and a stable process. A greater CH 4 output was also achieved by subsequently
adding H 2 producer organism, i.e. acetogenic Enterobacter cloacae, whereas a
quicker degradation of fat was attained after adding Clostridium lundense.
2.5
Opportunities
The development and expansion of non-fossilized clean energy source are of
significance to the energy security and environmental integrity (Bong et al. 2017).
The considerable development in the manufacturing of goods is relieved by the
worldwide population increase and advancement in technology, hence leading to an
exponential rise in the economy of the industrialized nations. It should also be
considered that all the raw materials and fuels, which are extracted from the earth,
convert into emissions or waste at some point. The aim should be to keep the volume
of these emissions as low as possible, which ultimately would reduce the negative
impact on the environment (Barik 2018). There is an increasing concern over the
high production rate of organic waste due to rapid urbanization and population
growth around the globe. Biogas is of great interest among the renewable energy
available due to its ability to treat organic waste and generate power addressing both
concerns at the same time.
Production of biogas using the animal manure produced in farms represents an
additional energy source for generating heat and electricity (Ramos-Suárez et al.
2019). Thus, it is not wrong to say that biogas is a plethora of opportunities in the
case of both, meeting demands contrast to the energy crisis and a solution to the
immense waste disposal problem.
2.5.1 Factual Productivity Through Biogas
Biogas production, utilization, and renewable energy, cost-effectiveness, business
and commercial potential, and market principles are emphasized as a standard
criterion for renewable energy technologies in economic arguments and various
policy documents. Biogas occurs as a major part of it (Table 2.4).
Considering a net amount of waste to be 2.12 billion metric tons per year
(as stated by the reports of World Bank 2018) we surely have a huge amount of
waste to be generated every year (Levine 2018). This amount is contributed as 0.74
(kg) of footprint per person per day. Almost 70% of the net amount of waste is
organic in kilograms nature, which makes up to 1.484 billion metric tons of waste
(Gautam et al. 2019). Out of the 70% organic waste (The World Bank), the expected
biogas production mainly depends on the contents of both dry matter (DM) and
lignin (% of DM) of the organic waste (research gate). So, rounding off, we can
conclude that almost 60% of organic waste can be utilized for biogas production.
Ending up, we have nearly 1.3 billion tons of waste feasible to produce biogas.
Considering 100% of organic waste produces 153 m
3 ton-1 (Al-Addous et al. 2019),
60% of organic waste will end up in 91.8 m
3 ton-1 production of biogas. 1.3 billion
tons of 60% organic waste would be ending up in 119.71 billion m
3 of biogas. The
2 Microbial and Biotechnological Advancement in Biogas Production
53
adding H 2 producer organism, i.e. acetogenic Enterobacter cloacae, whereas a
quicker degradation of fat was attained after adding Clostridium lundense.
2.5
Opportunities
The development and expansion of non-fossilized clean energy source are of
significance to the energy security and environmental integrity (Bong et al. 2017).
The considerable development in the manufacturing of goods is relieved by the
worldwide population increase and advancement in technology, hence leading to an
exponential rise in the economy of the industrialized nations. It should also be
considered that all the raw materials and fuels, which are extracted from the earth,
convert into emissions or waste at some point. The aim should be to keep the volume
of these emissions as low as possible, which ultimately would reduce the negative
impact on the environment (Barik 2018). There is an increasing concern over the
high production rate of organic waste due to rapid urbanization and population
growth around the globe. Biogas is of great interest among the renewable energy
available due to its ability to treat organic waste and generate power addressing both
concerns at the same time.
Production of biogas using the animal manure produced in farms represents an
additional energy source for generating heat and electricity (Ramos-Suárez et al.
2019). Thus, it is not wrong to say that biogas is a plethora of opportunities in the
case of both, meeting demands contrast to the energy crisis and a solution to the
immense waste disposal problem.
2.5.1 Factual Productivity Through Biogas
Biogas production, utilization, and renewable energy, cost-effectiveness, business
and commercial potential, and market principles are emphasized as a standard
criterion for renewable energy technologies in economic arguments and various
policy documents. Biogas occurs as a major part of it (Table 2.4).
Considering a net amount of waste to be 2.12 billion metric tons per year
(as stated by the reports of World Bank 2018) we surely have a huge amount of
waste to be generated every year (Levine 2018). This amount is contributed as 0.74
(kg) of footprint per person per day. Almost 70% of the net amount of waste is
organic in kilograms nature, which makes up to 1.484 billion metric tons of waste
(Gautam et al. 2019). Out of the 70% organic waste (The World Bank), the expected
biogas production mainly depends on the contents of both dry matter (DM) and
lignin (% of DM) of the organic waste (research gate). So, rounding off, we can
conclude that almost 60% of organic waste can be utilized for biogas production.
Ending up, we have nearly 1.3 billion tons of waste feasible to produce biogas.
Considering 100% of organic waste produces 153 m
3 ton-1 (Al-Addous et al. 2019),
60% of organic waste will end up in 91.8 m
3 ton-1 production of biogas. 1.3 billion
tons of 60% organic waste would be ending up in 119.71 billion m
3 of biogas. The
2 Microbial and Biotechnological Advancement in Biogas Production
53