, S. P. D., Pollinger, J. P., Sauvajot, R. M., York, E. C., Bromley, C., Fuller, T. K., et al.
(2006). A southern California freeway is a physical and social barrier to gene flow in
carnivores. Molecular Ecology, 15, 1733–1741.
Rodríguez, A., Crema, G., & Delibes, M. (1996). Use of non-wildlife passages across a high speed
railway by terrestrial vertebrates. Journal of Applied Ecology, 33, 1527–1540.
Rodríguez, A., Crema, G., & Delibes, M. (1997). Factors affecting crossing of red foxes and
wildcats through non-wildlife passages across a high-speed railway. Ecography, 20, 287–294.
Rodríguez, J. J., García de la Morena, E., & González, D. (2008). Estudio de las medidas
correctoras para reducir las colisiones de aves con ferrocarriles de alta velocidad. Madrid:
Centro de Estudios y Experimentación, Ministerio de Fomento.
Roger, E., Laffan, S. W., & Ramp, D. (2011). Road impacts a tipping point for wildlife populations
in threatened landscapes. Population Ecology, 53, 215–227.
Schaub, M., Aebischer, A., Gimenez, O., Berger, S., & Arlettaz, R. (2010). Massive immigration
balances high anthropogenic mortality in a stable eagle owl population: Lessons for
conservation. Biological Conservation, 143, 1911–1918.
Schwartz, C., & Bartley, B. (1991). Reducing incidental moose mortality: Considerations for
management. Alces, 27, 93–99.
Simmons, J. M., Sunnucks, P., Taylor, A. C., & van der Ree, R. (2010). Beyond roadkill,
radiotracking, recapture and FST—A review of some genetic methods to improve
understanding of the influence of roads on wildlife. Ecology and Society, 15, 9.
Smith, D. J., & van der Ree, R. (2015). Field methods to evaluate the impacts of roads on wildlife.
In R. van der Ree, D. J. Smith, & C. Grilo (Eds.), Handbook of road ecology (pp. 82–95). West
Sussex: Wiley.
Smith, D. J., van der Ree, D., & Rosell, C. (2015). Wildlife crossing structures: An effective
strategy to restore or maintain wildlife connectivity across roads. In R. van der Ree, D.
J. Smith, & C. Grilo (Eds.), Handbook of road ecology (pp. 172–183). West Sussex: Wiley.
Soanes, K., Lobo, M. C., Vesk, P. A., McCarthy, M. A., Moore, J. L., & van der Ree, R. (2013).
Movement re-established but not restored: Inferring the effectiveness of road-crossing
mitigation for a gliding mammal by monitoring use. Biological Conservation, 159, 434–441.
Tremblay, M. A., & St. Clair, C. C. (2009). Factors affecting the permeability of transportation and
riparian corridors to the movements of songbirds in an urban landscape. Journal of Applied
Ecology, 46, 1314–1322.
Trewhella, W. J., & Harris, S. (1990). The effect of railway lines on urban fox (Vulpes vulpes)
numbers and dispersal movements. Journal of Zoology, 221, 321–326.
Urban, D. L., Minor, E. S., Treml, E. A., & Schick, R. S. (2009). Graph models of habitat mosaics.
Ecology Letters, 12, 260–273.
4 Railways as Barriers for Wildlife: Current Knowledge
63
(pp. 46–66). Tallahassee: Florida Department of Transportation.
Pelletier, S. K., Carlson, L., Nein, D., & Roy, R. D. (2006). Railroad crossing structures for spotted
turtles: Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority—Greenbush rail line wildlife crossing
demonstration project. In C. L. Irwin, P. Garrett, & K. P. McDermott (Eds.), Proceedings of the
2005 International conference on ecology and transportation (pp. 414–425). Raleigh: North
Carolina State University.
Prunier, J. G., Kaufmann, B., Léna, J.-P., Fenet, S., Pompanon, F., & Joly, P. (2014).
