Index
467
Complex ions, 389-397
instability constants (table), 391
molecular orbitals in, 141-142
naming of, 391
properties of, 389-390
shapes of, 119, 141-142
Concentration, 188
and reaction rates, 228-232
Conductivity, 102
Confidence interval, 54
of slope, 78
of y intercept, 78
Confidence level, 54
Conversion factors, determination of, 30
Conversion of temperatures, 35-38
Conversion of units, 35-36
Correlation coefficient, 76-77
Coulomb, 206-207, 279
Counts per minute (cpm), 234, 404
Covalent bond, 113
energies of, 113-117, 219-220
energies of (table), 115
radii, 117-118
radii (table), 115
Current, electric, 206, 270
Dalton (unit of mass), 145, 146
Dalton molecular weight, 145-146
Dalton's law of partial pressures, 163-165
Dating by radioactivity, 406, 408, 409
d block elements, 120
Decimal notation, 5
Delocahzed molecular orbitals, 137
Density
of gases, 85-88, 161
of liquids, 85-88
measurement of, 89-90, 91
of mercury, 68
of solids, 88-90
temperature dependence of, 87
of water (table), 87
Desiccants, 415-416
table of, 416
Deuteron, 401-402
Diffusion, gaseous, 166
Digonal (sp) molecular orbitals, 122, 136,
137-138, 139-140
Dilution, 193-194
Dimensions, rules for use, 28
Dissociation
of acids, 249-252
of bases, 253-254
of electrolytes, 334-335
of water, 340-341
Distribution of errors, 48-53
Distribution of molecular kinetic energies, 243-244
Dodecahedral shape, 122
Double bond, 120-121, 132
and pi orbitals, 137-141
Drying agents, 415-416
table of, 416
Duet rule, 113, 119
Dulong and Petit, rule of, 150, 211-212
Dumas method, 183
Dumbbell shape, 123
Effusion, gaseous, 166
Einstein equation, 403
Electrical
current, 206-207, 270
energy, 207, 279-280
equivalents, 313-314
potential (voltage), 206-207, 273
resistance, 206-207
Electrodes
active, 311
hydrogen, 272, 273-274
inert, 272, 311
metal, 271
sign of in electrolytic cells, 308-309
sign of in galvanic cells, 270-273
Electrolysis, 308
of molten salts, 308-309
of water solutions (at - electrode),
309-310
of water solutions (at + electrode),
311-312
Electrolytes, 102
apparent dissociation of, 333-335
strong, 412
weak, 412
Electrolytic cells, 308-309
Electron-dot formulas, 120-121, 132-133
Electronegativity, 116, 120
and electron-pair repulsion, 131
table of values of, 115
Electron-pair geometries, 121-122
table of, 122
Electron-pair repulsion, 121
unequal, 126
and effect on bond angle, 131
and effect of electronegativity, 131
Electron pairs, calculation of, 119
Electrons, 102, 401
unpaired (odd), 119, 140-141
Electron-transfer, 269-279
by chemical groups (table), 301
standard electrode potentials (table), 275
Electron-transfer equations, balancing,
291-300
with half-reactions, 292
without half-reactions, 295-297
with organic compounds, 297-299
467
Complex ions, 389-397
instability constants (table), 391
molecular orbitals in, 141-142
naming of, 391
properties of, 389-390
shapes of, 119, 141-142
Concentration, 188
and reaction rates, 228-232
Conductivity, 102
Confidence interval, 54
of slope, 78
of y intercept, 78
Confidence level, 54
Conversion factors, determination of, 30
Conversion of temperatures, 35-38
Conversion of units, 35-36
Correlation coefficient, 76-77
Coulomb, 206-207, 279
Counts per minute (cpm), 234, 404
Covalent bond, 113
energies of, 113-117, 219-220
energies of (table), 115
radii, 117-118
radii (table), 115
Current, electric, 206, 270
Dalton (unit of mass), 145, 146
Dalton molecular weight, 145-146
Dalton's law of partial pressures, 163-165
Dating by radioactivity, 406, 408, 409
d block elements, 120
Decimal notation, 5
Delocahzed molecular orbitals, 137
Density
of gases, 85-88, 161
of liquids, 85-88
measurement of, 89-90, 91
of mercury, 68
of solids, 88-90
temperature dependence of, 87
of water (table), 87
Desiccants, 415-416
table of, 416
Deuteron, 401-402
Diffusion, gaseous, 166
Digonal (sp) molecular orbitals, 122, 136,
137-138, 139-140
Dilution, 193-194
Dimensions, rules for use, 28
Dissociation
of acids, 249-252
of bases, 253-254
of electrolytes, 334-335
of water, 340-341
Distribution of errors, 48-53
Distribution of molecular kinetic energies, 243-244
Dodecahedral shape, 122
Double bond, 120-121, 132
and pi orbitals, 137-141
Drying agents, 415-416
table of, 416
Duet rule, 113, 119
Dulong and Petit, rule of, 150, 211-212
Dumas method, 183
Dumbbell shape, 123
Effusion, gaseous, 166
Einstein equation, 403
Electrical
current, 206-207, 270
energy, 207, 279-280
equivalents, 313-314
potential (voltage), 206-207, 273
resistance, 206-207
Electrodes
active, 311
hydrogen, 272, 273-274
inert, 272, 311
metal, 271
sign of in electrolytic cells, 308-309
sign of in galvanic cells, 270-273
Electrolysis, 308
of molten salts, 308-309
of water solutions (at - electrode),
309-310
of water solutions (at + electrode),
311-312
Electrolytes, 102
apparent dissociation of, 333-335
strong, 412
weak, 412
Electrolytic cells, 308-309
Electron-dot formulas, 120-121, 132-133
Electronegativity, 116, 120
and electron-pair repulsion, 131
table of values of, 115
Electron-pair geometries, 121-122
table of, 122
Electron-pair repulsion, 121
unequal, 126
and effect on bond angle, 131
and effect of electronegativity, 131
Electron pairs, calculation of, 119
Electrons, 102, 401
unpaired (odd), 119, 140-141
Electron-transfer, 269-279
by chemical groups (table), 301
standard electrode potentials (table), 275
Electron-transfer equations, balancing,
291-300
with half-reactions, 292
without half-reactions, 295-297
with organic compounds, 297-299