1 Pharmaceuticals, Personal Care Products, and Artificial …
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Table 1.5 Detection frequency (%) and concentration range (ng/L) of artificial sweeteners and
personal care products in Asian groundwater
Detection freq.
(%)
Sample number Concentration
range (ng/L)
Country/region
References
Acesulfame (artificial sweetener)
100
33
12.9–4580
China
(Dongjiang
River Basin)
Yang et al.
(2018)
100
15
12–22
China (Tianjin)
Gan et al. (2013)
78
9
0.30–110
Vietnam (Hanoi) Watanabe et al.
(2016)
73
30
<0.500–1330
Korea
(Buyeo-gun)
Lee et al. (2019)
67
3
4.5–130
Vietnam
(Halong)
Watanabe et al.
(2016)
41
138
<3.0–730
Singapore
Tran et al.
(2014a)
7
14
<1.6–2.31
India (Ganges
River Basin)
Sharma et al.
(2019)
Cyclamate (artificial sweetener)
100
33
2.75–110
China
(Dongjiang
River Basin)
Yang et al.
(2018)
100
15
92–100
China (Tianjin)
Gan et al. (2013)
100
3
2.4–65
Vietnam
(Halong)
Watanabe et al.
(2016)
50
14
<0.5–0.339
India (Ganges
River Basin)
Sharma et al.
(2019)
44
138
<3.0–790
Singapore
Tran et al.
(2014a)
33
30
<0.170–155
Korea
(Buyeo-gun)
Lee et al. (2019)
33
9
ND a –4.9
Vietnam (Hanoi) Watanabe et al.
(2016)
Sucralose (artificial sweetener)
100
33
46.8–2440
China
(Dongjiang
River Basin)
Yang et al.
(2018)
100
14
0.532–24.64
India (Ganges
River Basin)
Sharma et al.
(2019)
60
15
ND–9.6
China (Tianjin)
Gan et al. (2013)
33
3
ND–47
Vietnam
(Halong)
Watanabe et al.
(2016)
(continued)