278
A. Arivoli et al.
Fig. 2 Impact of sugar mill
effluent of different
concentration on seedling
vigor index
0
200
400
600
800
1000
c o n t r o l
1 0
2 5
5 0
7 5
1 0 0
SVI
Different concentration
Seed Vigor index
Fenugreek
Mustard
alters the different hormonal status in membrane permeability (Sharma and Dubey
2005). The fresh and dry weight of seedlings improved in 10% of sugar mill effluent
concentration while decreasing at a higher concentration of sugar mill effluent. Some
amount of nutrients and trace elements may be needed for seeds. The lower concentration of sugar mill effluent contained requires a high amount of nutrients which
develops the growth of seedlings as well as fresh and dry weight of the seedlings.
The required amount of various chemicals presented in the lower concentration of
sugar mill effluent promotes plant growth (Lakshmi and Sundaramoorthy 2000; Siva
and Suja 2012). The higher concentrations of sugar mill effluent reduced the fresh
weight and dry weight of seedlings. The decrease of seedling weight may be due to
the poor growth of seedlings under the higher concentrations of effluent irrigation.
The highest vigor index (925) and (147) of fenugreek and mustard seedlings were
observed in 10% of effluent treated seedling and lowest vigor index (328) and (24.5)
were observed in 100% of effluent (Fig. 2). The presence of different pollutants
in lower concentrations of sugar mill effluent (at 10%) increased the growth and
development. These observations were conformed to (Lakshmi and Sundaramoorthy
2000; Saxena and Madan 2012; Ali et al. 2012; Malik et al. 2014).
4 Conclusion
The Physico-chemical parameters such as TDS, BOD, and COD were proved to
be higher in sugar mill effluent and it severely affects plant growth. From this
study, it concluded that Physico-chemical parameters like pH, electrical conductivity,
total solids, dissolved solids, suspended solids, chloride, hardness, calcium, magnesium, COD, BOD, sulphate, and TDS were relatively higher in the sugar industry
effluent and severely affected seed germination. There was a gradual decrease in the
percentage of seed germination and seedling growth in vigor index value with Sugar
mill effluent concentration. The untreated effluent could lead to soil fertility deterioration like NPK value and lower the productivity of yielding. The results show
A. Arivoli et al.
Fig. 2 Impact of sugar mill
effluent of different
concentration on seedling
vigor index
0
200
400
600
800
1000
c o n t r o l
1 0
2 5
5 0
7 5
1 0 0
SVI
Different concentration
Seed Vigor index
Fenugreek
Mustard
alters the different hormonal status in membrane permeability (Sharma and Dubey
2005). The fresh and dry weight of seedlings improved in 10% of sugar mill effluent
concentration while decreasing at a higher concentration of sugar mill effluent. Some
amount of nutrients and trace elements may be needed for seeds. The lower concentration of sugar mill effluent contained requires a high amount of nutrients which
develops the growth of seedlings as well as fresh and dry weight of the seedlings.
The required amount of various chemicals presented in the lower concentration of
sugar mill effluent promotes plant growth (Lakshmi and Sundaramoorthy 2000; Siva
and Suja 2012). The higher concentrations of sugar mill effluent reduced the fresh
weight and dry weight of seedlings. The decrease of seedling weight may be due to
the poor growth of seedlings under the higher concentrations of effluent irrigation.
The highest vigor index (925) and (147) of fenugreek and mustard seedlings were
observed in 10% of effluent treated seedling and lowest vigor index (328) and (24.5)
were observed in 100% of effluent (Fig. 2). The presence of different pollutants
in lower concentrations of sugar mill effluent (at 10%) increased the growth and
development. These observations were conformed to (Lakshmi and Sundaramoorthy
2000; Saxena and Madan 2012; Ali et al. 2012; Malik et al. 2014).
4 Conclusion
The Physico-chemical parameters such as TDS, BOD, and COD were proved to
be higher in sugar mill effluent and it severely affects plant growth. From this
study, it concluded that Physico-chemical parameters like pH, electrical conductivity,
total solids, dissolved solids, suspended solids, chloride, hardness, calcium, magnesium, COD, BOD, sulphate, and TDS were relatively higher in the sugar industry
effluent and severely affected seed germination. There was a gradual decrease in the
percentage of seed germination and seedling growth in vigor index value with Sugar
mill effluent concentration. The untreated effluent could lead to soil fertility deterioration like NPK value and lower the productivity of yielding. The results show