A 40-year-old divided highway does not prevent gene flow in the alpine newt Ichthyosaura
alpestris. Conservation Genetics, 15, 453–468.
Qian, Z., Lin, X., Jun, M., Pan-Wen, W., & Qi-Sen, Y. (2009). Effects of the Qinghai-Tibet
Railway on the community structure of rodents in Qaidam desert region. Acta Ecologica
Sinica, 29, 267–271.
Railsback, S. F., & Grimm, V. (2011). Agent-based and individual-based modeling: A practical
introduction. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Reh, W., & Seitz, A. (1990). The influence of land use on the genetic structure of populations of
the common frog Rana temporaria. Biological Conservation, 54, 239–249.
Riley, S. P. D., Pollinger, J. P., Sauvajot, R. M., York, E. C., Bromley, C., Fuller, T. K., et al.
(2006). A southern California freeway is a physical and social barrier to gene flow in
carnivores. Molecular Ecology, 15, 1733–1741.
Rodríguez, A., Crema, G., & Delibes, M. (1996). Use of non-wildlife passages across a high speed
railway by terrestrial vertebrates. Journal of Applied Ecology, 33, 1527–1540.
Rodríguez, A., Crema, G., & Delibes, M. (1997). Factors affecting crossing of red foxes and
wildcats through non-wildlife passages across a high-speed railway. Ecography, 20, 287–294.
Rodríguez, J. J., García de la Morena, E., & González, D. (2008). Estudio de las medidas
correctoras para reducir las colisiones de aves con ferrocarriles de alta velocidad. Madrid:
Centro de Estudios y Experimentación, Ministerio de Fomento.
Roger, E., Laffan, S. W., & Ramp, D. (2011). Road impacts a tipping point for wildlife populations
in threatened landscapes. Population Ecology, 53, 215–227.
Schaub, M., Aebischer, A., Gimenez, O., Berger, S., & Arlettaz, R. (2010). Massive immigration
balances high anthropogenic mortality in a stable eagle owl population: Lessons for
conservation. Biological Conservation, 143, 1911–1918.
Schwartz, C., & Bartley, B. (1991). Reducing incidental moose mortality: Considerations for
management. Alces, 27, 93–99.
Simmons, J. M., Sunnucks, P., Taylor, A. C., & van der Ree, R. (2010). Beyond roadkill,
radiotracking, recapture and FST—A review of some genetic methods to improve
understanding of the influence of roads on wildlife. Ecology and Society, 15, 9.
Smith, D. J., & van der Ree, R. (2015). Field methods to evaluate the impacts of roads on wildlife.
In R. van der Ree, D. J. Smith, & C. Grilo (Eds.), Handbook of road ecology (pp. 82–95). West
Sussex: Wiley.
Smith, D. J., van der Ree, D., & Rosell, C. (2015). Wildlife crossing structures: An effective
strategy to restore or maintain wildlife connectivity across roads. In R. van der Ree, D.
J. Smith, & C. Grilo (Eds.), Handbook of road ecology (pp. 172–183). West Sussex: Wiley.
Soanes, K., Lobo, M. C., Vesk, P. A., McCarthy, M. A., Moore, J. L., & van der Ree, R. (2013).
Movement re-established but not restored: Inferring the effectiveness of road-crossing
mitigation for a gliding mammal by monitoring use. Biological Conservation, 159, 434–441.
Tremblay, M. A., & St. Clair, C. C. (2009). Factors affecting the permeability of transportation and
riparian corridors to the movements of songbirds in an urban landscape. Journal of Applied
Ecology, 46, 1314–1322.
Trewhella, W. J., & Harris, S. (1990). The effect of railway lines on urban fox (Vulpes vulpes)
numbers and dispersal movements. Journal of Zoology, 221, 321–326.
Urban, D. L., Minor, E. S., Treml, E. A., & Schick, R. S. (2009). Graph models of habitat mosaics.
Ecology Letters, 12, 260–273.
4 Railways as Barriers for Wildlife: Current Knowledge
63